scholarly journals BIO-HYDROGEN PRODUCTION USING BACILLUS SP. FROM SUGARCANE (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM)

2021 ◽  
pp. 171-172
Author(s):  
Sivasankari. B ◽  
Panchavarnam. V ◽  
Ganesh. S

The bacterial strains were isolated from cow dung sample. The predominant bacterial strain was identified based on the various biochemical characterstics as Bacillus sp. Then the bacterial strain was employed for hydrogen production using water displacement metod. 500 ml of water was displaced at 6.8 pH in 24 hours by hydrogen gas produced by Bacillus sp., using sugarcane juice. The more amount of water is being displaced by Bacillus sp. at a pH 7.5 (785 ml) in 24 hours compared to the other pH conditions, pH 4.5 (410 ml), 5.5 (520 ml), 6.5 (700 ml), and 8.5 (730 ml) in sugarcane juice. The estimation of water displacement by hydrogen gas was upto 11 days using sweet sorghum juice employing Bacillus sp

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Aswathy Chandran ◽  
Dr.S.Sujatha Jeyapaul

     The present research work has clearly denoted as initially estimation of physic-chemical properties of the experimental hydrocarbon contaminated soil. The texture of the soil plays a very important role in microbial and plant species establishment and development and also influences physical parameters of the soil. The current results are clearly showed experimental soil of the hydrocarbon contaminated soil possessed totally eight different autochthonus bacterial strains were provably identified viz., Acinetobacter, Mycobacterium sp., Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Aeromonas sp., observed by Bergy’s Manual. When this experimental soil was remediated with two biological sources such as four allothonus bacterial strains named as Enterobacter sp., Flavobacter sp.,  Shigella sp., and Bacillus sp., along with agronomic wastes also addition with neem juice. From the present result showed that Enterobacter sp., subjected polluted soil was remediated maximum than other treated sources assessed by spectrometric data. While, the biofilm formation experiment also been definitely expressed biodegradation potential enriched allothonus bacterial strain was the following order Enterobacter sp., Flavobacter sp.,  Shigella sp., and Bacillus sp.,. Moreover, other interesting finding also had been profounded such as dominant Antagonistic activity potential possessed autochthonus bacterial strain from the hydrocarbon contaminated soil. It has been identified through the molecular identification those typical organism expressed the named as ‘’Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA96’’by 16sr RNA sequence analysis. Additionaly maximum and maximum antagonistic activity has been noticed on E.coli, more or less similar zone of inhibition showed on other bacterial species of Shijella sp., and K. pneumonia.  Moreover, HPLC results were almost elucidated fractions of hydrocarbon compounds thoroughly replied total illustrated chemical compounds are gradually minimized, when the heavy contaminated soils subjected with other bacterial sources along with various agronomic wastes.  It has been significantly reduced the spectrum of the total hydrocarbon derivatives when it compared with before treatment of the contaminated soils. Therefore, these allothonous bacterial organism Enterobacter sp., strains could be considered for future use for bioremediation of oil contaminated land. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the potential of the isolated strains to degrade hydrocarbons in situ, in natural environmental conditions. This could be equally applicable for any allothonously present or other bacterial strains ubiquitously available in nature, and the technology could be further developed for targeting of any pollutants present on earth creating enormous environmental and health hazards.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2136
Author(s):  
Karl Sohlberg

Extraction of hydrogen from hydrocarbons is a logical intermediate-term solution for the escalating worldwide demand for hydrogen. This work explores the possibility of using a single membrane to accomplish both the catalytic dehydrogenation and physical separation of hydrogen gas as a possible way to improve the efficiency of hydrogen production from hydrocarbon sources. The present analysis shows that regions of pressure/temperature space exist for which the overall process is thermodynamically spontaneous (ΔG < 0). Each step in the process is based on known physics. The rate of hydrogen production is likely to be controlled by the barrier to hydrogen abstraction, with the density of H-binding sites also playing a role. A critical materials issue will be the strength of the oxide/metal interface.


Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Ken-ichi Fujita ◽  
Takayoshi Inoue ◽  
Toshiki Tanaka ◽  
Jaeyoung Jeong ◽  
Shohichi Furukawa ◽  
...  

A new catalytic system has been developed for hydrogen production from various monosaccharides, mainly glucose, as a starting material under reflux conditions in water in the presence of a water-soluble dicationic iridium complex bearing a functional bipyridine ligand. For example, the reaction of D-glucose in water under reflux for 20 h in the presence of [Cp*Ir(6,6′-dihydroxy-2,2′-bipyridine)(H2O)][OTf]2 (1.0 mol %) (Cp*: pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, OTf: trifluoromethanesulfonate) resulted in the production of hydrogen gas in 95% yield. In the present catalytic reaction, it was experimentally suggested that dehydrogenation of the alcoholic moiety at 1-position of glucose proceeded.


Author(s):  
Ewa Baranowska-Wójcik ◽  
Dominik Szwajgier ◽  
Klaudia Gustaw

AbstractFood-grade titanium dioxide (TiO2) containing a nanoparticle fraction (TiO2 NPs-nanoparticles) is widely used as a food additive (E171 in the EU). In recent years, questions concerning its effect on the gastrointestinal microbiota have been raised. In the present study, we examined interactions between bacteria and TiO2. The study involved six pathogenic/opportunistic bacterial strains and four different-sized TiO2 types: three types of food-grade E171 compounds and TiO2 NPs (21 nm). Each bacterial strain was exposed to four concentrations of TiO2 (60, 150, 300, and 600 mg/L TiO2). The differences in the growth of the analyzed strains, caused by the type and concentration of TiO2, were observed. The growth of a majority of the strains was shown to be inhibited after exposure to 300 and 600 mg/L of the food-grade E171 and TiO2 NPs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Emmi Välimäki ◽  
Lasse Yli-Varo ◽  
Henrik Romar ◽  
Ulla Lassi

The hydrogen economy will play a key role in future energy systems. Several thermal and catalytic methods for hydrogen production have been presented. In this review, methane thermocatalytic and thermal decomposition into hydrogen gas and solid carbon are considered. These processes, known as the thermal decomposition of methane (TDM) and thermocatalytic decomposition (TCD) of methane, respectively, appear to have the greatest potential for hydrogen production. In particular, the focus is on the different types and properties of carbons formed during the decomposition processes. The applications for carbons are also investigated.


2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki MURAKAMI ◽  
Atsuhiko TERADA ◽  
Tetsuo NISHIHARA ◽  
Yoshiyuki INAGAKI ◽  
Kazuhiko KUNITOMI

1969 ◽  
Vol 172 (1029) ◽  
pp. 417-437 ◽  

Soon after the isolation of nodule bacteria in 1888, differences were recognized in the ability of bacterial strains to form nodules on particular host plants and in the nitrogen-fixing ability of the nodules so formed. These and other symbiotic heterogeneities were attributed, sometimes correctly, to bacterial strain differences, not then thought to be open to formal genetic analysis. The realization that the host plant was an essential component of this variability came only gradually, stimulated by observations of host varietal differences and by the demand for reliable and homogeneous material for experimental work. Only within the last two decades has host variability been studied by plant breeding, and bacterial strain differences by some of the methods of microbial genetics. This review, except for a brief reference to earlier work of some historic interest, will consider only genetic problems open to investigation by these methods. The developmental sequence in all legume nodules is broadly similar. The initial infection phases are followed by the induction of the nodule, the invasion of part of the nodular tissue and culminate in bacteroid formation and nitrogen fixation; the genetics of symbiosis will be considered in this context.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 2178
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Turnau ◽  
Edyta Fiałkowska ◽  
Rafał Ważny ◽  
Piotr Rozpądek ◽  
Grzegorz Tylko ◽  
...  

Our observations of predatory fungi trapping rotifers in activated sludge and laboratory culture allowed us to discover a complicated trophic network that includes predatory fungi armed with bacteria and bacteriophages and the rotifers they prey on. Such a network seems to be common in various habitats, although it remains mostly unknown due to its microscopic size. In this study, we isolated and identified fungi and bacteria from activated sludge. We also noticed abundant, virus-like particles in the environment. The fungus developed absorptive hyphae within the prey. The bacteria showed the ability to enter and exit from the hyphae (e.g., from the traps into the caught prey). Our observations indicate that the bacteria and the fungus share nutrients obtained from the rotifer. To narrow the range of bacterial strains isolated from the mycelium, the effects of bacteria supernatants and lysed bacteria were studied. Bacteria isolated from the fungus were capable of immobilizing the rotifer. The strongest negative effect on rotifer mobility was shown by a mixture of Bacillus sp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The involvement of bacteriophages in rotifer hunting was demonstrated based on molecular analyses and was discussed. The described case seems to be an extraordinary quadruple microbiological puzzle that has not been described and is still far from being understood.


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