scholarly journals Enhancing the Energy Absorption Characteristics of Multi-Cell Square Tubes under Lateral Impact

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 4903-4907
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Plastic Buckling ◽  
Cylindrical Tubes ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Impact Kinetic Energy ◽  
Impact Simulations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tubular Components

Thin-walled tubular components have been broadly utilized in energy absorption applications, to improve the crashworthiness of the structure and to mitigate the impact kinetic energy through progressive plastic buckling. The extensive usage of cylindrical tubes as impact energy attenuators is owing to their superior crashworthiness behaviour, easy fabrication, less cost, and light-weight efficacy. The current paper examines the lateral impact behaviour of thin-walled aluminum multi-cell square tubes of different configurations using numerical simulations. These non-linear impact simulations were performed on multi-cell square tubes using finite element ABAQUS/CAE explicit code. From the overall results obtained, the crashworthiness performance of multi-cell square tubes of various configurations were compared. Moreover, multi-cell square tube of first type were recognized as most prominent for better energy absorption. This type of tubes was found to be effective one to improve the lateral crashworthiness performance

Improving the energy-absorbing properties of hybrid aluminum-composite tubes using nanofillers for crashworthiness applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622094226
Author(s):  
A Praveen Kumar ◽  
D Maneiah ◽  
L Ponraj Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Aluminum Composite ◽  
Basalt Glass ◽  
Cylindrical Tubes ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Crushing Behavior ◽  
Energy Absorbing ◽  
The Impact

Thin-walled tubular configurations with hybridization concept have been gained special consideration in recent years owing to their substantial balance between light-weight characteristics and crashworthiness performance. In this context, some research studies have been concentrated on the feasibility of a thin-walled metal-composite hybrid tube. It is also eminent that the impact energy absorption capability of such hybrid tubes can further be enhanced through modification of the epoxy matrix by adding nanofillers. In this research article, aluminum-based multiwalled carbon nanotubes reinforced epoxy composite cylindrical tubes are introduced, and their corresponding quasi-static crushing behavior, subjected to lateral loading is examined experimentally. The influence of the number of fabric plies (2, 3, and 4) and type of fabric (basalt, glass) of the composite part on the crashworthiness characteristics was evaluated. The overall outcomes revealed that the proposed hybrid tube samples showed outstanding energy absorption characteristics, comprising a stable crush force–deformation response and better specific energy absorption. It is also noted that the deformation behavior and energy absorption capability of the aluminum tubes could be considerably improved by applying a nanocomposite-wrapped plies.

scholarly journals Lateral Crushing and Energy Absorption Behavior of Multicellular Tube Structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2684-2687 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Simple Cell ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Multicellular Structure ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Impact Simulations

Thin-walled metallic tubular elements are extensively employed as an impact energy attenuator in modern vehicles owing to light weight, easy fabrication and average cost. Besides, the novel multi-cell tubular structures have superior energy absorption characteristics related to a conventional simple cell tube. In this research article, the finite element simulation of thin-walled aluminium alloy extruded multicellular structure under lateral impact loading is investigated. Nonlinear impact simulations were performed on multicellular tubes of various configurations using finite element ABAQUS/CAE explicit code. From the outcomes attained, the energy absorption capability of various multicellular tube structures were compared and it shows that multicellular tubes have more remarkable than that of traditional simple cell tubes. Moreover, square shaped multicellular structure tube were retained as most prominent for higher energy absorption. This type of multicellular tubes was found to be effective one to improve the lateral crashworthiness performance

Effects of Wall Thickness and Crush Initiators Position under Experimental Drop Test on Square Tubes

2017 ◽  
Vol 865 ◽  
pp. 612-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Malawat ◽  
Jos Istiyanto ◽  
D.A. Sumarsono
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Tube Wall ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Load Force ◽  
Drop Height ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Initial Peak ◽  
Load Mass

Crush initiators are the weakest points to reduce initial peak load force with significant energy absorption ability. The objective of this paper is to study the effects of square tube thickness and crush initiators position for impact energy absorber (IEA) performance on thin-walled square tubes. Two square tubes having thickness about 0.6 mm (specimen code A) and 1 mm (specimen Code C) were tested under dynamic load. The crushing initiator is designed around the shape of the tube wall and has eight holes with a fixed diameter of 6.5 mm. In the experiment, the crushing initiator was determined at 5 different locations on the specimen wall. These locations are 10 mm, 20 mm. 30 mm, 40 mm, and 50 mm measured from the initial collision position of the specimen tested. The impact load mass was about 80 kg and had a drop height of about 1.5 m. Using the simulation program of the LabVIEW Professional Development System 2011 and National Instrument (NI) 9234 software equipped with data acquisition hardware NI cDAQ-9174 the signal from the load cell was sent to a computer. By controlling the thickness of the thin-walled square tube, the peak loading force can be decreased by approximately 56.75% and energy absorption ability of IEA can be increased approximately to 11.83%. By using different thin-walled square tube can produce different best crush initiators position with the lowest peak load force.

Experimental analysis on the axial crushing and energy absorption characteristics of novel hybrid aluminium/composite-capped cylindrical tubular structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (11) ◽  
pp. 2234-2252 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Praveen Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Cylindrical Tube ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Aluminium Composite ◽  
Specific Energy Absorption ◽  
Cylindrical Tubes ◽  
Impact Crushing ◽  
Energy Absorbing ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, aluminium-composite hybrid tubular structures, which combine the stable and progressive plastic deformation of the aluminium metal with light-weight composite materials, are obtaining increased consideration for meeting the advanced needs of crashworthiness characteristics. This research article presents the experimental outcomes of novel aluminium/composite-capped cylindrical tubes subjected to quasi-static and impact axial loads. The influence of various capped geometries in the aluminium segment and three different fabrics of the composite segment in the cylindrical tube are investigated experimentally. The outcomes of the impact crushing test are also correlated with the quasi-static results of the proposed aluminium/composite-capped cylindrical tubes. The overall outcomes revealed that the crashworthiness characteristics of crushing force consistency and specific energy absorption of the aluminium-composite hybrid tubes are superior to those of the bare aluminium tubes. When the glass fabric/epoxy composite is wrapped to aluminium cylindrical tubes, the specific energy absorption increases about 23–30%, and the wrapping of hybrid glass/kenaf fabrics increases the specific energy absorption of almost 40–52%. Such a hybrid tubular structures would be of huge prospective to be used as effective energy-absorbing devices in aerospace and automotive applications. A further benefit of the composite-wrapping approach is that the composite might be retro-fitted to aluminium tubes, and the energy absorption capability is shown to be significantly enhanced by such utilization.

Multi-Objective Optimization Design of Functionally Graded Foam-Filled Graded-Thickness Tube Under Lateral Impact

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanfeng Yin ◽  
Jinle Dai ◽  
Guilin Wen ◽  
Wanyi Tian ◽  
Qiankun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Foam Density ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Foam Filled ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Graded Thickness

Foam-filled thin-walled structure has been widely used in vehicle engineering due to its highly efficient energy absorption capacity and lightweight. Unlike the existing foam-filled thin-walled structures, a new foam-filled structure, i.e., functionally graded foam-filled graded-thickness tube (FGFGT), which had graded foam density along the transverse direction and graded wall thickness along the longitudinal direction, was first studied in this paper. Two FGFGTs with different gradient distributions subjected to lateral impact were investigated using nonlinear finite element code through LS-DYNA. According to the parametric sensitivity analysis, we found that the two design parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], which controlled the gradient distributions of the foam density and the tube wall thickness, significantly affected the crashworthiness of the two FGFGTs. In order to seek for the optimal design parameters, two FGFGTs were both optimized using a meta-model-based multi-objective optimization method which employed the Kriging modeling technique as well as the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II. In the optimization process, we aimed to improve the specific energy absorption and to reduce the peak crushing force simultaneously. The optimization results showed that the FGFGT had even better crashworthiness than the traditional uniform foam-filled tube with the same weight. Moreover, the graded wall thickness and graded foam density can make the design of the FGFGT flexible. Due to these advantages, the FGFGT was an excellent energy absorber and had potential use as the side impact absorber in vehicle body.

scholarly journals A Study of Multi-Objective Crashworthiness Optimization of the Thin-Walled Composite Tube under Axial Load

Vehicles ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-452
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Seyedi ◽  
Abolfazl Khalkhali
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Absorption Mechanism ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
The Impact

In recent decades, thin-walled composite components have been widely used in the automotive industry due to their high specific energy absorption. A large number of experimental and numerical studies have been conducted to characterize the energy absorption mechanism and failure criteria for different composite tubes. Their results indicate that the energy absorption characteristics depend highly on the failure modes that occur during the impact. And failure mechanism is dependent on fiber material, matrix material, fiber angle, the layout of the fibers, as well as the geometry of structure and load condition. In this paper, first, the finite element (FE) model of the CFRP tube was developed using the Tsai-Wu failure criterion to model the crush characteristics. The FE results were validated using the published experimental. Then, a series of FE simulations were conducted considering different fiber directions and the number of layers to generate enough data for constructing the GMDH-type neural network. The polynomial expression of the three outputs (energy absorption, maximum force, and critical buckling force) was extracted using the GMDH algorithm and was used to perform the Pareto-based multi-objective optimizations. Finally, the failure mechanism of the optimum design point was simulated in LS-DYNA. The main contribution of this study was to successfully model the CFRP tube and damage mechanism using appropriate material constitutive model’s parameters and present the multi-objective method to find the optimum crashworthy design of the CFRP tube.

scholarly journals Composite Absorber in Collision Simulations of a Bus

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Vít Sháněl ◽  
Miroslav Španiel
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Frontal Collision ◽  
Bus Structure ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper details the numerical modeling of composite absorbers and an assessment of the influence of such deformation elements on a bus during frontal collision with a car. The absorber itself is designed as an assembly of thin-walled composite wound tubes oriented in the vehicle direction of travel. During the impact the tubes are crushed, causing energy absorption. Crash simulations were performed at various speeds using differing scenarios with the deformational member as well as without it. Comparative diagrams of force and velocity of the car and deformation of the bus structure were assessed

scholarly journals Energy Absorption Mechanism and Its Influencing Factors for Circular Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Members Subjected to Lateral Impact

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4652
Author(s):  
Luming Wang ◽  
Yanhui Liu ◽  
Lang Yang ◽  
Nan Xu ◽  
Shichun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Absorption Characteristic ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Absorption Process ◽  
Tube Material ◽  
Absorption Mechanism ◽  
Concrete Material ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
The Impact

The energy absorption characteristic of steel tube material and concrete material is an important indicator to reflect the impact resistance of circular concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) members. In order to efficiently simulate the material energy absorption of the steel tube and concrete under lateral impact, a nonlinear finite element model considering the material strain rate of the circular CFST member was established and validated based on the drop weight tests. Then, the energy absorption mechanism of circular CFST members subjected to lateral impact was investigated including the revelation of the energy absorption process and the determination of the energy absorption distribution for the steel tube material and concrete material, which are obtained respectively based on the comprehensive analysis of dynamic response and innovative establishment of the segmented numerical model. In addition, the influence of impact momentum on energy absorption process and the effect of impact location on energy absorption distribution are further carried out. The observations of this investigation can provide reference for the anti-impact design and damage reinforcement of circular CFST members subjected to lateral impact.

scholarly journals Crashworthiness Characteristics of Multi-Cell Tubular Structures Subjected to Axial Impact

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3911-3915 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Energy ◽  
Deformation Behaviour ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Axial Impact ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Energy Absorbing ◽  
Impact Simulations ◽  
The Impact

To mitigate the impact forces in crash events, thin-walled tubular elements are employed as an energy absorbing attenuators in frontal part of the automotive vehicles. To develop more progressive deformation modes, at the initial period, and to absorb more impact energy at the final period of crash, it is significant to enhance the crashworthiness performance of the tube by modifying its geometrical parameters. Multi-cell tubular structures have recognized to own superior impact energy absorbing ability and lightweight effect in the modern automotive vehicles. This research article examines the deformation behaviour of thin walled aluminum alloy multi-cell tube with different stiffeners exposed to axial impact loading using numerical simulation. Nonlinear impact simulations were performed on multi-cell tubes using finite element ABAQUS/CAE explicit code. From the overall results obtained, the deformation behaviour of multi-cell tubes was compared. Furthermore, hexagonal tubes with stiffeners were retained as most prominent for better energy dissipation. This type of tube was found to be most efficient type to enhance the crashworthiness performance during axial impact.

scholarly journals Impact Energy Absorption Capability of Polygonal Cross-Section Thin-Walled Beams under Lateral Impact

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-214
Author(s):  
Sanjay Patil ◽  
Arvind Bhosale ◽  
Vijaypatil Dhepe ◽  
Dheeraj Lengare ◽  
Ravi Kakde
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Circular Cross Section ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Bending Performance ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Energy Absorbers ◽  
Side Collision

The continuing efforts of automotive technology aim to deliver even greater safety benefits and reduce the weight of a vehicle. Thin-walled beams (TWB) are widely used as strengtheners or energy absorbers in vehicle bodies due to their lightweight and excellent energy absorption capacity. Thus, researchers are interested in the collapse behaviour and mechanical properties of thin-walled beams under static and dynamic loadings. Circular TWB is commonly used in vehicle side doors. In the event of a side collision, this beam deforms and absorbs the greatest amount of impact energy. In this study, the energy absorption capability and crashworthiness of polygonal cross-section TWBs subjected to lateral impact was investigated using numerical simulations. Polygonal TWB ranging from square to dodecagon, as well as circular cross section, were selected for this study. Energy absorption (EA), specific energy absorption (SEA) and crash force efficiency (CFE) crashworthiness indicators are employed to evaluate the bending collapse performance. Because TWB thickness and weight have a greater impact on bending performance, they were kept constant across all polygons. In ABAQUS explicit dynamic software, finite element simulations are performed, and plastic hinges and flattening patterns of all polygons are examined. The results show that heptagon, octagon, and nonagon cross-section TWB perform better in crashworthiness than square and circular TWB.

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