Prevalence, virulence and antibiotic susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Shaimaa Elbar ◽  
Rasha Elkenany ◽  
Mohamed Elhadidy ◽  
Gamal Younis
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Intestinal Content ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Hlya Gene

Objective: This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence, virulence, and antibiotics susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from hindbrain, spinal cord, milk, and intestinal content collected from sheep in the Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. Design: Observational study. Samples: We analyzed 472 samples, including 72 hindbrain/spinal cord samples from emergency-slaughtered sheep, 300 raw-milk samples from apparently healthy sheep, and 100 intestinal content samples from slaughtered sheep at three abattoirs. Procedures: Isolation and identification of L. monocytogenes were performed using conventional techniques. The biochemically identified isolates were confirmed by 16SrRNA gene sequencing and examined for virulence-associated genes (hlyA and iap) as well as for antimicrobial susceptibility. Results: In total, 16 (3.39%) out of 472 sheep samples [5.56% (4/72) in hindbrain/spinal cord, 4% (12/300) in milk, and 0% (0/100) in intestinal content samples] were found to be positive for L. monocytogenes. All the confirmed isolates were positive for the hlyA gene (100%); meanwhile, none of them exhibited the iap gene. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed high resistance rates to amoxicillin, cefotaxime, erythromycin (50% each), and vancomycin (37.5%). Sulfamethoxazole–trimethoprim and tetracycline resistance rates were 25% and 12.5%, respectively. On the contrary, all isolates were susceptible to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and norfloxacin. Interestingly, 37.5% (6/16) of L. monocytogenes isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR). The multiple antibiotic resistances (MAR) index of isolates ranged from 0.1 to 0.6. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Our data highlights the importance of awareness of virulent strains of MDR L. monocytogenes of sheep samples and potentially samples from other domestic animals in Egypt.

Technological characterisation, antibiotic susceptibility and antimicrobial activity of wild-type Leuconostoc strains isolated from north Italian traditional cheeses

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Morandi ◽  
Paola Cremonesi ◽  
Tiziana Silvetti ◽  
Milena Brasca
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance Genes ◽  
Reduction Activity ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
High Degree

Genotypic and technological properties, antibiotic susceptibility and antimicrobial activity of 35 Leuconostoc strains, isolated from different Italian raw milk cheeses, were investigated. RAPD-PCR was used to study genetic variability and to distinguish closely related strains. The results showed a high degree of heterogeneity among isolates. All the strains had weak acidifying activity and showed low proteolytic and lipolytic activities. Reduction activity, was generally low. All the Leuconostoc were susceptible to ampicillin, mupirocin, erythromycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin and tetracycline. Many strains were classified as resistant to oxacillin, ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantonin, while all isolates were found resistant to vancomycin. PCR-based detection did not identify any of the common genetic determinants for vancomycin (vanA, vanB, vanC1, vanC2, vanC3, vanD, vanE, vanG) or erythromycin (ermB and ermC). Tetracycline resistance genes were detected in 25 tetracycline susceptible strains, the most frequent one being tetM. One strain, belonging to Ln. pseudomesenteroides species, was positive for the presence of the int gene of the Tn916/Tn1545 trasposon family. This is the first time the conjugative transposon Tn916 has been detected inside the Leuconostoc species. All strains showed antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Ent. faecium. The presence of genes encoding amino-acid decarboxylases (hdc and tdc) was not detected. Some strains are interesting in view of their use in cheese production as starter and non starter cultures.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Listeria Monocytogenes in Bangalore City from Various Food Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2271-2276
Author(s):  
Vedavati Goudar ◽  
Kanthesh B M ◽  
Nagalambika Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Fresh Milk ◽  
Biochemical Identification ◽  
Raw Fish

The current research emphasis on the isolation and differentiation of Listeria monocytogenes from different food samples most frequently infected with Listeriosis outbreaks. Crude chicken meat, raw milk, pasteurized cheese, ice cream and raw fish are samples from the city of Bangalore. The selective medium mainly used for the isolation of Listeria is oxford agar. Using isolated L. monocytogenes from food samples, morphologic and biochemical identification was carried out. 2 samples (fresh milk and Ice cream) were positive out of 5 samples; 3 samples (raw chicken meat, raw fish, and pasteurized cheese) were negative. The results conferred during this study indicate the contamination of Ice- cream and Raw Milk samples with L. monocytogenes.

scholarly journals Listeria Species Occurrence and Associated Risk Factors and Antibiogram of Listeria Monocytogenes in Milk and Milk Products in Ambo, Holeta, and Bako Towns, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bizunesh Mideksa Borena ◽  
Lemma Dilgasa ◽  
Endrias Zewdu Gebremedhin ◽  
Edilu Jorga Sarba ◽  
Lencho Megersa Marami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Management System ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background Listeriosis is a severe foodborne disease of significant burden to public health caused by consuming food contaminated with Listeria species. The current study was aimed to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of Listeria species and assess the antibiogram of Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) isolated from milk and milk products from Holeta, Ambo, and Bako towns, Ethiopia. Methods A cross sectional study was employed and a systematic random sampling method was used to collect raw milk and milk products samples. A total of 482 samples (384 milk, 35 cottage cheeses, 30 bulk tank milk, and 33 curdle milk) were collected and isolation and identification of Listeria species were done using standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility test for L. monocytogenes was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the prevalence of Listeria while Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to determine the association between the prevalence of Listeria and the risk factors and the magnitude of association, respectively Results The isolation rate of Listeria species was 7.67% (37/482; 95% confidence interval (CI):5.46, 10.42). The overall prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 2.28%, (11/482; 95% CI: 1.14 - 4.04). The other species isolated were L. welshimeri 0.62% (3/482; 95% CI:0.13 - 1.81), L. seeligeri 1.04% (5/482; 95% CI:0.33 - 2.40), L. ivanovi 1.24%, (6/482;95% CI:0.45 - 2.68) and L. grayi 2.49% (12/482; 95% CI:5.46 - 10.42). Univariable logistic regression showed that study town, herd size, farm size, number of lactating cows, and management system were the factors significantly associated with for the isolation of Listeria species at farm level while intensive management system was independent predictor at cow level in the multivariable model (adjusted odds ratio = 3.38, P=0.046). L. monocytogenes isolates showed the highest resistance against oxacillin (100%), amoxicillin (90.91%), and vancomycine (81.82%). L. monocytogenes showed very high multi-drug resistance (MDR) [81.82%]. Conclusion The current study showed widespread of Listeria species MDR Listeria monocytogenes isolates in cow raw milk and milk products from Ambo, Holeta, and Bako towns, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates from the Nasopharynx of Febrile Children under 5 Years in Nanoro, Burkina Faso

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 444
Author(s):  
Massa dit Achille Bonko ◽  
Palpouguini Lompo ◽  
Marc Christian Tahita ◽  
Francois Kiemde ◽  
Ibrahima Karama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Children Under 5

(1) Background: nasopharynx colonization by resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae can lead to serious diseases. Emerging resistance to antibiotics commonly used to treat infections due to these pathogens poses a serious threat to the health system. The present study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of S. aureus and S. pneumoniae isolates from the febrile children’s nasopharynx under 5 years in Nanoro (Burkina Faso). (2) Methods: bacterial isolates were identified from nasopharyngeal swabs prospectively collected from 629 febrile children. Antibiotic susceptibility of S. aureus and S. pneumoniae isolates was assessed by Kirby–Bauer method and results were interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. (3) Results: bacterial colonization was confirmed in 154 (24.5%) of children of whom 96.1% carried S. aureus, 3.2% had S. pneumoniae, and 0.6% carried both bacteria. S. aureus isolates showed alarming resistance to penicillin (96.0%) and S. pneumoniae was highly resistant to tetracycline (100%) and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (83.3%), and moderately resistant to penicillin (50.0%). Furthermore, 4.0% of S. aureus identified were methicillin resistant. (4) Conclusion: this study showed concerning resistance rates to antibiotics to treat suspected bacterial respiratory tract infections. The work highlights the necessity to implement continuous antibiotic resistance surveillance.

Antibiotic susceptibility pattern against pathogenic bacteria causing Dental Caries

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Deepak Dwivedi ◽  
Tejram Kushwah ◽  
Mukesh Kushwah ◽  
Vinod Singh
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Penicillin V ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Antibiotics to treat dental caries infection are routinely prescribed which led to the increased resistance against bacteria. The purpose of this investigation was to perform antibiotic susceptibility tests on a panel of pathogenic bacteria isolated from dental caries infection. Bacteria were isolated from caries site of patients and identified at the species level. Each of 150 species of bacteria was tested for antibiotics susceptibility to a five antibiotics using Etest. The antibiotics used were Amoxicillin, Cloxocillin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline and Penicillin‐V. The obtained resistance percentage for each antibiotic were Penicillin V: 72/150 (48%), Tetracycline: 99/150 (66%), Amoxicillin: 135/150 (90%), Cloxocillin: 117/150 (78%), and Erythromycin: 90/150 (60%) (Table 1). In case of combinatorial antibiotic exposure, the resistance percentage of Penicillin V/Amoxicillin and Amoxicillin/ Erythromycin was 39/150 (26%), and 45/150 (30%) respectively. The study has well demonstrated the clinical picture of antibiotic resistance and susceptibility pattern of bacteria causing dental caries. The obtained comprehensive data will allow investigating the spatial distribution of pathogenic, antibiotic resistant bacteria among dental caries patients which further may help into development of novel diagnostic and treatment approaches for the same.

Listeria monocytogenes in Raw Milk: Detection, Incidence, and Pathogenicity

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. LOVETT ◽  
D. W. FRANCIS ◽  
J. M. HUNT
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Isolation Method ◽  
Listeria Species ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Listeria Ivanovii

To determine the incidence of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk, an isolation method was evaluated and used to analyze milk from three areas of the United States. The incidence varied by area from 0% in California to 7% in Massachusetts, with an overall incidence of 4.2%. The highest incidence found in any area during a single sampling period was 12% in Massachusetts in March 1985. During that same sampling, the incidence for all Listeria species was 26%. Of the 27 L. monocytogenes strains isolated during the survey, 25 were pathogenic in adult mice. One of three Listeria ivanovii isolated was pathogenic. No other isolates demonstrated pathogenicity.

scholarly journals Molecular types, virulence profiles and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli causing bovine mastitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Nüesch-Inderbinen ◽  
Nadine Käppeli ◽  
Marina Morach ◽  
Corinne Eicher ◽  
Sabrina Corti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Phylogenetic Grouping ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

BackgroundEscherichia coli is an important aetiological agent of bovine mastitis worldwide.MethodsIn this study, 82 E. coli from bovine mastitis milk samples from 49 farms were analysed for their genetic diversity using phylogenetic grouping and multilocus sequence typing. The isolates were examined by PCR for a selection of virulence factors (VFs). Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were assessed using the disk diffusion method.ResultsThe most prevalent phylogroups were group B1 (41.5 per cent of the isolates) and group A (30.5 per cent). A variety of 35 different sequence types (STs) were identified, including ST1125 (11 per cent), ST58 (9.8 per cent), ST10 (8.5 per cent) and ST88 (7.3 per cent). Aggregate VF scores (the number of unique VFs detected for each isolate) ranged from 1 to 3 for 63.4 per cent of the isolates and were at least 4 for 12.2 per cent. For 24.4 per cent of the isolates, the score was 0. The three most frequent VFs were traT, fyuA and iutA. The majority (72 per cent) of the isolates harboured traT. The majority (68.3 per cent) of the isolates were fully susceptible to all antimicrobials tested, with 22 per cent resistant to ampicillin and 14.6 per cent to tetracycline. Resistance rates were low for gentamicin (3.7 per cent), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (2.4 per cent) and ceftiofur (1.2 per cent), respectively.ConclusionAmong the study’s sample population, E. coli strains were genotypically diverse, even in cows from the same farm, although some STs occurred more frequently than others. Susceptibility to clinically relevant compounds remained high.

Amino Acids as Neurotransmitters.: A Symposium to honour Hugh McLennan on his retirement

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1048-1048
Author(s):  
J. R. Ledsome
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Chloride Channels ◽  
Excitatory Amino Acid ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
University Of British Columbia

A meeting was held at the University of British Columbia on May 28–29, 1990 to honour the many important scientific contributions made by Dr. Hugh McLennan to our understanding of chemical neurotransmission in the brain and spinal cord. The invited speakers were those with whom Dr. McLennan has at one time or another collaborated, and their presentations reflected Hugh's early interest in GÀBA (factor I) as an inhibitory transmitter and his research over the last two decades into the physiology and pharmacology of acidic amino acid receptors.The session on GABA opened with an intriguing discussion by Professor Florey of the history of the isolation and identification of GABA as a neurotransmitter and was followed by papers dealing with the electrophysiological actions of GABA. Professor Curtis discussed its pre- and post-synaptic actions in the spinal cord, while Dr. Mathers presented data derived from GABA-gated chloride channels isolated from cultured neurones. Professor Krnjević was unfortunately unable to attend the symposium.Work presented by Professors Watkins and Lodge and Dr. Curry provided an excellent historical perspective on the birth and rapid development of excitatory amino acid pharmacology, a field to which Dr. McLennan has contributed enormously.Among the topics pertaining to the electrophysiological actions of acidic amino acids was the role of the NMDA receptor both in long-term potentiation (Dr. Collingridge) and in synaptic transmission in the kainic acid-lesioned hippocampus (Dr. Wheal), the effects of antagonists on synaptic transmission in the thalamus (Dr. Hicks), and the modulation by catecholamines of glutamate-induced neuronal excitations (Dr. Marshall).In his closing address Dr. McLennan, with characteristic grace and style, acknowledged the efforts of his co-workers in his many achievements. Those of us who have had the great pleasure of collaborating with Hugh here at UBC or within the scientific community wish him all the best in his retirement.

scholarly journals Listeria monocytogenes: An emerging food-borne pathogen and its public health implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waffa W Reda ◽  
Khaled Abdel-Moein ◽  
Ahmed Hegazi ◽  
Yasmin Mohamed ◽  
Khaled Abdel-Razik
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Luncheon Meat ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Minced Meat

Introduction: Listeria monocytogenes is considered one of the most important food-borne pathogens transmitted to humans via contaminated food. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the importance of L. monocytogenes as a food-borne pathogen. Methodology: A total of 340 samples were collected from different localities in El Giza Governorate, Egypt, to check the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in that area. The collected samples comprised 250 food samples, 40 swabs from food refrigerators, and 50 stool specimens from diarrheic children. L. monocytogenes was isolated from the examined samples according to the International Organization for Standardization. The isolates were tested biochemically using Listeria Microbact 12L and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. Results: The isolation rates of L. monocytogenes were 8% in beef burger, 4% in minced meat, 4% in luncheon meat, while sausage samples were all negative. Eight percent of raw milk samples were positive for L. monocytogenes, whereas cheese samples and refrigerator swabs were negative. Only Listeria grayi was isolated from human stools (2.5%). Conclusion: The high isolation rates of L. monocytogenes among the examined food stuffs highlight the crucial role of food as an important vehicle for this pathogen. More efforts should be made to ensure safe handling and processing of these foods to reduce the transmission of L. monocytogenes to humans.

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