scholarly journals To the Issue of Editing the New Technical Terminology

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Liana Sutidze ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Petrol Station ◽  
Scientific Terminology ◽  
Axis Axis ◽  
Editorial Work ◽  
Axis Of Symmetry ◽  
Technical Terms

Georgian technical terminology (Georgian-Russian and Russian-Georgian parts of it) became obsolete long ago and cannot correspond to the modern demands. This terminology needs not only to renew but change structurally. The growing progress of modern communication and information technologies demands updating of the scientific terminology in general and of the technical terminology particularly. It is obvious that foreign terms took their place not only in speech but in the scientific literature as well. The examples of terminology using which we meet in our everyday life, especially when reading or listening to the ads,are absolutely unacceptable. For example, the ads propose us to restore so called rulevoi – from the Russian руль (steering wheel); they also suggest the grids against grokhot – that is грохот in Russian (clatter) and so on; as usual, technical terms in ads are always given in Russian, sometimes in some other languages, but almost nobody uses Georgian technical terms. Unfortunately, sometimes already existed terminology also favors using untranslated terms such as: bremsbergi (bremsberg – cross entry); versori (versor- a unit length), lafeti (lafet – gun carriage) and many others. True, it is impossible to translate all of the foreign terms always and only in Georgian. Some of such terms may be included in the new technical terminology unchanged, without translation. It is especially conditioned by the fact that nowadays a huge stream of the foreign terms floods the Georgian language. If we want the term and its function be easy to understand and use, then the new technical terminology should be arranged in the form of the explanatory dictionary without so called headwords; this will enable us to avoid diverse interpretations of the terms in the technical literature and manuals. We suggest here some faults found in the existed terminology which are absolutely necessary to improve during editorial work. Many terms need to refine: not იგრიხებადი (crooking) but გრეხადი (crookable); იწვებადი – წვადი (burning – burnable) and some others. Synonymic terms should be used without non-Georgian corresponding words: for example, we meet in the technical terminological dictionaries such pairs as: შკაფი — კარადა (a wardrobe – in Russian and in Georgian); შოფერი — მძღოლი (a driver); შოფერი — მექანიკოსი (driver-mechanic); სკრაიბერი — საკაწრელი (scriber). Besides that, some terms which denote the notions which we classify as visible and invisible should merge, e.g. ღერძი (axis) - Axis can be a part of a car, an eye, also axis of symmetry, of coordinates and so on; also არხი (channel) – it can be in melioration, in television and so on. Some obsolete terms should be extracted from terminological dictionaries, such as: бензозаправочная колонка (Rus.) - ბენზინის ჩასასხმელი სვეტი // ბენზინის ჩასასხმელი; there must be ბენზინგასამართი (Petrol station).

scholarly journals �REPRESSED� TERMS IN TRANSLATION DICTIONARIES OF UKRAINIAN TERMINOLOGICAL SCHOOLS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana H. Lytvyn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technical Committee ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Scientific Terminology ◽  
The Common ◽  
Space Sciences ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Technical Terms

This article elucidates a problem of restoring ideologically removed terminological units to modern technical terminology. �Russian-Ukrainian dictionary of scientific terminology. Mathematics. Physics. Earth and Space Sciences�, published in Kyiv in 1998, �Defining Russian-Ukrainian-English Dictionary of Energy� edited by A. Rudnik, published in Kharkiv in 1999 and �Russian-Ukrainian Dictionary of Engineering Technologies� from the terminographic series Word World, published in Lviv in 2013 were analyzed. �Repressed� terms have been found in all analyzed lexicographic works, prepared and published by various Ukrainian schools. Having analyzed the term material of these terminological works, it has been noted that all the authors of mentioned dictionaries reasonably continue to revive the authentic Ukrainian terms. The purpose of the article is to identify tendencies of standardization of Ukrainian technical terminology, common for domestic terminological schools, on the basis of the analysis of �repressed� terms recorded in modern lexicographical works. In the dictionary article they clearly put terms on the first place, that are recommended by the permanent scientific terminological seminar of the Technical Committee for Standardization of Scientific and Technical Terminology of Derzhspozhyvstandart and the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, as well as the requirements of the State Standard. It was discovered that lexicographers of Lviv Polytechnic consistently continue the traditions of Ukrainian terminologists of the 1920s, who were employees of the Institute of Scientific Language of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, and use methods of describing terminological material typical for the �golden decade� Ukrainian terminology. Descriptive-analytical and comparative methods are applied in the study, according to which the observation of the analyzed lexicographic material is generalized, in particular, the terms that were removed from the Ukrainian technical terminology in the 30s of the twentieth century by terminological bulletins are described. The structural method contributes to the description of word-forming affixes of the studied terms. Analytical and synthetic elaboration of terminographic sources is used to shed light on the historiography of this issue. Based on the analytical-synthetic elaboration of lexicographic works of three domestic terminological schools, the article reveals the following common tendencies of standardization of Ukrainian technical terminology: return to the terminology of unfairly forgotten or forcibly removed nominations; creation of new terms according to Ukrainian word-forming models, restoration of etymological writing and sounding of technical terms; arranging scientific and technical dictionaries by teams of authors � specialists in various technical fields and terminographs; the common position of domestic terminological schools is to focus on the native language soil, taking into account the achievements of previous generations.

scholarly journals Application of the infor mation technology methods in the study of technical terms of industrial equipment of the 18 th century o n the example of semantic fields (based on IS "Semograph" and program "

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Ya. Yu. Mukoseeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Industrial Equipment ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Mation Technology ◽  
Technical Terms ◽  
Infor Mation

Based on the information technologies and the semantic fields for the technical terms of industrial enterprises of the XVIII century were investigated. The field analysis was carried out according to three sources containing the terms of industrial equipment the travel notes of the leaders of the Orenburg scientific detachments. The study of semantic fields was carried out on the basis of the Semograph information system and the SciVi visual analytic program. Using the example of the semantic fields Industrial enterprise and Industrial equipment studied the relationships between the fields, the volume and the weight of terms included in the field.

Lexico-stylistic features of scientific terminology in technical texts: lingovodidactic aspect

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
T. Kurmanbayeva ◽  
◽  
D. Shaibakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Practical Work ◽  
Scientific Terminology ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Approach To Teaching ◽  
Technical Terms

In modern didactics, there is a whole theory of competency-based approach to teaching disciplines. The article discusses the problems of the formation of professional competence оf students when learning vocabulary of a foreign language on the basis of texts of a technical specialty. The main goal is the assimilation of the lexical and stylistic features of scientific terminology in technical texts for practical work in the specialty, in our case, the field of energy. Texts and assignments are proposed that take into account the indication of scientific and technical terms, drawing up logical circuits, the ability to draw conclusions, find arguments, etc.

Lay Summaries of Papers for Volume 1 Issue 2

1995 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-139
Author(s):  
J Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Scientific Terminology ◽  
Independent Confirmation ◽  
Scientific Research Activity ◽  
Technical Terms

These summaries, which are intended as a guide to current scientific research activity, are directed mainly at lay readers and as such they contain less technical scientific terminology and jargon than the original articles. The uneven length of the summaries is not a measure of their relative importance, rather it results from variation in the difficulty of explaining technical terms and concepts. For comprehensive details of the issues, methods, results and interpretations you are strongly advised to refer to the original article. Remember also that the published results of any single investigation should not be considered as definitive, or be interpreted in isolation, or reported out of context. Progress in the understanding of MS, as in any other field of science, requires critical debate and of ten must await independent confirmation offindings.

Names as Rewards

Nuncius ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Beretta
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Scientific Terminology ◽  
The One ◽  
Technical Terms

Abstract Contemporary scientific terminology is populated by thousands of eponyms, technical terms derived from the names of discoverers and inventors. Since the ultimate goals of scientific language are precision and objectivity, the ever increasing use of eponyms is puzzling. Eponyms betray the inherent contradiction between the supposed neutrality and anonymity of scientific discourse and individual vindication. The systematic use of eponyms has resulted in one of the most effective reward systems in Western science. Moreover, it is interesting to note that eponyms do not represent a recent form of recognition; their genealogy can be traced back to classical antiquity, in particular to the Hellenistic era and as a feature of the scientific lexicon they have undergone surprisingly little change over more than two millennia. In my essay I explore the genealogy of scientific eponyms and their cultural background and I shall focus my attention on classical and early modern science. During classical antiquity the use of eponyms served an important dual purpose, on the one hand paying tribute to those individuals who, by dint of their discoveries and written works, gained eminence in a specific field of enquiry, and on the other hand helping to map the historical geography of a discipline and thus establish its boundaries as well as its future prospects. During the Renaissance, with the rediscovery of the classics and the reaffirmation of the cultural value of science and technology, the coining of eponyms gained unprecedented momentum and proliferated in most disciplines.

scholarly journals Ethnopedagogy: The Term and Content

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
Ildikó Sándor
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Scientific Terminology ◽  
Logical Operations ◽  
Folk Tradition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Technical Terms

Abstract Introduction: This study reviews the most commonly used Hungarian terminology of pedagogical folklorism terms, their interpretations and the conceptual debates around them, as well as the possible imprecisions related to them. With the help of Hungarian and international examples, it places the technical terms of the ethnography-folk tradition-pedagogy triangle into a system and finally, it gives recommendations on the scientific terminology to be used to describe the phenomenon. Purpose: The focus of this contribution is to create a system in the expressions that refer to the relationship between folk tradition and pedagogy and to carry out the systematisation of pedagogical activities related to folk tradition/ethnography and to rethink them in a modern and terminology-critical manner. Methods: In the present study, we applied source analysis, content analysis, logical operations (analysis, synthesis, comparison). Conclusions: Researchers of the issues at the intersection of pedagogy, ethnography, ethnology and anthropology have more or less consistently been applying the term ethnopedagogy for this interdisciplinary research area. It would be expedient to carry out the systematization of pedagogical activities related to folk tradition/ethnography and to rethink them in a modern and terminology-critical manner with the introduction of the term “ethnopedagogy.” This term may be able to connect the partially overlapping, sometimes parallel (at others, contradicting) terms related to the pedagogy of folk tradition without the risk of homogenisation.

Some Class Formants in Technical Literature

Babel ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-104
Author(s):  
Rolf Tonndorf
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Engineering ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Passive Voice ◽  
Actual Frequency ◽  
Actual Usage ◽  
Patent Applications ◽  
Target Languages ◽  
Imperative Mood ◽  
Technical Terms

Summary At attempt is made to classify the bulk of scientific and technical literature. It is found that each class is governed by a varying set of linguistic formants; thus, for instance, the class of Instructions for Operation is characterized, among other things, by the use of the imperative mood in English, the infinitive in Russian, and the passive voice in German. Examples are given to show the application of class formants in actual work. While some classes are briefly sketched and some others only mentioned for the sake of a survey of all technical literature (books, congress papers, articles for journals, patent applications, invoices, etc.), one class—the Descriptive Leaflet —is investigated in greater detail. The class formants listed apply only to English and German as source and target languages; other class formants may apply to other languages. The examples were taken from actual work in the field of electrical engineering. The references were selected with the view of famil-iarizing the translator with the actual usage, i. e. the actual frequency of technical terms in their context.

scholarly journals Usage of information technologies for increasing quality of transport operations

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Mikhail Shulyak ◽  
Oksana Pankova ◽  
Ivan Kolesnik ◽  
Kirill Sirovitskiy ◽  
Evgen Gaek
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Steering Control ◽  
Motion Direction ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Traffic Corridor ◽  
Operations Account ◽  
Crop And Livestock Production

Among the whole cycle of interconnected technological operations for crop and livestock production, transport operations play a significant part: transportation of seed grain, forage, fertilizers, product transportation to storage and selling places. Transport operations account for 15-25% of the production cost. According to the analysis of recent research, the development and introduction of new methods for ensuring the quality and safety of production. For a tractor on transport works the task of increasing the functional precision at which it is solved its deviation from the roadway configuration (traffic corridor) during the movement is assessed. In this case the problem for short-term one-time and repeated, long-term discrete and continuous impact of the driver on the tractor steering control is solved. For these operating modes of a tractor during transport works, the methodology of functional stability providing of a hydro-level steering control is substantiated. Based on the reasoned analytical model of the tractor spin during transport works, an express method of diagnosing the technical state of the tractor steering has been elaborated. It is based on the comparison of the angular accelerations of the tractor and the steering wheel when the motion direction is changed or adjusted.

scholarly journals Improvement of the optical method for researching the contact stresses during the forging

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
I. V. Dobrov ◽  
A. V. Semichev
Keyword(s):  
Contact Surface ◽  
Optical Method ◽  
Plane Deformation ◽  
Contact Stresses ◽  
Normal Stresses ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Axis Of Symmetry ◽  
High Plastic

Dobrov I. V., Semichev A. V. Improvement of the optical method for researching the contact stresses during the forging. Material working by pressure. 2020. № 1 (50). Р. 24-27. The analysis of the results of experimental resarch of contact normal stresses during the forging of a symmetrical workpiece under conditions of plane deformation performed by the tensometric method is carried out. It is shown that when comparing the combined graphs of the distribution of contact normal stresses along the symmetry axis of the workpiece, depending on the position of the considered section of the workpiece relative to the length (diameter) of the contact surface, presented in the technical literature, it is necessary to take into account the real change in the dimensions of the contact surface during forging of the initial workpiece with different degrees of deformation. An optical method for research of the distribution of contact normal stresses during forging under conditions of plane deformation of a symmetric workpiece made of a material with high plastic properties, which during forging, flows into holes of equal diameter, located along the axis of symmetry at an equal distance from each other in the diaphanous puncheon of new design. The results of experimental expand the physical understanding of the nature of the redistribution of normal contact stresses during forging and qualitatively coincide with the results of load cell measurements of normal contact stresses in real conditions presented in the scientific and technical literature.

scholarly journals Modern English Classical Scientific Terminology

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Pérez Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Greek Language ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
New Words ◽  
Scientific Terminology ◽  
El Alto ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Technical Terms

El objetivo principal es mostrar la introducción de préstamos clásicos en la terminología científica del Inglés Moderno debido a la influencia que ejercen en el inglés como resultado de la importancia de la lengua, cultura y literatura greco-latinas, su amplia aceptación y su carácter internacional. El alto grado de especialización obliga a los científicos de los siglos XVIII y XIX a adquirir tecnicismos clásicos. Estas nuevas palabras (sobre la división de la ciencia en nuevas ramas y sus sub-ramas, matemáticas, física y química) se registran por primera vez en la lengua literaria y en los escritos científico-técnicos de este perido.Palabras clave: Préstamos clásicos - terminología científica - Inglés Moderno.ABSTRACTThe main aim is to show the introduction of classical loanwords into the scientific terminology of Modern English due to the influence they exert in English as a result of the importance of Latin and Greek language, culture and literature, their extensive acceptance and their international nature. The high degree of specialization forces 18th c. and 19th c. scientists to acquire classical technical terms. These new words (concerning the division of science into new branches and their sub-branches, mathematics, physics and chemistry) are recorded in the literary language and in scientific and technical writings of this period.Key words: Classical loanwords - scientific terminology - Modern English

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