scholarly journals Pelarangan riba dan bunga dalam sistem hukum kontrak syariah

TERAJU ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 89-104
Author(s):  
Sudanto Sudanto
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
General Principle ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Abstrak Asas umum dalam hukum kontrak syariah yaitu asas الأَصْلُ فِيْ الأَشْيَاْءِ الإِبَاْحَةُ yang menyatakan bahwa segala sesuatu itu hukumnya boleh, kecuali ada dalil yang melarangnya. Selain itu, terdapat pula beberapa asas penting, yang satu dengan lainnya saling berkaitan, yaitu: asas konsensualisme, asas kekuatan mengikatnya kontrak dan asas kebebasan berkontrak. Implikasi dari asas-asas tersebut jika tidak dibatasi dengan ketentuan maupun perundangan-undangan akan mengakibatkan hilangnya ruh dari hukum kontrak syariah. Sehingga tulisan ini mencoba memaparkan pelarangan riba dan bunga dalam sistem hukum kontrak syariah sebagai bentuk upaya menjaga agar tidak kehilangan ruhnya.   Kata Kunci:  Riba, Bunga, Hukum Kontrak Syariah. Abstrac The general principle in sharia contract law is the principle of الأَصْلُ فِيْ الأَشْيَاْءِ الإِبَاْحَةُ which states that everything is legal, unless there is an argument that prohibits it. In addition, there are also several important principles, which are interrelated to one another, namely: the principle of consensualism, the principle of the strength of contract binding and the principle of freedom of contract. The implications of these principles if not limited to the provisions or laws and regulations will result in the loss of the spirit of sharia contract law. So this paper tries to explain the prohibition of usury and interest in the legal system of sharia contracts as a form of efforts to keep it from losing its spirit.   Keywords: Usury, Interest, legal of sharia contracts.

Ch.1 General Provisions, General Provisions I: Arts 1.1–1.3—Fundamental principles, Art.1.1

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vogenauer Stefan
Keyword(s):  
General Principle ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
The World ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
Technical Sense

This commentary focuses on Article 1.1, which deals with freedom of contract, the most important fundamental principle of contract law for contracts governed by the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts (PICC). Art 1.1 restates a general principle of law in the technical sense; that is, a principle common to the laws of all — or at least most — jurisdictions in the world. All modern contract laws recognize freedom of contract, albeit for different reasons and to varying degrees. Art 1.1 covers two aspects of contractual freedom: the first is the freedom to decide whether to conclude a contract at all, and with whom; the second is the freedom to contract on the terms desired by the parties. Limitations of the freedom to determine the content of the contract follow from mandatory rules of the PICC.

scholarly journals KEDUDUKAN DAN KEKUATAN HUKUM MeMoranduM of understanding (Mou) SEBAGAI TAHAP PRAKONTRAK (KAJIAN DARI SISI HUKUM PERIKATAN)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Devi Setiyaningsih ◽  
Ambar Budhisulistyawati
Keyword(s):  
Open System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
Binding Force ◽  
The Law ◽  
Binding Power ◽  
Laws And Regulations

abstract<br />This article aimed to find out the MoU regulation according to Indonesian Law and the binding power of  MoU according to the law contract. This research employed juridical normative approach, emphasizing on literature to obtain secondary data from primary, secondary, and tertiary law materials. The results of the research that special arrangements regarding the MoU are not found in various laws and regulations in indonesia. The basis for the entry into force of the MoU in Indonesia is based on the principle of freedom of contract, as stipulated in Article 1338 of the Civil Code. In addition, it is also subject to the provisions concerning the contract in the Civil Code which basically adheres to an open system, which means that each person is free to enter into an agreement, both which has been regulated in the Law and which has not been regulated in the Law.<br />Keyword: Position; Binding force; Memorandum of Understanding; Contract Law<br /><br />Abstrak<br />Artikel ini ditulis dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan Memorandum of Understanding  (MoU) menurut hukum di Indonesia serta kekuatan mengikat MoU menurut hukum perikatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif yaitu menitikberatkan pada sumber kepustakaan untuk memperoleh data sekunder dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan khusus mengenai MoU tidak ditemukan di dalam berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Adapun dasar berlakunya MoU di Indonesia adalah didasarkan pada asas kebebasan berkontrak, sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 1338 KUHPerdata. Selain itu juga tunduk pada ketentuan tentang perikatan yang ada dalam KUH Perdata yang pada dasarnya menganut sistem terbuka, yaitu berarti setiap orang bebas mengadakan perjanjian, baik yang telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang maupun yang belum diatur dalam Undang-Undang.<br />Kata Kunci: Kedudukan; Kekuatan Mengikat; Memorandum of Understanding; Hukum Perikatan

scholarly journals IMPLIKASI KEGIATAN USAHA PENITIPAN DENGAN PENGELOLAAN (TRUST) DALAM AKTIVITAS PERBANKAN TERHADAP PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PERDATA INDONESIA

LITIGASI ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Handayani ◽  
Lastuti Abubakar
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Freedom Of Contract

  The issuance of Bank Indonesia Regulation No. 14/7/PBI/2012 regarding Trust add more types of agreements in banking practice. From the legal view, the concept of trust is still debatable, given the concept of trust derived from the Anglo-Saxon legal system that recognize dual -ownership. This concept is not recognize in the legal system agreements in Indonesia, but the existence of the trust agreement is possible based on the principle of freedom of contract in contract law. In practical terms, the use of the concept of trust will intersect with the interests of a third party. Some legal issues have been research in this study are how the Trust agreement under the Indonesia Law of contract; how Bank responsibility as Trustee's for any losses, and how the implications of the Trust against renewal Civil Law. This study utilizes a descriptive analysis, using normative juridical approach. We have conclusion such as: Trust  is an agreement that was developed in banking practice based on open systems and the principle of freedom of contract which adopted from Law of contract Based on the agreement, Banks as a trustee shall be liable for losses that incurred caused by Bank negligence in carrying out its functions. Given the concept of custody had unrecognized dual ownership in the Indonesian legal system; hence it is necessary to reform the civil law to accommodate trust activity. Keywords: Trust; dual-ownership; civil law.

ASAS KEPASTIAN HUKUM DAN ASAS KEBEBASAN BERKONTRAK SEBAGAI PERTIMBANGAN UTAMA DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERBANKAN SYARIAH (Kajian Yuridis Putusan MK Nomor 93/PUU-X/2012)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Edi Hudiata
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Judicial Review ◽  
Alternative Dispute Resolution ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Ideal Norm ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
Binding Force

Since the verdict of the Constitutional Court (MK) Number 93/PUU-X/2012 pronounced on Thursday, August 29, 2013, concerning the judicial review of Law No. 21 of 2008 on Islamic Banking, it is no longer dualism dispute resolution. The verdict as well as strengthen the jurisdiction of Religious Court to resolve Islamic banking disputes. In consideration of the judges, judges agreed stating that Article 55 paragraph (2) and (3) of Law No. 21 of 2008 which is an ideal norm, contains no constitutional problems. The problem is the explanation of the constitutional article 55 paragraph (2) of the Act. The emergence of the Constitutional Court verdict No. 93/PUU-X/2012 which substantially states that the explanation of Article 55 paragraph (2) of Law No. 21 of 2008 does not have binding force, basically does not violate the principle of freedom of contract which is common in contract law. The parties are allowed to make a dispute resolution agreement out of religious court based on provisions as Act No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution. Keywords: dispute resolution, legal certainty and the principle of freedom of contract

Analysis of Legal System and Public Policy on Rural Water Source in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 4126-4129
Author(s):  
Zhen Hua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Source of water is the beginning of rural drinking water projects, safe water source is the key to rural drinking water safety. Status of rural drinking water source in china and laws and regulations on rural water conservation were analyzed. The population of centralized water supply accounts for 51% of the total population in rural areas in 2008, centralized water supply 49%. Groundwater source accounts for 57% of the population of centralized water supply projects in rural areas in 2008, surface water sources 43%. China has a relatively sound legal system of drinking water source, including basic law, general law, administrative regulations, local regulations.The paper draws a conclusion that sources of drinking water in rural areas is mainly groundwater, water conservation is short of specific laws and regulations and not suitable for rural area,it is necessary to improve laws and regulations on rural water conservation, government must assume responsibility for rural water conservation, especially financial investment and public policy support.

scholarly journals The Transformation of DSN-MUI Fatwa in The Unit-Linked Products: A Contemporary Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-322
Author(s):  
Atik Abidah
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Laws And Regulations

This article aims to review more concretely how the fatwa position of DSN-MUI toward Sharia Insurance in Indonesia's legal system and how this fatwa is transformed by insurance companies in the form of Unit Link products. Researchers used library research methods, comparative and correlative approaches, and content analysis techniques to answer this. Based on the analysis, the position of the fatwa of DSN-MUI toward Sharia Insurance is hierarchically equivalent to the position of the laws and regulations based on the provisions stated in Article 1 paragraph 3 of Law No. 40 of 2014 on Insurance. Furthermore, from the aspect of transformation, it is found that there are three patterns of transformation used by insurance companies; there are patterns of adoption, expansion, and narrowing. The narrowing pattern is widely used because of the technical nature of the Unit Link. However, from the aspect of conformity with the fatwa, after the transformation process is carried out, especially in the fatwa of the DSN-MUI regarding wakalah bil ujrah by expanding the meaning of ujrah, it is resulted in deviations from sharia principles, especially considering the types of ujrah as stated in a limited manner in the fatwa. wakalah bil ujrah. This research contributes to providing a way to resolve the implementation of Unit Link.Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengulas secara lebih konkrit bagaimana posisi fatwa DSN-MUI tentang Asuransi Syariah dalam sistem hukum di Indonesia dan bagaimana fatwa ini ditransformasikan oleh perusahaan asuransi dalam produk unit link. Untuk menjawab hal ini, peneliti menggunakan metode library research, pendekatan komparatif dan korelatif serta teknik content analysis. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedudukan fatwa DSN-MUI tentang Asuransi Syariah secara hierarkis setara dengan kedudukan peraturan perundang-undangan berdasarkan ketentuan yang tersurat dalam Pasal 1 ayat 3 UU No. 40 Tahun 2014 tentang Perasuransian. Selanjutnya, dari aspek transformasi, ditemukan tiga pola transformasi yang digunakan oleh perusahaan asuransi yakni pola adopsi, perluasan, dan penyempitan. Pola penyempitan banyak digunakan lantaran sifat teknis dari unit link. Sedangkan dari aspek kesesuaian dengan fatwa setelah dilakukan proses transformasi, khususnya dalam fatwa DSN-MUI tentang wakalah bil ujrah dengan melakukan perluasan makna ujrah mengakibatkan adanya penyimpangan terhadap prinsip syariah khususnya tentang jenis ujrah sebagaimana disebutkan secara limitatif dalam fatwa wakalah bil ujrah. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memberikan jalan penyelesaian implementasi unit link yang selama ini dianggap bermasalah.

scholarly journals Pancasila sebagai Sumber Hukum dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Fais Yonas Bo’a
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Legal Pluralism ◽  
New Order ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
National Legal System ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Binding Power ◽  
Laws And Regulations

Pancasila sebagai sumber segala sumber hukum sudah mendapatkan legitimasi secara yuridis melalui TAP MPR Nomor XX/MPRS/1966 tentang Memorandum DPR-GR Mengenai Sumber Tertib Hukum Republik Indonesia dan Tata Urutan Peraturan Perundang Republik Indonesia. Setelah reformasi, keberadaan Pancasila tersebut kembali dikukuhkan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 2004 yang kemudian diganti dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. Pancasila sebagai sumber segala sumber hukum memberi makna bahwa sistem hukum nasional wajib berlandaskan Pancasila. Akan tetapi, keberadaan Pancasila tersebut semakin tergerus dalam sistem hukum nasional. Hal demikian dilatarbelakangi oleh tiga alasan yaitu: pertama, adanya sikap resistensi terhadap Orde Baru yang memanfaatkan Pancasila demi kelanggengan kekuasaan yang bersifat otoriter. Kedua, menguatnya pluralisme hukum yang mengakibatkan terjadinya kontradiksi-kontradiksi atau disharmonisasi hukum. Ketiga, status Pancasila tersebut hanya dijadikan simbol dalam hukum. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan upaya-upaya untuk menerapkan Pancasila sebagai sumber segala sumber hukum dalam sistem hukum nasional yaitu: pertama, menjadikan Pancasila sebagai suatu aliran hukum agar tidak terjadi lagi disharmonisasi hukum akibat diterapkannya pluralisme hukum. Kedua, mendudukkan Pancasila sebagai puncak peraturan perundang-undangan agar Pancasila memiliki daya mengikat terhadap segala jenis peraturan perundang-undangan sehingga tidak melanggar asas lex superiori derogat legi inferiori.Pancasila as the source of all sources of law has obtained legitimacy legally through the Decree of the People’s Consultative Assembly Number XX / MPRS / 1966 on the Memorandum of the House of Representatives-Gotong Royong Regarding the Sources of Law and the Order of the Republic of Indonesia. After the reformation, the existence of Pancasila was re-confirmed in Law Number 10 Year 2004 which was subsequently replaced by Law Number 12 Year 2011 on Legislation Regulation. Pancasila as the source of all sources of law gives meaning that the national legal system must be based on Pancasila. However, now the existence of Pancasila is increasingly eroded in the national legal system. This is motivated by three reasons: first, the existence of resistance to the New Order that utilizes Pancasila for the sake of perpetuity of authoritarian power. Second, the strengthening of legal pluralism that resulted in legal contradictions or disharmony. Third, the status of Pancasila is only used as a symbol in law. Therefore, efforts should be made to implement Pancasila as the source of all sources of law in the national legal system: first, make Pancasila as a flow of law in order to avoid legal disharmonization due to the application of legal pluralism. Secondly, Pretend Pancasila as the top of legislation so that Pancasila have binding power against all kinds of laws and regulations so that it does not violate the principle of lex superiori derogat legi inferiori.

scholarly journals Juridical Review Of Nominee Agreement In Land Of Tenure Property Rights Under The Book Of Civil Law And Agraria

Jurnal Akta ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 441
Author(s):  
Indah Esti Cahyani ◽  
Aryani Witasari
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
Related Statement ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
Legal Consequences

Nominee agreement is an agreement made between someone who by law can not be the subject of rights to certain lands (property rights), in this case that foreigners (WNA) and Indonesian Citizen (citizen), with the intention that the foreigners can master land de facto property rights, but legal-formal (de jure) land property rights are assigned to his Indonesian citizen. The purpose of this paper isto assess the position of the nominee agreement in Indonesia's legal system and the legal consequences arising in terms of the draft Civil Code and the Law on Agrarian. Agreement is an agreement unnamed nominee made based on the principle of freedom of contract and good faith of the parties. However, it should be noted that the law prohibits foreigners make agreements / related statement stock wealth / property (land) for and on behalf of others, sehingga the legal consequences of the agreement is the nominee of the agreement is not legally enforceable because the agreement was made on a false causa.Keywords: Nominee Agreement; Property Rights; Foreigners.

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