Antibiotic susceptibility pattern against pathogenic bacteria causing Dental Caries

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Deepak Dwivedi ◽  
Tejram Kushwah ◽  
Mukesh Kushwah ◽  
Vinod Singh
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Penicillin V ◽  
Antibiotics Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Antibiotics to treat dental caries infection are routinely prescribed which led to the increased resistance against bacteria. The purpose of this investigation was to perform antibiotic susceptibility tests on a panel of pathogenic bacteria isolated from dental caries infection. Bacteria were isolated from caries site of patients and identified at the species level. Each of 150 species of bacteria was tested for antibiotics susceptibility to a five antibiotics using Etest. The antibiotics used were Amoxicillin, Cloxocillin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline and Penicillin‐V. The obtained resistance percentage for each antibiotic were Penicillin V: 72/150 (48%), Tetracycline: 99/150 (66%), Amoxicillin: 135/150 (90%), Cloxocillin: 117/150 (78%), and Erythromycin: 90/150 (60%) (Table 1). In case of combinatorial antibiotic exposure, the resistance percentage of Penicillin V/Amoxicillin and Amoxicillin/ Erythromycin was 39/150 (26%), and 45/150 (30%) respectively. The study has well demonstrated the clinical picture of antibiotic resistance and susceptibility pattern of bacteria causing dental caries. The obtained comprehensive data will allow investigating the spatial distribution of pathogenic, antibiotic resistant bacteria among dental caries patients which further may help into development of novel diagnostic and treatment approaches for the same.

scholarly journals Pathogenic and Drug Resistant Bacteria in Raw Milk of Jessore City: A Potential Food Safety Threat

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
UT Tasnim ◽  
MT Islam
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Milk is such a food which can meet almost all nutritional needs of human lives. Raw or unprocessed milk supports the growth of wide variety of microorganisms. The major interests of this study were examining the microbial quality of raw milk collected from different locations of Jessore city in Bangladesh and determining antibiotic susceptibility pattern of some isolated bacteria. To do so, 12 raw milk samples were collected from different areas of Jessore city. Microbial analysis comprised of enumeration of TVC (total viable count), TCC (total coliform count) and TSC (total staphylococcal count). The highest TVC, TCC and TSC were 1.95x109 CFU/ml, 2.5x107 CFU/ml and 1.02x107 CFU/ml respectively. Prevalent bacterial populations were Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Shigella spp. Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Citrobacter spp. In order to observe the antibiotic susceptibility pattern, the antibiotic sensitivity test was performed for some randomly selected isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. More than 90% isolates of Klebsiella spp. were found to be resistant against Erythromycin whereas more than 90% isolates were sensitive against Imipenem. On the other hand, 100% E. coli isolates were observed as resistant against Erythromycin and in case of Trimethopreme 100% isolates were sensitive. Multidrug resistance pattern was also found. These results suggest the necessity of hygienic practices during handling, processing and post-processing of raw milk to improve the microbiological quality and safety of raw milk.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23723Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 71-78

scholarly journals Microbial Isolates from Vegetable Foreign Bodies Inhaled by Dogs

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Flisi ◽  
Manuel Dall’Aglio ◽  
Costanza Spadini ◽  
Clotilde Silvia Cabassi ◽  
Fausto Quintavalla
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
The Right

Grass-seed inhalation is a common problem in canine patients, in particular during summer months, migrating in upper and lower respiratory tract. Grass awns can harbor bacteria and fungi, causing grass seeds foreign body-related disease (GSFBD). Aim of this study was to investigate the aerobic microbial flora isolated from grass awns extracted from 41 dogs with GSFBD and the antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated bacterial strains. Fifty-four grass awns were localized with diagnostic imaging tests and removed by endoscopy from respiratory tract. The most frequent localizations were in the left nostril and the right hemithorax. Only one grass awn was extracted from each patient except in 7 that had more than one. Bacteriological and mycological cultures, strains identification, and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed. One or more bacterial strains were isolated from all grass awns. Fungal strains were isolated only in 4 cases. Staphylococcussp. was the most frequent isolate in the upper respiratory tract (36.8%), whileE. coli(24.4%) was the most frequent isolate in the lower tract. Fluoroquinolones and Doxycycline were the most effective antibiotics, while resistance was observed against Gentamicin (>93%), Cefapirin, and Clindamycin (>80%). These data are relevant in relation to the use of these antibiotics in both animals and humans, for the risk of transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria or resistance genes.

scholarly journals Load and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Microorganisms in Muscle Foods Sold in Akure, Southwest Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Bodunde ◽  
C.O. Ogidi ◽  
B.J. Akinyele
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Muscle Foods ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Background: Muscle foods, notably red meat, poultry meat, and fish are the first choice of animal source food with adequate protein for human. The present study was undertaken to analyze the load and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of microorganisms in muscle foods sold in Akure, Southwest Nigeria. Methods: Hundred muscle food samples, including meat and fish were collected from different locations (A-E) of Akure, Nigeria and examined microbiologically using cultural techniques, biochemical tests, and analytical profile index. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns were also determined in isolated microorganisms from muscle foods against different antibiotics. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 17.0. Results: The highest (p<0.05) total viable bacterial count (8.3×106 CFU/g) were obtained from pork, including with 6.0×105 CFU/g for Staphylococcus and 5.8×105 CFU/g for Salmonella-Shigella. Mackerel collected from location D (Kings market) had the highest (p<0.05) bacterial count of 9.97×105 CFU/g, followed by 8.57×105 CFU/g, and 7.03×105 CFU/g in locations C and E, respectively. Low fungal counts were recorded ranged from 1.0×102 to 1.30×102 spore forming unit/g. The highest (p<0.05) occurrence of 26.50% was observed for Escherichia coli. The isolated microorganisms displayed varying degree of resistance (33.3 to 100%) to commonly used antibiotics. Conclusion: The microorganisms found in muscle foods from Akure, Nigeria could be considered as result of poor hygiene of the retailers or handlers. Also, presence of the multidrug resistant bacteria in muscle foods distributed in this region could pose a serious risk factor to public health. 

scholarly journals Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from some drinking wells in Ondo town southwest Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
O. Aromolaran ◽  
O.A. Amodu
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) strains have become a global health threat. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from wells in Ondo town, Southwest Nigeria. Twenty-eight well water samples were analyzed for the presence of K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa by standard pour plate technique. The bacterial isolates were tested against eight commonly use antibiotics using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. The percentage occurrence of K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa in the well water samples were 17.86% and 21.43%, respectively. Two multi-drug resistant strains of K. pneumoniae were isolated, which were resistant to at least three classes of antibiotics. Fifty percent of the P. aeruginosa isolates were resistant to caftazidime, cefuroxime, nitrofurantoin, and ampicillin. None of the isolates was fully susceptible to cefuroxime, but have all showed resistance to β-lactam (ceftazidime, cefuroxime augmentin, and ampicillin) antibiotics. Cefuroxime may not be effective an effective drug in the treatment of K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa implicated infections in these communities in Ondo. Also, the over-use of antibiotics should be discouraged in order to curtail the menace of antibiotic resistance Keywords: Well water, Antibiotics, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

scholarly journals Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates from urine of students in Benue State Polytechnic, Ugbokolo, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Peter Adikwu ◽  
Mlumum E ◽  
Oyiwona EG ◽  
Adejor Johnson ◽  
Ebiega ET
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Isolation Rate ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) remains one of the most common infectious diseases diagnosed in developing countries. The widespread use of antibiotics against uro-pathogens has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistant species. Objectives: The study aimed at determining the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates from urine of students in Benue State Polytechnic, Ugbokolo, Nigeria. Materials and methods: Three hundred and twenty seven (327) midstream urine samples from 137 (41.9%) males and 190 (58.1%) females were collected from students in hostels of Benue State Polytechnic, Ugbokolo. The urine samples were inoculated into the dried surfaces of Blood agar, MacConkey agar, Eosine Methylene Blue agar and Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte-deficient agar using a calibrated loop. The inoculated plates were aerobically incubated at 37oC for 24h. Colonies were sub-cultured repeatedly to obtain a pure culture. E.coli (ATCC 25922) and S. aureus (ATCC 25923) standard reference strain were used as control. The isolates were identified using cultural and biochemical characteristics such as Gram stain, Triple Sugar Iron agar test, methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, citrate utilization, catalase, oxidase, urease and coaulase test. The identified species were then exposed to selected antibiotics to test for their susceptibility. Results: A high prevalence of 15.9% (n=327) was recorded in the study. Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in the age, sex and number of isolates. Isolation rate showed female (63.5%, n=33) preponderance over male (36.5%, n=19). Isolation rate was highest in students aged 22-26 (44.2%, n=23). E. coli was the most frequently isolated organism. The Gram negative bacterial isolates showed the highest level of resistance to amoxicillin (92.3%, n=36) and SXT (92.3%, n=36) while the Gram positive exhibited the highest level of resistance to SXT (87.5%, n=7). All the isolates were however susceptible to imipenen and gentamycin. Conclusion: The high prevalence showed by this study suggests the existence of a public health concern among the students. The fact that most of these isolates are resistant to one or more of the commonly used antibiotics calls for con

scholarly journals Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of organisms causing surgical site infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1405
Author(s):  
Saranya K. Lakshmi ◽  
Hema Narasimhe Gowda ◽  
Anuradha K.
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Hygienic Measures ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
The Cost

Background: Approximately 30-50% of antibiotic use in hospitals is now for pre-surgical prophylaxis. Selection of antibiotics for prophylaxis should be based on its activity against expected bacteria at the desired surgical site. Appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis can reduce the risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality. Abuse of antimicrobials increases the cost of treatment and supports the emergence of resistant bacteria. This study was undertaken with the primary objective of to test the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of organisms causing SSIs.Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in general surgical wards of KR hospital, Mysore for a period of 18 months (2015-2016). The relevant data was collected from the case sheets of patients who were diagnosed with SSI. Pus samples were collected, and culture-sensitivity was done. Collected data were analysed using appropriate statistical tests.Results: A total of 263 study subjects including both males and females were enrolled in the study. Out of 263 pus samples 92% were culture positive. The most common organisms causing SSI were E. Coli-ESBL (n=73) and MRSA (n=44). Gram-negative organisms were highly resistant to β-lactam antibiotics and Gram-positive organisms were resistant to cotrimoxazole, erythromycin, clindamycin, cefoxitin and ciprofloxacin.Conclusions: Good hygienic measures should be followed by the patients and health-workers. A revision of hospital antibiotic policy according to the local antibiotic susceptibility pattern is recommended.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Environmental Wastes

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
R.C. Poudel ◽  
D.R. Joshi ◽  
N.R. Dhakal ◽  
A.B. Karki
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Enterococcus Spp

Microbial resistance to antibiotics has been emerging in environmental isolates. This study was carried out from October 2008 to January 2009 to describe the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the bacteria isolated from sewage sludge, biowaste and bioslurry samples. A total of 49 identified isolates were taken for antibiotic susceptibility test. Amikacin and Gentamicin were the effective antibiotics for the Gram negative bacteria, comparatively Escherichia coli was the most sensitive. Similarly, all isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp. were sensitive to Tetracycline and Erythromycin respectively and none of these isolates were resistant to Vancomycin. Out of 13 S. aureus, five (38.5%) were Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates accounted for 46.9%, the highest percentage of MDR isolates was seen in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9/12, 75.0%). The proper management of multidrug resistant bacteria present in waste is suggestive for environmental and public health.Key words: Multidrug resistant bacteria, Bio-waste, Sewage sludge, BioslurryDOI: 10.3126/on.v7i1.2563Our Nature (2009) 7:151-157 

scholarly journals Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens Isolated from Infected Lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (41) ◽  
pp. 446-451
Author(s):  
Jatan Bahadur Sherchan ◽  
Pranita Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background: Wound infection with multidrug resistant bacteria along with risk factors is a major burden and challenge to the health care persons. This study focuses on antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates and risk factors of patients with infected wounds.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between November 2017 to June 2018 in Kathmandu University Hospital. Pus sample and wound swabs collected from patients during the study period were included. All microbiological processing were done following standard guidelines and patient’s information was collected following ethical guidelines.Results: Total number of patients observed for wound infection was 2,763. Pathogenic bacteria were detected in 252(9.12%) samples. 167(66.27%) were multidrug resistant. 118(46.82%) had risk factors. Among risk factors 14 had malignancy, 12 had diabetes, 32 were above age 60 without other risk factors, 45 received prior antibiotics and had critical illness and 15 were renal failure patients. Multidrug resistant bacteria was detected more among patients with risk factors 101(85.59%) in comparison to patients without risk factor 66(49.25%). When p value was calculated it was found significant. (p=<0.05).Conclusions: Significant amount of multidrug resistant bacteria were found in wounds of patients with risk factors. Prevention of wound infection by taking care of postoperative wounds, controlling and treating the risk factors, avoiding misuse of antibiotics and early microbiological analysis of infected wound might help to reduce the burden in healthcare centers.Keywords: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase; methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus; multidrug resistant.

Evaluation of Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and Distribution of coa Genes in Coagulase-negative S. aureus from Ahvaz, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-387
Author(s):  
Saeed Shahmohammadi ◽  
Ahmad Farajzadeh Sheikh ◽  
Mojtaba Shahin ◽  
Iman Mir
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Southwest Of Iran

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the important causes of clinical infections that can be more destructive by its antibiotic resistant strains. Objective: This study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern and distribution of mecA and coa genes in clinical isolates of S. aureus. Methods: Two hundred seventy-three specimens suspected to S. aureus were taken from hospitals of Ahvaz, southwest of Iran. Isolates were identified by standard microbiologic tests and confirmed by the molecular method. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by disk diffusion method. The presence of mecA and coa genes was determined by PCR method. Results: Of a total of 200 isolates which were tested for coagulase tube test, 143 (71.5%) showed coagulase positive, and 57 (28.5%) showed a coagulase-negative reaction. Antibacterial susceptibility pattern of 200 S. aureus isolates showed the highest and lowest susceptibility rate to linezolid (98%) and ciprofloxacin (42%), respectively. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) by detection of mecA gene was estimated as 47.5 % (95/200), of which the rate of MRSA in coagulase positive and negative isolates was 35% (50/143), and 65% (45/57), respectively. Meanwhile, coa gene was detected in 100% of coagulase positive and 28.1% of coagulasenegative isolates. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the number of atypical CNSA in our area is high. Since the coagulase test is an essential test for diagnosis of S. aureus, our findings regarding the emergence of CNSA are a warning about the misdiagnosis and selection of appropriate treatment approach for S. aureus isolates.

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