The quality of life of patients after reconstructive and reconstructive breast surgery

The quality of life indicators of 70 patients who underwent reconstructive and reconstructive breast surgery were studied. We used a depression test questionnaire and questionnaires on the quality of life. The patients were divided into 3 groups. It was found that a higher level of depression in group II compared to group I. Low level of depression in group III. Indicators of the physical component of health are the highest in group II compared to groups I and III. Low indicators of the physical component of health in group III patients. Indicators of the psychological component of health are higher in group III compared to groups II and I. Higher indicators of the psychological component of health in patients of groups II and III. Key words: quality of life, mammary glands, reconstructive and reconstructive operations, neoplasms, psycho-emotional status.

Nature as Space: Gender Roles and Subversion in Edna O’Brien’s “A Scandalous Woman”

The rigid social conventions for women in rural twentieth century Ireland, specifically that of the nun and the mother, are illustrated and subsequently subverted by the figures of the scandalous woman and the witch in Edna O’Brien’s short story, “A Scandalous Woman”. Most of the scholarship on this short story and O’Brien’s work in general has been focused on the gender roles in terms of women’s rights. The purpose of this paper, however, is to explore the interrelationship between both the accepted and subversive roles of women, and at the same time demonstrate how social conventions are made subversive by the natural surroundings, outlining both the conventional and subversive nature symbolism which underpins conventional morality. Nature takes on various guises in the story: it has symbolic importance as spiritual sustenance, it has an underlying psychological component, and finally it is present in both erotic and esoteric situations. Spaces are inexorably intertwined with religion and the role of the women in the story, specifically in the context of Eily, the protagonist, and her progression from an innocent girl to a scandalous woman. These connections also serve to illustrate the main character’s progression from innocent girl to scandalous woman in terms of the interactions of gender, nature, and space.

The use of whole-body cryotherapy for increasing the stress resistance of female athletes in group types of gymnastics

Background. Representatives of complex coordination sports are most susceptible to psychoemotional stress, since they demonstrate high sports results already at a young age. The tightening of anti-doping control has significantly reduced the possibility of using pharmacological and biologically active drugs to speed up the recovery of athletes. Against this background, in sports medicine, more attention is paid to the use of non-drug methods to improve performance and recovery in athletes. Aim to study the efficiency of the introduction of whole-body cryotherapy in the training process of female athletes of complex coordination sports (for example, group gymnastics) to increase stress resistance and reduce violations of adaptation processes as a result of neuropsychiatric overstrain. Materials and methods. During the academic-training year, 22 gymnasts received six ten-day courses of whole-body cryotherapy in the ICEQUEEN cryosauna. 19 athletes were included in the control group. The studies were conducted 3 times: before the start of the procedures, after the first course of procedures, at the end of the training year. The diagnosis of nocturnal bruxism and the definition of the psychological component of health were carried out. Total and effective albumin concentrations were determined in the blood serum with the calculation of the albumin binding reserve, helper T-lymphocytes and killer T-lymphocytes with the calculation of the immunoregulatory index. Results. After one course, there was an increase in the functional activity of serum albumins, a decrease in the number of episodes of involuntary contractions of the masticatory muscles at night, and an increase in the psychological component of health according to SF-36. After six courses of cryotherapy, the functional activity of serum albumins and the initial values of the immunoregulatory index were preserved by the end of the season, and the psychological component of health according to SF-36 was increased, while these indicators decreased in the control group. There was also a decrease in the number of episodes of involuntary contractions of the masticatory muscles at night with an increase in their number in the control group of female athletes. Conclusions. Considering the obtained results, it is possible to recommend the use of whole-body cryotherapy in gymnasts during the preparatory and recovery periods of the annual training cycle in order to increase stress tolerance and prevent psychoemotional overstrain.

The study of the features of the psychological component of gestational dominance as an indicator of the formation of dysfunctional relationships in the ‟mother-child” system in women of different age categories

The article provides an analysis of the work on the problem of the specifics of the formation of the psychological component of gestational dominance (PCGD) in women with the peculiarities of the psycho-emotional state and residence of the pregnancy period. It is assumed that the features of the PCGD may be an indicator of the formation of dysfunctional relationships in the "mother-child" system and reflect the characteristics of maternal ontogenesis. Sample included pregnant women with different age categories. The method was Pregnancy attitude test of Igor’ Dobryakov. The author's approach of quantitative analysis was used in the processing of the results. It is concluded that there are significant differences in each of the types of relationships that form during pregnancy in women of different age groups, namely, in relation to pregnancy, mother, childbirth, to breastfeeding, to close significant in the face of their own mother, established by correlational analysis.

On the question of the psychological component of family mediation

The relevance of the topic under consideration is due to the need to improve the effectiveness of family mediation. The presented statistical data of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, the Center for Conflict Resolution of the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Institution «CCSP» indicates the low effectiveness of the alternative procedure for settling family disputes with the participation of a mediator. Analyzing the reasons for this, the authors turn to the world experience in the development of family mediation, focused on the development of standards for training specialists on the basis of serious psychological training. The Russian professional standard «Specialist in Mediation (mediator)» in a specialized field of activity sets the requirements for the special knowledge and skills of a mediator in the field of social, humanistic, cognitive psychology, psychological correction of attitudes, perception, and emotional response. However, the analysis of the basic training program for mediators in the family mediation module, as well as the training programs for mediators offered by Russian higher education organizations, indicates that there is no serious psychological training for mediators to resolve disputes arising from family legal relationships. The authors’ practical first-hand experience makes it possible to highlight the psychological component of family conflicts, which significantly distinguishes family mediation from mediation in the field of civil or labor disputes and requires a mediator to have competencies in the field of family psychodiagnostics, family counseling and therapy. The authors substantiate a number of methodological and technological provisions of the family mediation procedure.

THEORETICAL BASIS OF THE CONCEPT "ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE": ANALYTICAL AND SYNTHETIC RESEARCH

Introduction. The article is an attempt to solve the need for generalization, analysis and synthesis of the existing theoretical basis for organizational (corporate) culture. Particular attention should be paid to the analysis of typologies of organizational (corporate) culture and basic characteristics, properties, which can serve as a basis for clarifying its psychological component. Purpose. To offer the corresponding theoretical and hypothetical component with definition of directions of its research for the further improvement basing on the critical analysis of the offered theories of organizational (corporate) culture concerning their psychological component. Results. Organizational (corporate) culture as a concept is a natural attempt of talented managerspractitioners to explain, describe, explore and use in practice real and, at the same time, metaphorical phenomena that determine a socio-psychological level of functioning of such communities of people in the profession as organizations (corporations). And it is not in vain that everyone unanimously claims that it exists, is extremely important and influential, requires consideration in the activities of organizations, and better yet – management. Organizational culture as a concept has a well-founded content, components and functions, as well as the development of practices to improve the functioning of companies through the accounting and consideration of this phenomenon. However, the shortcoming in the scientific substantiation of the concept is the gaps in psychological research of both theoretical and experimental content. Thus, the developed typologies of organizational culture are not sufficiently substantiated and experimentally tested, which could negatively affect the inefficiency of the application of practical developments. Conclusion. As a result of theoretical analysis followed by the use of synthesis, a 3-criteria hypothetical variant of the typology of organizational culture was substantiated, namely: the need for control (deep power – anarchy), fundamental values (masculinity - femininity), the optimal way to achieve mission (individualism – collectivism). This is a hypothesis that requires experimental testing and is the direction of further research.

Psychological сomponents of miscarriage. Ways to overcome

Habitual miscarriage is a stressful condition and a significant factor of frustration for married couples. The psycho-emotional state of the pregnant woman affects the course of the subsequent pregnancy and its outcome. Correction of the psychological component of habitual miscarriage is a promising direction for preventing reproductive losses. The aim of the work is to study the psychological components of miscarriage and determine the ways of their correction. Materials and methods. The level of chronic stress was studied in pregnant women with symptoms of miscarriage and a history of habitual reproductive losses (main group) based on indicators of psychoemotional state, the condition of the autonomic nervous system, and the degree of activation of stress-implementing systems. The results were evaluated with the scale PSS, PSM-25 as adapted by N. Ye. Vodopianova, Spielberger–Khanin inventory and the scale by L. D. Malkova, Baevsky index, cortisol content in the blood and urine. The pregnant women with a physiological course of pregnancy and uncomplicated history were included in the control group. Based on the fact that the etiology of habitual miscarriage is multifactorial, and the psychological component is amenable to correction, stress-protective therapy was included in the treatment complex of habitual miscarriage. To assess the effectiveness of treatment, the main group was divided into subgroups: 1 – with psychotherapy, 2 – without psychotherapy. Results. A high level of personal perception of stress, anxiety and asthenia determine the psycho-emotional state of the main group pregnant women, among whom two dominant psycho types were identified: A – a high level of anxiety and low neuropsychic resistance; B – poise and good adaptive ability against the background of stress. Non-drug stress-protective therapy in the complex of miscarriage treatment contributes to: a decrease in psycho-emotional stress in pregnant women with psycho type A – 2.6 times, anxiety level – 1.7 times, asthenia level – 2.3 times; and also: a decrease in similar indicators in pregnant women with psycho type B – 1.6 times, 3.9 times and 2.5 times, respectively (P < 0.05); a decrease in the frequency of premature termination of pregnancy by more than 11 %. Conclusions. The psychological component of miscarriage is a high level of personal perception of stress, anxiety and asthenia. Stress-protective therapy in combination with pathogenetic therapy of miscarriage improves pregnancy outcomes for the mother and the fetus. It is advisable to conduct pregravid training with the participation of a psychologist in women with a history of reproductive losses in order to overcome the psychological component of stress perception, expand adaptive potential, increase neuropsychic stability, and form a positive orientation toward pregnancy and motherhood.

PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS IN LEARNING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE// International Journal of Educational and Scientific Research 4(12), 2021/ Chief Editor K. Kumpulainen /OEAPS OU - Tallinn, Estonia (Open European Academy of Public Sciences). Vienna, Austria 30.04.2021: OEAPS OU., 2021. P. 38-40.

The article deals with the aspects of psychology on studying foreign languages and different principles are described in this article. Also, the article pays attention to the importance of psychology. So, psychology allows us to determine the psychological component of the content of teaching a foreign language at school — this is the formation of skills and abilities to use the language being studied for communicative purposes.