scholarly journals IoT Based Smart Parking Platform

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 4628-4632
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Ultrasonic Sensor ◽  
Trigger Pulse ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Web Browser ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
The Status ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
Arduino Uno

Parking space is becoming a serious problem due to increasing number of vehicles along with the mismanagement of available parking space. Particularly, in places where sports or artistic events are scheduled, searching for parking space is a major problem. In order to combat this problem, Smart Parking Platform is implemented using sensors to detect when a car enters or leaves a parking lot in order to track capacity and alert drivers about availability of parking space. Inefficient management of parking system effects traffic flow and also leads to wastage of time and fuel. Smart Parking Platform smoothens the parking experience and achieves convenience for users by displaying the status of the parking slots in web browser and guiding drivers towards empty parking slot. In this paper, each parking slot is equipped with an ultrasonic sensor which is interfaced to Arduino UNO microcontroller. Arduino UNO sends the trigger pulse to the ultrasonic sensor. Ultrasonic sensors senses whether the parking slot is empty or occupied and sends the data from echo pin to Arduino UNO, which is programmed in such a way that it processes the data and communicates to Node MCU. The status of the parking spaces is updated in the webpage regularly. The user can access the information regarding parking slots by connecting to the provided network. If a parking slot is empty, it is represented by green block. If it is filled, it is represented by red block. This project aims towards reducing traffic congestion and time while searching for parking space. It can be applicable in places such as convention centers, shopping malls, airports, bus stations, stadiums and theatres.

scholarly journals Smart Parking Guidance System on IoT

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 2793-2798 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Video Processing ◽  
Guidance System ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
Haar Cascade

Nowadays, smart parking guidance system is a crucial research for people’s convenience where the integrating concept of IoT that include hardware and software with the connection of internet for image or video processing technology is a powerful application which made up a complete smart parking system. The main objective of this research is to develop and analyze on a smart parking guidance system where current available system was compared to this new proposed system. Limited parking space has become serious issue since the number of Malaysia’s populations are using car keep increasing. Some of the big companies, shopping malls and other public facilities already deployed a smart parking system on their building. However, there are still a lot of buildings that do not own it because the system required a lot of investment, where the huge parking areas need higher cost to install sensors on each parking lot available and cameras are costly and lower in reliability. The proposed smart parking guidance system in this research was depending on a 360° camera that was modified on Raspberry Pi camera module and 360o lens that process with De-Warping techniques for the normal view rather than 360-degree view and Haar-Cascade classifier. The image and video processing was done by Open CV and python program to detect the available parking space and cloud firebase was used to update data where users can access the parking space availability by android mobile phone specifically at a closed parking space. A single 360°camera was replaced several sensors and cameras which were implemented on traditional parking guidance system. In the end of the paper, it is proved that prototype based smart parking is the convenient way to find the parking space availability.

scholarly journals Smart Parking Guidance System Using 360o Camera and Haar-Cascade Classifier on IoT System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 864-872 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Video Processing ◽  
Guidance System ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Cascade Classifier ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
Haar Cascade

Nowadays, smart parking guidance system is a crucial research for people’s convenience. The main objective of this research is to develop and analyze on a smart parking guidance system where current available system was compared to this new proposed system. Limited parking space has become serious issue since the number of Malaysia’s populations who are using car keep increasing. Some of the big companies, shopping malls and other public facilities already deployed a smart parking system on their building. However, there are still a lot of buildings that do not own it because the system required a lot of investment, where the huge parking areas need higher cost to install sensors on each parking lot available. The proposed smart parking guidance system in this research was depending on a 360° camera that was modified on raspberry pi camera module and 360o lens and Haar-Cascade classifier. The image and video processing was by Open CV and python program to detect the available parking space and cloud firebase was used to update data where users can access the parking space availability by android mobile phone specifically at a closed parking space. A single 360°camera was replaced several sensors and camera which was implemented on traditional smart parking system. An analysis was done on the performance of the system where it can detect the parking availability with 99.74% accuracy and which is far better than conventional system including reliability and cost for the parking space guidance system.

scholarly journals IoT Smart Parking System Based on the Visual-Aided Smart Vehicle Presence Sensor: SPIN-V

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis F. Luque-Vega ◽  
David A. Michel-Torres ◽  
Emmanuel Lopez-Neri ◽  
Miriam A. Carlos-Mancilla ◽  
Luis E. González-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Smart Cities ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
The Status ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
Vehicle Fleet ◽  
Smart Vehicle

Humanity is currently experiencing one of the short periods of transition thanks to novel sensing solutions for smart cities that bring the future to today. Overpopulation of cities demands the development of solid strategic plannings that uses infrastructure, innovation, and technology to adapt to rapid changes. To improve mobility in cities with a larger and larger vehicle fleet, a novel sensing solution that is the cornerstone of a smart parking system, the smart vehicular presence sensor (SPIN-V, in its Spanish abbreviation), is presented. The SPIN-V is composed of a small single-board computer, distance sensor, camera, LED indicator, buzzer, and battery and devoted to obtain the status of a parking space. This smart mobility project involves three main elements, namely the SPIN-V, a mobile application, and a monitoring center, working together to monitor, control, process, and display the parking space information in real-time to the drivers. In addition, the design and implementation of the three elements of the complete architecture are presented.

scholarly journals Generalized Parking Occupancy Analysis Based on Dilated Convolutional Neural Network

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Nurullayev ◽  
Sang-Woong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Perspective Distortion ◽  
Occupancy Detection ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Parking Space Detection

The importance of vacant parking space detection systems is increasing dramatically as the avoidance of traffic congestion and the time-consuming process of searching an empty parking space is a crucial problem for drivers in urban centers. However, the existing parking space occupancy detection systems are either hardware expensive or not well-generalized for varying images captured from different camera views. As a solution, we take advantage of an affordable visual detection method that is made possible by the fact that camera monitoring is already available in the majority of parking areas. However, the current problem is a challenging vision task because of outdoor lighting variation, perspective distortion, occlusions, different camera viewpoints, and the changes due to the various seasons of the year. To overcome these obstacles, we propose an approach based on Dilated Convolutional Neural Network specifically designed for detecting parking space occupancy in a parking lot, given only an image of a single parking spot as input. To evaluate our method and allow its comparison with previous strategies, we trained and tested it on well-known publicly available datasets, PKLot and CNRPark + EXT. In these datasets, the parking lot images are already labeled, and therefore, we did not need to label them manually. The proposed method shows more reliability than prior works especially when we test it on a completely different subset of images. Considering that in previous studies the performance of the methods was compared with well-known architecture—AlexNet, which shows a highly promising achievement, we also assessed our model in comparison with AlexNet. Our investigations showed that, in comparison with previous approaches, for the task of classifying given parking spaces as vacant or occupied, the proposed approach is more robust, stable, and well-generalized for unseen images captured from completely different camera viewpoints, which has strong indications that it would generalize effectively to other parking lots.

Cloud Based Smart Parking System

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1578-1583
Author(s):  
V. Sathya ◽  
Bheemanadham ◽  
Surya Sai ◽  
Arpit Tharad ◽  
Ayush Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Parking Spot ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Car Park ◽  
Smart Parking ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology

Lately, the idea of brilliant urban communities has increased awesome notoriety. Parking becomes one of the tedious tasks in our day to day life. Many efforts have been done in this field to solve parking based problems like traffic congestion, limited parking space, high parking charges, and the most basic problem is to find nearby parking space. In this paper, we proposed an algorithm that increases the efficiency of the current cloud-based smart parking system and develops a network architecture based on Internet-Of-Things technology. Our proposed system helps users automatically find a free parking space at the least cost based on new performance metrics to calculate the user parking cost by considering the distance from the user to parking area and the total number of free places in each car park. A mobile application is provided that navigate the user to the free parking space based on the efficiency based on distance and cost. This cost will be utilized to offer an answer of finding an accessible parking spot upon a demand by the client and an answer of proposing another car park if the present park is full.

Smart Parking System Based on Wireless Sensor Network for Large Parking Lots

2012 ◽  
Vol 195-196 ◽  
pp. 889-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Yan Zhang ◽  
Li Ping Zhou ◽  
Wen Yu Cai
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Node ◽  
Transmission Function ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Transmission Protocol ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Congested Area ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Smart Parking

In China, finding a vacant parking space in a congested area or a large parking lot is always time consuming and frustrating. To minimize hassle and inconvenience to the automatic drivers, this paper proposed a novel smart parking system which consists of many parking sensor nodes and one parking gateway in one large parking lot. Parking sensor node is used as vehicle occupancy detector and parking gateway is used as parking lot manager. All parking sensor nodes compose wireless sensor networks with Zigbee transmission protocol. With the GPRS/3G transmission function of parking gateway, large parking lot can provide friendly parking information to the running vehicles and subscribed users. In a word, the proposed novel smart parking system is provided with innovative and practicability.

scholarly journals Model Sistem Hitung Kendaraan pada Area Parkir Bertingkat 2 Menggunakan Mikrokontroler ATMega8535

Electrician ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Wiwik Dwi Agustin ◽  
Emir Nasrullah ◽  
Raden Arum Setia Priadi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Ultrasonic Sensor ◽  
System Model ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Servo Motor ◽  
Parking Garage ◽  
Counting System ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Automation Technology ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles

Intisari —  Area parkir dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sangat dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat, apalagi di daerah perkotaan. Berlatar belakang kebutuhan akan efisiensi waktu dan bahan bakar kendaraan serta pengembangan teknologi otomasi, maka melalui penelitian ini telah dirancang sebuah piranti yang bertujuan untuk menginformasikan kepada pengemudi apakah dapat memarkir kendaraannya atau tidak pada suatu area parkir dan diharapkan bermanfaat menghemat waktu dan bahan bakar kendaraan. Apabila area parkir terisi penuh oleh kendaraan yang parkir, motor servo akan berputar dan palang pintu yang terhubung akan menutup sehingga kendaraan tidak dapat masuk ke area parkir yang penuh.Model sistem hitung kendaraan pada area parkir bertingkat 2 pada tugas akhir ini pada intinya merupakan piranti dengan miktrokontroler sebagai pengendali utama yang terhubung dengan sensor ultrasonik sehingga dapat memindai masuk dan keluar kendaraan roda empat (mobil) pada suatu area parkir serta memberikan informasi jumlah lahan parkir yang belum terisi melalui LCD yang terpasang pada pintu masuk, sehingga memudahkan pengendara mobil untuk memutuskan apakah perlu memasuki area parkir tersebut untuk memarkir kendaraannya atau mencari tempat parkir lain tanpa harus berputar-putar pada area parkir tersebut sehingga memakan waktu dan bahan bakar kendaraan. Apabila kondisi area parkir telah terisi penuh oleh kendaraan, maka terdapat motor servo yang terhubung dengan palang pintu yang akan menutup akses masuknya kendaraan sehingga kendaraan tidak dapat memasuki area parkir.Tugas akhir ini mengimplementasikan perancangan sebuah model sistem hitung kendaraan secara otomatis yang dapat menginformasikan kepada pengendara apakah dapat memarkir kendaraannya atau tidak pada suatu area parkir. Selain itu diharapkan dapat diimplementasikan langsung pada suatu area parkir bertingkat.Kata kunci — Mikrokontroler, Sensor ultrasonik, LCD, Motor servo.  Abstract — Parking lot is needed by society everyday, especially in urban areas. Background of the need for time efficiency and vehicle fuel and the development of automation technology, then this research has designed a tool that aims to inform the driver whether the vehicle may be parked or not in a parking area and is expected to be useful to save time and fuel vehicles. If the condition of parking areas have filled with vehicles, the servo motor is connected to the cross bar that would close access to the entry of vehicles so that vehicles can not enter the parking area. Model of the vehicle counting system at the 2-floors parking garage at the end of this task is essentially a tool to microcontroller as main controller connected to the ultrasonic sensor that can scan incoming and outgoing four-wheeled vehicles (cars) at a parking area and provide information of ample parking not filled through the LCD attached to the entrance, making it easier for driver to decide whether to enter the parking area to park the vehicle or to find another parking space without spinning the parking area so that it takes time and fuel vehicles. This final task of implementing the design of a counting system model vehicles can automatically inform the driver whether the vehicle may be parked or not in a parking lot. Also expected to be implemented directly on a multilevel parking area.Keywords — Microcontroller, Ultrasonic sensor, LCD, Servo motor, Parking lot. 

scholarly journals A New Prototype of Smart Parking System Using Wireless Sensors

2021 ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Prof . Lalitha N ◽  
Raghu L ◽  
Sanjay M ◽  
Sharath Kumar H ◽  
Yogeshwar Gowda C P
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensors ◽  
Sensor Node ◽  
The State ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Central Node ◽  
Parking System ◽  
The Status ◽  
Smart Parking

Recently parking has become a serious issue and even worsen, because of the increasing number of automobiles everywhere. In this project we propose an IoT based guidance for user to monitor and book the parking space for the vehicle and for managing and monitoring free parking space, it provides an intelligent solution. It aims at implementing smarter and better parking guidance mechanism which significantly reduces difficulty in conventional parking system. The system can monitor the state of every parking slot by deploying a sensor node on the slot. Accordingly sensor senses the status of parking slot and send status to central node server controller. The Node MCU collect the data from all sensor node and upload to the server where user can check the parking status from anywhere using internet and any browser.

scholarly journals Strategi Penanganan Kemacetan Arus Lalu Lintas Berdasarkan Persepsi Masyarakat

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilma Erliana
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Market Area ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Parking Management ◽  
The City ◽  
Banda Aceh

Abstrak: Pasar sangatlah identik dengan pusat keramaian, karena pasar merupakan pusat perdagangan yang terletak di pusat kota yang sering disebut juga dengan kawasan Central Bussiness District (CBD). Karena pasar merupakan pusat keramaian sehingga mengundang banyak masyarakat untuk datang ke kawasan tersebut sehingga menimbulkan kemacetan arus lalu lintas, akibat tidak terkendalinya arus lalu lintas di sekitar pasar. Kemacetan arus lalu lintas salah satunya akibat dari tidak terkendalinya parkir sehingga membuat kondisi parkir di sekitar daerah tersebut menjadi semakin semrawut. Pasar Aceh merupakan salah satu pusat perdagangan terbesar dan yang paling berkembang di kota Banda Aceh. Semakin berkembangnya kawasan Pasar Aceh membuat aktivitas pergerakan masyarakat semakin meningkat, sehingga membuat menurunnya tingkat pelayanan jalan di kawasan tersebut,  yang diakibatkan oleh kendaraan yang berjalan lambat, parkir, pejalan kaki dan pedagang kaki lima. Pasar Aceh memiliki fasilitas ruang parkirnya. Setelah disediakan ruang parkir pada gedung Pasar Aceh (off-street parking) yang baru ini ternyata masih banyak masyarakat yang lebih memilih parkir dibadan jalan (on-street parking), sementara pelataran parkir pada gedung Pasar Aceh belum habis terisi penuh, sehingga masih terjadi kemacetan dan kesemrawutan lalu lintas yang diakibatkan oleh banyaknya pengguna jalan yang menggunakan badan jalan sebagai tempat parkir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : (1) mengevaluasi kinerja jalan yang terbebani oleh kendaraan yang melintasi jalan di kawasan Pasar Aceh, (2) mengevaluasi kebutuhan ruang parkir yang optimal untuk melayani para pengunjung Pasar Aceh dan (3) mengidentifikasi permasalahan-permasalahan yang timbul akibat on-street parking berdasarkan persepsi masyarakat. Sehingga diharapkan dapat direncanakan manajemen parkir yang baik untuk masa yang akan datang.Kata kunci : tingkat pelayanan jalan, permasalahan parkir, persepsi masyarakat, manajemen parkirAbstract: The market is very synonymous with the center of the crowd, because the market is a trading center located in the city center which is often referred to as the Central Bussiness District (CBD). Because the market is a center of crowds that invites many people to come to the area, causing traffic congestion, due to uncontrolled traffic flow around the market. One of the traffic jams is due to uncontrolled parking, making parking conditions around the area increasingly chaotic. Aceh Market is one of the largest and most developed trade centers in the city of Banda Aceh. The increasing development of the Aceh Market area has made community movement activities increasingly increasing, which has caused a decline in the level of road services in the area, which is caused by vehicles that run slowly, parked, pedestrians and street vendors. Aceh Market has its parking facilities. Having provided parking space on the new Pasar Aceh (off-street parking) building it turns out that there are still many people who prefer on-street parking, while the parking lot on the Aceh Market building has not been fully filled, so traffic jams still occur and the chaos of traffic caused by many road users who use the road as a parking lot. The objectives of this study are: (1) evaluating road performance burdened by vehicles crossing the road in the Aceh Market area, (2) evaluating optimal parking space requirements to serve Aceh Market visitors and (3) identifying problems arising from -street parking based on people's perception. So it is expected that good parking management can be planned in the future. Keywords: level of road service, parking problems, public perception, parking management

scholarly journals A Routing Algorithm Based on Zigbee Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xieji Gang
Keyword(s):  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Parking Space ◽  
Filtering Algorithm ◽  
Zigbee Technology ◽  
Parking System ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
The Status ◽  
Urban Parking

To realize the exploration of A routing algorithm for ZigBee technology, a kind of intelligent parking system based on ZigBee wireless sensor network is designed, and the parking space is managed by online and offline interaction. First of all, the status of parking at home and abroad is studied, and the demand for parking is analyzed. Secondly, the intelligent scheme of parking system is studied, including parking guidance technology and parking space intelligent recommendation technology. The former is based on the A routing algorithm to search the shortest path, and uses Unity for route planning simulation, and the latter is based on collaboration filtering algorithm to discuss the recommendation method of similar parking spaces. The result shows that the prototype of an intelligent parking system based on ZigBee is eventually realized, and the functions of online viewing, online parking reservation, online path planning and parking guidance are realized. As a result, the purpose of managing offline parking spaces through online is achieved, the utilization rate of resources in the existing parking lot is improved and the use rate of parking space is promoted. At last, it effectively alleviates the urban parking chaos and has certain application value.

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