scholarly journals INDUCTION OF EFFECTORS OF INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY IN THE PROCESS OF THERAPY OF TOPIC FORM OF RECOMBINANT INTERFERON-a2b DURING RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS IN PREGNANT

Author(s):  
M. P. Kostinov ◽  
I. V. Lukachev ◽  
A. K. Mescheryakova ◽  
E. V. Dmitrieva ◽  
N. K. Akhmatova ◽  
...  

Aim. Study immunologic phenotype of lymphocytes in the process of therapy of topic form of recombinant interferon-a2b during respiratory infections in pregnant. Materials aih. methods. 74 pregnant women from 14 weeks of gestation took part in the study, among their 55 - within 24 hours with symptoms of acute respiratory infection (ARI) of light and medium, severe course of infection, who do not need hospitalization. Group I - 34 pregnan omen with ARI receiving basic therapy with human recombinant interferon-a2b in gel form. Group 11 - 21 pregnant with ARI receiving only basic therapy. Control group had 19 pregnant omen without signs of ARI. Relative content of principle lymphocyte subpopulations was -:udied by flow cytofluorimetry: CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD3-CD19+, CD3-CD16+56+, CD3-CD8+; immune regulatory index was calculated in blood within 24 hours 'om the onset of the disease and 8 - 10 days later. Results. A disbalance of lymphocyte subpopulations was noted in pregnant women with light or medium severity course of acute 'espiratory infections, that was characterized by an increased content of CD3-CD16+56+ .nd CD3+CD8+, as well as a reduced content of CD3+ and CD3+CD8+. Inclusion of a :opical form of recombinant interferon-oc2b during the first days of development of the disease .as a systemic effect on cell immunity and results in normalization of subpopulation compoition of blood lymphocytes that is characteristic for physiological course of pregnancy. Conclusion. Administration of topic form of recombinant interferon in pregnant with light or medium severity of ARI can be accompanied by activation of factors of innate and adaptive immunity.

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 799-804
Author(s):  
M. A. Levkovich ◽  
L. V. Kravchenko ◽  
A. A. Afonin ◽  
I. I. Krukier ◽  
A. Yu. Levkovich ◽  
...  

Subject: to assess a role of factors of innate and adaptive immunity in the development of intrauterine generalized cytomegalovirus infection.The study included 47 newborns with congenital generalized cytomegalovirus infection comprising group I. Based on the data of clinical and laboratory examination, all newborns studied were divided into two subgroups. Subgroup 1.1 (29 subjects) consisted of newborns with severe CMVI and subgroup 1.2 (18 subjects) – newborns with moderate CMVI. The control group included 26 newborns without herpesvirus infection.Determination of the number of monocytes expressing Toll receptors (TLR) was performed by laser flow cytometry (Beckman Coulter) using Beckman Coulter, HyCultBiotechnology reagents: FITC-CD282+, CD284+, CD286+, and PE-CD14+. The newborn serum concentration of IFNγ, IFNα, IL-6, IL-8 was determined by ELISA using BenderMedsistems test systems.Intrauterine generalized CMVI with complete clinical symptoms in newborns was characterized by a decrease in the number of monocytes expressing TLR-2 and TLR-6, which was associated with a decrease in the level of IFNα, IFNγ, an increase in the level of IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1. The subgroup with incomplete clinical symptoms CMVI was characterized by a decrease in the level of IFNα, in combination with an increase in the level of IL-6. The identified immune disorders lead to a reduction in the antiviral immune response and determine the severity of the disease in prenatally infected newborns. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-356
Author(s):  
I. S. Lipatov ◽  
Yu. V. Tezikov ◽  
A. R. Azamatov

Background: An in-depth study of dismetabolic mechanisms in the genesis of pre-eclampsia (PE) has been updated because pregnancy is considered as a natural model of metabolic syndrome (MS), as well as the metabolic disorders are important in development of essential hypertension.Aims: to reveal clinical and laboratory parallels in pregnancy complicated by PE without MS and pregnancy proceeding on the background of MS to assess the role of metabolic disturbances in the development of PE.Materials and methods: 82 women with MS were examined in the dynamics of pregnancy and were divided into 2 groups depending on the implementation of PE: group I consisted of 50 women with PE on the background of MS, group II 32 women with MS without PE. We formed group III consisting of 44 pregnant women with PE without accompanying diseases to assess the pathogenetic value of metabolic disorders in the development of PE. The IV (control) group consisted of 30 healthy women with physiological pregnancy. Metabolic, hematological parameters, hormones, markers of the proinflammatory state, endothelial hemostasiological dysfunction, decidualization and placental angiogenesis, accumulation dynamics and distribution loci of adipose tissue were determined in all pregnant women.Results: In the groups of pregnant women with PE, changes similar to MS were revealed: pronounced diabetic and atherogenic disorders with the development of pathological insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and leptinemia, endothelial-platelet link hyperactivation, thrombotic and inflammatory status, visceral type of fat deposition, hyperuricemia, hypersympathicotonia. It is proved that in the hierarchy of mechanisms of PE formation, placental dysfunction is a secondary alteration factor, which additionally potentiates the insulin resistance increase and the effects of structural and functional destabilization of the vascular endothelium.Conclusions: The direction of metabolic changes during pregnancy, the common development of PE and MS indicate the important role of dismetabolic mechanisms in the formation of PE.


2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-567
Author(s):  
Volodymyr K. Likhachov ◽  
Yanina V. Shymanska ◽  
Yulia S. Savelieva ◽  
Viktoriya L. Vashchenko ◽  
Ludmyla М. Dobrovolska

Introduction: During pregnancy in the body of a healthy woman there are physiological and psychological changes that contribute to the bearing a child and prepare the female for future labour and motherhood. In women who experience failure at the stage of fertilization or during pregnancy, as a result of prolonged negative emotional states, psycho-emotional stress develops. The aim of the research was to study the psycho-emotional state of women with infertility in history, whose pregnancy resulted from extracorporal fertilization (IVF), and to develop methods for reducing their anxiety. Materials and methods: At the first stage, the initial psycho-emotional state of 60 women in the second trimester, whose pregnancy resulted from IVF (Group I), was studied; the control group consisted of 20 healthy women with a physiological course of pregnancy (Group II). At the second stage, 10 art therapy exercises with a requestioning of pregnant women from Group I were conducted for improving their psycho-emotional state. Results: Women of Group I had a high level of both situational anxiety (SA) and the personal one (PA). The prevalent type of the psychological component of gestational dominant was anxiety and euphoric types (58.3%). In one third of women with burdened gynecological history examined mild or masked depression was diagnosed. 43 pregnant women from Group I used a method of psychocorrection – art therapy, which included colouring “antistress” pictures of perinatal topic, making flowers from paper and creating a collage of dreams. Conclusions: After the art therapy course, a high level of SA (from 46.5% to 7.0%) and OA (from 48.8% to 32.6%) decreased, the index of the optimal type of the psychological component of gestational dominant increased from 25.6% to 53.5%. The number of women without depression increased from 62.8% to 93%.


Author(s):  
G. S. Manasova ◽  
N. V. Didenkul ◽  
L. V. Mnich ◽  
Z. V. Chumak ◽  
N. V. Kuzmin

The pleiotropic effects of vitamin D (VD), whose active form is synthesized in the kidneys, play a certain role both in forming and functioning the feto-placental system, including various pregnancy complications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the vitamin D status in pregnant women with placental dysfunction (PD) and chronic inflammatory kidney disease (CIKD). During 24–34 pregnancy weeks, 56 pregnant women with PD were examined (main group ‒ I); 24 patients (42.85 %) had chronic pyelonephritis (group IA). The control group (group II) had 31 conditionally healthy pregnant women. The total VD level in the blood was determined by ELISA; in addition to the general clinical standard examination, the urine also underwent bacteriological examination. The VD mean level in pregnant women with PD and CIKD was significantly lower than that in the control group (31.08 ± 7.2 and 45.42 ± 9.67 ng/ml (p <0.01)). Only 33.33 % of pregnant women in group IA had a VD optimum, as well as 93.55 % (p < 0.01) in the control group and 17.86 % in group I. 8.33 % of pregnant women had a VD deficiency in group IA (RR = 2.09; CI 95 % ‒ 1.8‒2.42). The patients with a VD-deficiency were absent in the control group. 58.33 % of women in group ІА had a suboptimal VD level and 6.45% in the control group (RR = 3.57; CI 95 % ‒ 1.62‒7.88). Bacteriuria was observed in all pregnant women with a VD-deficient or suboptimal level. At the optimum VD level, bacteriuria was diagnosed twice less (χ2 = 66.67; p <0.01). In patients with an inadequate VD level, CIKD was diagnosed 3.8 times more (RR = 3.57; CI 95 % ‒ 1.62‒7.88). 494 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Medical series, 2020, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 493–499 A significantly calcitriol reduction in pregnant women with placental dysfunction suggests that the deficiency or the suboptimal level of vitamin D and inflammatory kidney diseases may be the interdependent processes that play a decisive role in the formation of placental dysfunction.


2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 1655-1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Guo Ma ◽  
Evert G. Schouten ◽  
Yong Ye Sun ◽  
Fang Yang ◽  
Xiu Xia Han ◽  
...  

Pregnancy is a condition exhibiting increased susceptibility to oxidative stress, and Fe plays a central role in generating harmful oxygen species. The objective of the present study is to investigate the changes in haematological status, oxidative stress and erythrocyte membrane fluidity in anaemic pregnant women after Fe supplementation with and without combined vitamins. The study was a 2 months double-blind, randomised trial. Pregnant women (n 164) were allocated to four groups: group C was the placebo control group; group I was supplemented daily with 60 mg Fe (ferrous sulphate) daily; group IF was supplemented daily with Fe plus 400 μg folic acid; group IM was supplemented daily with Fe plus 2 mg retinol and 1 mg riboflavin, respectively. After the 2-month trial, Hb significantly increased by 15·8, 17·3 and 21·8 g/l, and ferritin by 2·8, 3·6 and 11·0 μg/l, in the I, IF and IM groups compared with placebo. Polarisation (ρ) and microviscosity (η) decreased significantly in other groups compared with placebo, indicating an increase in membrane fluidity. Significant decreases of ρ and η values compared with group C were 0·033 and 0·959 for group I, 0·037 and 1·074 for group IF and 0·064 and 1·865 for group IM, respectively. In addition, significant increases of glutathione peroxidase activities and decreases of malondialdehyde were shown in all treated groups, as well as increases of plasma retinol and urine riboflavin in group IM. The findings show that supplementation with Fe and particularly in combination with vitamins could improve the haematological status as well as oxidative stress and erythrocyte membrane fluidity.


2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Nikitina ◽  
Alla Boychuk ◽  
Valentina Kondratiuk ◽  
Tatyana Babar

We represent the results of the combined method of treatment and prevention of miscarriage in women with a multiple pregnancy and a high risk of the threat of termination the pregnancy because of using the obstetric unloading pessaries, combined with micronized progesterone. The efficiency of this method of treatment is evidenced by the rapid elimination of clinical symptoms of threatened abortion, accelerating the regression of ultrasound markers, reducing the number of complications in of pregnant women and reducing the time of their stay in hospital.Goal: To evaluate the effectiveness of the handling the obstetric pessary in combination with micronized progesterone at women with multifetal pregnancy and a high risk of miscarriage.Materials and methods. We analyzed 120 cases of multifetal pregnancies with signs of miscarriage within the terms from 16 to 28 weeks. The first group of the examined women was: 40 pregnant women with twins and signs of miscarriage, who in the scheme of treatment and prophylactic measures were offered to use the unloading obstetric pessaries in combination with continuous therapy by natural micronized progesterone until 36 weeks of pregnancy. The second group included 40 pregnant women with twins, who were laid seam on the cervix because of istmicocervical insufficiency and were applied short-term courses of therapy by gestagens. The control group comprised 40 pregnant women with twins at the age of 16-28 weeks of pregnancy who were conducted the therapy about the threat of miscarriage according to the current clinical protocols (Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 624). It was carried out the analysis of the course of pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period and the state of neonatal adaptation in the surveyed groups.Results of the research and their discussion. In the first group, urgent childbirth occurred in 34 (85%) cases, in group II in 29 (72.5%) cases, in control group – in 25 (62.5%) cases. Cesarean delivery was performed in 7 (17.5%) patients of group I pregnant women, in 9 (22.5%) of group II patients and in 11 (27.5%) in the pregnant group. When studying the state of neonatal adaptation of newborns in the examined groups, the following results were obtained. The average weight of the newborns in group I was 3245 ±280 g, in group II 2865 ±365 g, in the control group - 2975 ±325 g (p>0.05). The evaluation of the state of newborns on the Apgar scale, respectively at the 1st and 5th minutes, was respectively: in newborns of the I group, 7.5 ± 1.4 and 8.4 ± 1.3 points, in group II - 7.3 ± 1.6 and 8.2 ± 1.1 points, in the control group – 7.2 ± 1.6 and 8.6 ± 1.2 (р 1-р 2> 0.05).Conclusions. Comprehensive prophylaxis of non-pregnancy in multiple pregnancies, combining the use of a traumatic cardiac cervix with the help of unloading obstetric pussies with progesterone preparations, allows prolonging pregnancy, preventing the development of prematurity, contributes to the improvement of perinatal indicators.


Author(s):  
Emad Alsharu ◽  
Bassam Nussair ◽  
Jameel Marabha ◽  
Ala Hindawi

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate maternal and perinatal outcomes among ladies treated for hypothyroidism in pregnancy at antenatal clinics of King Hussein Medical Centre.   METHODS: This study was conducted at antenatal clinics of King Hussein medical center during the period from April 2018 to April 2020. We studied 200 pregnant women with hypothyroidism as a study group (group I) who were compared to 200 euthyroid pregnant women as a control group (group II).    RESULTS:   The incidence of obstetric complications in group I vs group II found to be as the followings: Pre-eclampsia 12%(24) vs 9%(18), miscarriage 10%(20) vs 4%(8), while preterm labor was 20%(40) vs 22%(44), the antepartum hemorrhage 5%(10) vs 4%(8), Post-partum hemorrhage 7%(14) vs 5%(10) respectively.   There were no significant statistical differences in these outcomes in both groups and preterm labor pain was the most frequent pregnancy complication encountered (20% vs, 22 %)   CONCLUSION:  Proper treatment of hypothyroid patients before pregnancy and throughout pregnancy would probably eliminate the potential risk of developing maternal and fetal complications, treated hypothyroid patients hold no significant differences in pregnancy-related complications once compared to euthyroid women.       Keywords: Hypothyroidism, Pregnancy, Outcome


Author(s):  
G. S. Manasova ◽  
N. V. Didenkul ◽  
N. V. Shapoval ◽  
N. V. Kuzmin ◽  
K. V. Korotkaya

The high prevalence of the vitamin D (VD) deficiency states (VDDS) among adults, as well as the data on the pleiotropic effects of calcitriol suggests its participation in the development of various complications and pregnancy outcomes. The objective of the present study is to analyze the pregnancy course and delivery tactics of pregnant women with placental dysfunction (PD) depending on the calcitriol availability. We examined 56 patients with PD (I – main group) and 40 conditionally healthy women with physiological pregnancy (II – control group). In addition to the standard clinical and laboratory examination, the level of vitamin D in the blood was determined by ELISA. The statistical analysis used the software Biostat, Statistica 6.0. In 76.8 % of group I women, the VD content corresponded to the deficit (38.4 %) and to the suboptimal status (38.4 %), (RR = 3.0; 95 % CI 2.39–3.76). In group II, VDDS was not detected and the suboptimal status was diagnosed in 31.45 %. The average VD level in group I was significantly lower than that in group II (31.4 ± 8.6 ng/ml vs 43.54 ± 11.2 ng/ml; Uemp = 42.5; p < 0.05). The caesarean section rate in group I was 3.4 times higher than that in group II (42.85 % vs 12.5 %; F = 0.00001; p < 0.01). The weight of newborns in group II significantly exceeded the weight of children in group I (3643.24 ± 136 g vs 3299.11 ± 128 g; t = 4.17; p < 0.01); a strong direct correlation was found between the weight of the newborn and the VD level in the blood of pregnant women (r = 0.71). VDDS increases 2 times the risk of abdominal delivery (RR = 1.27; 95 % CI 0.95–1.66). The VD status of a pregnant woman can have a certain influence on the formation of optimal adaptive-compensatory mechanisms in the utero-placental-fetal system and on the pregnancy outcome for mother and fetus.


Author(s):  
Kh. M. Omarova ◽  
E. S.-А. Ibragimova ◽  
T. Kh.-M. Khashaeva ◽  
I. Kh. Magomedova ◽  
R. G. Omarova ◽  
...  

Objective. To assess the condition of newborns from women of the late reproductive period (LRP), depending on the parity of births.Material and methods. The authors examined 130 pregnant women and their 130 newborns. Group I consisted of 60 primiparous women of late reproductive period and their 60 newborns, Group II included 40 multiparous women of the late reproductive period and their 40 newborns, Group III (control group) consisted of 30 healthy pregnant women aged from 18 to 25 years and their 30 newborns. The authors performed a retrospective analysis of the gestation course and perinatal outcomes. Ultrasound and neurosonography were used among the instrumental research methods.Results. Women of the late reproductive period gave birth to children in a state of asphyxia twice more often, who develop neurological disorders 1,5 times more often and complex postnatal adaptation and disorders of the perinatal period are twice more likely. Among women of the late reproductive period, primiparous women gave birth to children with the most severe disorders.Conclusion. The high incidence of neurological diseases in children born from women of the late reproductive period is associated with age-related changes in their germ cells, the implementation of assisted reproductive technologies, and the intake of hormonal drugs in early pregnancy. The data obtained should be taken into account by obstetricians in the course of pregnancy in women of late reproductive age; they should be included in the group of high risk of developing neurological disorders in children.


2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4 (96)) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
V. Tashchuk ◽  
O. Malinevska-Biliichuk ◽  
D. Onofreichuk ◽  
P. Ivanchuk ◽  
M. Tashchuk

Purpose - comprehensive analysis of the world approach of the use of ranolazine in various clinical trials and the introduction of the program "Smart ECG" to assess the effectiveness of ranolazine.Matherial and methods. Evaluation of European guidelines, analysis of global randomized clinical trials of the ranolazine use, presentation of our own trial: we examined 40 patients with Q wave myocardial infarction (STEMI), were instituted basic therapy according to the modern recommendations which contained interventional treatment with restoration of patency of a heart attack-conditioned coronary artery, double antiplatelet therapy, statins, β-adrenergic blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, aldosterone antagonists with addition of ranolazine (group I, 30 patients diagnosed STEMI), control - group II, 10 patients with STEMI, who received basic therapy without addition of ranolazine. Results. Analysis of clinical trials (CARISA, MARISA, ERICA, TERISA, MERLIN-TIMI, RIVER-PCI, RIMINI-TRIAL) proved the effectiveness of ranolazine as an antianginal and anti-ischemic drugs. The use of own program «Smart ECG» demonstrates the positive effect of ranolazine on STEMI and requires further implementation.Conclusion. In the European Society of Cardiology guidelines of the management of stable angina pectoris, ranolazine is given a class IIa (level of evidence B) recommendation as a second-line treatment to reduce angina frequency and improve exercise tolerance in subjects who cannot tolerate, have contraindications to, or whose symptoms are not adequately controlled by β- adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers and long-acting nitrates. In subjects with baseline low heart rate and low blood pressure, ranolazine may be considered as a first-line drug to reduce angina frequency and improve exercise tolerance - class IIa (level of evidence C) recommendation. Own study, which partially reflects the global approach according to the analyzed clinical studies, demonstrates the positive effect of ranolazine for patients with STEMI - analogue scale EQ–VAS indicates a positive effect, positive influence on the markers of electrical myocardial instability: decreasing of the probability of cases of SDNN decrease, depression of QT and maybe increase of ratio of maximum velocity for differentiated T wave.


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