A CASE OF PARAQUAT POISONING PRESENTING WITH MULTIORGAN DYSFUNCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-60
Author(s):  
Venkata sai suhas Yadlapati ◽  
Nirmala Devi ◽  
V.R.Mohan Rao
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem

Ÿ Self-poisoning with pesticides is a major public health problem in developing countries with an estimated 300 000 deaths each year.Very high case fatality (>50%) - due both to its inherent toxicity and the lack of early diagnosis and effective treatment.Though it is easily availabile, poisoning with this toxin is not common. Fatal dose of paraquat is so trivial that >10 ml poison can damage lungs permanently. Ÿ In this context we present a fatal case of 30 yr old male patient who have consumed paraquat and presented with extensive complication of acute kidney injury, and lung injury and liver disease.

Acute Pituitary Apoplexy following Snake Bite: A Rare but Treatable Complication

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 397-399
Author(s):  
Narendrakumar Barad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Pituitary Apoplexy ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Snake Bite ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
Russell’S Viper ◽  
Public Health Hazards

AbstractPoisonous snake bite is one of the important public health hazards in developing countries, such as India, where majority of the population resides in rural areas. Among various poisonous species of snakes, Russell's viper venom causes neurotoxicity, myotoxicity, hemolysis, and coagulopathies leading to shock and acute kidney injury. Pituitary apoplexy causing acute hypopituitarism is an extremely rare but treatable complication following viper bite. Here in, we report the case of a 14-year-old boy admitted with Russell's viper bite complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), acute kidney injury, and pituitary apoplexy with secondary acute hypopituitarism.

scholarly journals An Overview of Management of Cancer Approach with Medical and Dental Considerations

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. RV6-RV8
Author(s):  
Debashis Roy ◽  
Najmus Sahar ◽  
Pradeep Tangade ◽  
Surbhi Priyadarshi ◽  
Mushahid Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cancer Management

This review emphasizes about making the members of the professional Colleges aware of some important aspects of oral cancer in particular & cancer of body in general and its impact on the Dental Surgeons to be a part of the weapon against fighting this devastating disease. Cancer is the major public health problem affecting developed and developing countries. Therefore this review focusses on cancer management by taking into mind dental and medical considerations.

scholarly journals Modern Aspects in the Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Breast Cancer in Early Stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Andrei Moisin ◽  
Ciprian Tănăsescu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Common Cancer

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and a major public health problem, affecting 2.1 million women each year globally and causing the highest number of cancer-related deaths among women. In 2018, an estimated 627,000 women died from breast cancer (about 15% of all cancer deaths among women). To improve survival, early detection is essential. There are two strategies for early detection of breast cancer: early diagnosis and screening.(1) In Romania, the latest statistics show a higher incidence of breast cancer compared to the European average of 7929 new cases / year with a mortality of 3101 deaths / year.(2)

scholarly journals Obesity: from molecules to man

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Jebb
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Human Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Defects ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Uk

Obesity is now a major public health problem in both developed and developing countries. In the UK over 16 % men and 17.5 % women are obese, an increase of more than 100 % since 1980. However, interventions to prevent and treat obesity are hampered by an inadequate understanding of the aetiology of this condition. The present paper considers the current state of knowledge regarding the causes of obesity, including some of the genetic, metabolic, behavioural and environmental factors which influence energy balance. The present paper comprises The Nutrition Society Medal Lecture and focuses in particular on the research carried out at the MRC Dunn Nutrition Centre in Cambridge. It argues that despite decades of intensive research there is relatively little evidence of genetic or metabolic defects to explain the majority of cases of human obesity. Instead we must look to behavioural and/or environmental factors which may be underpinning the current epidemic of obesity.

scholarly journals Dengue Infections in Colombia: Epidemiological Trends of a Hyperendemic Country

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Hernando Gutierrez-Barbosa ◽  
Sandra Medina-Moreno ◽  
Juan C. Zapata ◽  
Joel V. Chua
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Notification Rate ◽  
Epidemiological Trends

Dengue is a major public health problem in hyperendemic countries like Colombia, the understanding of the epidemiological trends is important for the development of efficient public health policies. We conducted a systematic review of the epidemiologic data on dengue in Colombia from 1971 to 2020. A total of 375 relevant citations were identified, 36 of which fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The data of dengue and severe dengue cases, infection fatality rate, and serotype distribution were used to understand and identify gaps in the epidemiological knowledge in Colombia. The epidemiology of dengue in this country was characterized by five main outbreaks in 1998, 2002, 2010, 2013, and 2019 with high fatality rates in comparison with the average values reported in the Americas. The case fatality rate of severe dengue exceeded 2% and all four serotypes co-circulate throughout the country with some regional variations. Overall, the behavior of dengue in Colombia is influenced by multiple factors including seasonal temperature variation and socioeconomic conditions. Additionally, the most important barriers in the epidemiological surveillance of dengue may be due to the insufficient notification rate in some regions and the low active search for the circulation of different serotypes.

scholarly journals Acute Kidney Injury due to Russell’s Viper Envenomation: First Documented Case in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-46
Author(s):  
B. Bartaula ◽  
B. Shah ◽  
N. Bhurtel ◽  
S.K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Russell’S Viper ◽  
Adequate Management

Snake bite, is a significant public health problem and medical emergency in tropical countries including Nepal. Acute renal failure is one of the devastating complications of Russell’s viper envenoming which may cause death of patient in the absence of prompt and adequate management. Treatment with anti-venom and hemodialysis can salvage the patient. Although Russell’s viper is widely distributed in Nepal, AKI due to Russell’s viper envenoming was not reported previously from Nepal.

scholarly journals GLOBAL OBESITY AND PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-44
Author(s):  
Iftikhar Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
Developed World

Obesity is rapidly becoming a major public health problem in many parts of the world, including Pakistan. Developed world is viewing a huge switchover from acute and communicable diseases to the chronic and non-communicable diseases. However many developing countries including Pakistan, experience the double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Study of prevalence of maternal anaemia and its fetal outcome at rural tertiary care centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4077
Author(s):  
Vandana Verma ◽  
Soniya Vishwakarma ◽  
Ramesh Chand ◽  
Umesh Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Anaemia is a major public health problem especially among low socioeconomic class of the population in developing countries. Prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women in developing countries is 51%. Anaemia is defined by the WHO as haemoglobin levels of less than 11 gm. %   in pregnancy. The present study was aimed to find out prevalence of anaemia in rural tertiary care centre to see the foetal outcome in anaemic women.Methods: This is a retrospective observational study done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of medical sciences Saifai, Etawah from June 2017 to November 2017. All the women admitted to labour room in third trimester and delivered here were included in the study excluding the patients with pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, heart disease, patients with other medical disorders and patients with twin pregnancy, antepartum haemorrhage and the patients who did not deliver here.Results: Prevalence of anaemia was 87.3 %. severe anaemia was found in 3.5 % women. The percentage of preterm births was more in anaemic women that is 16.9 %.Conclusions: Anaemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem in India. The number of IUGR and LBW babies were more in anaemic women. Anaemia is related to serious consequences in mother and baby if not diagnosed and treated timely. It can be prevented by increasing the awareness regarding need of iron intake during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Clinical Significance of Hypocalcaemia in Malaria: An Experience from Coastal Karnataka, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash N Shetty ◽  
Akshatha Rao Aroor ◽  
Archana Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance

Introduction: Malaria is a major public health problem leading to significant morbidity and mortality in endemic regions. Malaria is a major public health problem in India, which contributes significantly to the overall malaria burden in Southeast Asia. Data on significance of hypocalcaemia in malaria is scarce. Aim: To correlate hypocalcaemia with the complications in malaria. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at Father Muller Medical College in Coastal Karnataka between January 2018 to June 2019. Patients diagnosed as malaria by peripheral smear were included. Serum calcium level was measured in all the patients and calcium levels <8.4 mg/dL was considered as hypocalcaemia. This was correlated with the complications such as jaundice, acute kidney injury, cerebral malaria, shock, multiorgan dysfunction and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in malaria. Data were analysed using frequency, percentages, Chi-square test, student t-test, relative risk estimation and Receiver operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: A total of seventy five patients with malaria were included in the study. Majority were in the age group of 21-30 years (30.6%), with a male predominance (53 patients, 70.67%). Among these patients, complications were documented in 18 (24%) of them. Hypocalcaemia was seen in 25 patients (33.3%) among whom 13 (52%) had complications. The association of hypocalcaemia with the complications was statistically highly significant (p=0.001). Patients with hypocalcaemia had a relative risk of 9.75% (2.901-32.766, 95% CI) for developing complications. With ROC analysis, the calcium value cut-off for complications was 8.25 with a sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 86%. Calcium reverted to normal in all patients after recovery from complications. Conclusion: Hypocalcaemia had a significant association with high specificity for complications in malaria.

scholarly journals Appropriate prenatal care system: the best way to prevent preeclampsia in Andean countries.

1969 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-230
Author(s):  
Patricio López Jaramillo ◽  
Ronald García ◽  
Laura Reyes ◽  
Silvia Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Andean Countries

The main cause of maternal mortality in Colombia is preeclampsia; even though it is a major public health problem its etiology and physiopathology remain unknown. However it is believed that endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in the development of this disease. Many clinical trials have been carried out to demonstrate the effect of certain interventions to prevent preeclampsia and improve pregnancy outcomes. Our hypothesis is that the reduction of preeclampsia risk could be achieved through an appropriate health system that would provide an opportune and effective prenatal care to pregnant women allowing early diagnosis and treatment of frequent nutritional and health related problems.

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