scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Evaluation of Urban Growth of Zuru Metropolis, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 456-467
Author(s):  
Y.A. Maleeks ◽  
A.O. Aliyu ◽  
A. Bala ◽  
A.U. Isiaka ◽  
K.Z. Atta
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The pattern of development in a city is mostly governed by urban dynamics, with population increase being the primary driving force. Built-up cover is the most important predictor of urban expansion. Zuru metropolis in Kebbi State has witnessed remarkable developmental activities caused by human influences such as buildings, road constructions, and population growth for over decades. Urban growth was ascertained for a period of 30 years through the analysis of Landsat imagery of 1988, 1998, 2008 and 2018. The datasets were classified into five (5) land covers, namely, built-up, water body, rocky surface, vegetation, and others. Quantitative assessment of the urban growth was ascertained by computing post-classification LC dynamics and Land Consumption Rate/Land Absorption Coefficient (LCR/LAC). The results showed that the built-up cover (urban area) conspicuously increased with area of 693.35 ha, 728.74 ha, 5210.5 ha and 6845.75 ha respectively for the period of study (1988 – 2018). The increment in built-up area was indicative of population growth from 1988 to 2018. The study revealed that between 1988 to 2018 showed that built-up increased by 11.78%, while rocky surface and water body have shrunk by 16.44% and 0.02% respectively, which can be attributed to anthropogenic activities in which rocky surface and waterbody have been transformed into built-up cover. It further revealed that the urban area experienced crowdedness in the years 2008 and 2018 respectively due to high LCR values of 2.71% compared to LCR values of 0.0714% and 0.0558% in 1988 and 1998. Land transformation into urban area and spread of the population to the outskirts of the study area was prominent between 1998 and 2008 due to high LAC value of 0.0998. The study concluded that there was transformation of rocky surface and waterbody into urban area, which was caused by population growth, human and agricultural activities in Zuru metropolis.

scholarly journals Toward a Dualistic Growth? Population Increase and Land-Use Change in Rome, Italy

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 749
Author(s):  
Leonardo Bianchini ◽  
Gianluca Egidi ◽  
Ahmed Alhuseen ◽  
Adele Sateriano ◽  
Sirio Cividino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Per Capita

The spatial mismatch between population growth and settlement expansion is at the base of current models of urban growth. Empirical evidence is increasingly required to inform planning measures promoting urban containment in the context of a stable (or declining) population. In these regards, per-capita indicators of land-use change can be adopted with the aim at evaluating long-term sustainability of urbanization processes. The present study assesses spatial variations in per-capita indicators of land-use change in Rome, Central Italy, at five years (1949, 1974, 1999, 2008, and 2016) with the final objective of quantifying the mismatch between urban expansion and population growth. Originally specialized in agricultural productions, Rome’s metropolitan area is a paradigmatic example of dispersed urban expansion in the Mediterranean basin. By considering multiple land-use dynamics, per-capita indicators of landscape change delineated three distinctive waves of growth corresponding with urbanization, suburbanization, and a more mixed stage with counter-urbanization and re-urbanization impulses. By reflecting different socioeconomic contexts on a local scale, urban fabric and forests were identified as the ‘winner’ classes, expanding homogeneously over time at the expense of cropland. Agricultural landscapes experienced a more heterogeneous trend with arable land and pastures declining systematically and more fragmented land classes (e.g., vineyards and olive groves) displaying stable (or slightly increasing) trends. The continuous reduction of per-capita surface area of cropland that’s supports a reduced production base, which is now insufficient to satisfy the rising demand for fresh food at the metropolitan scale, indicates the unsustainability of the current development in Rome and more generally in the whole Mediterranean basin, a region specialized traditionally in (proximity) agricultural productions.

scholarly journals Modeling of Urban Growth Using Cellular Automata and GIS Case of Benslimane in Morocco

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
BENCHELHA MOHAMED ◽  
Benzha Fatiha ◽  
Rhinane Hassan ◽  
BENCHELHA SAID ◽  
BENCHELHA TAOUFIK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Confusion Matrix ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
Urban Growth Modeling ◽  
Main Component Analysis ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Main Component

In this study, our goal was to research land-use change by combining spatio–temporal land use/land cover monitoring (LULC (1989–2019) and urban growth modeling (1999–2039) in Benslimane, Morocco, to determine the effect of urban growth on different groups based on cellular automata (CA) and geospatial methods. A further goal was to test the reliability of the AC algorithm for urban expansion modeling. To do this, four years of satellite data were used at the same time as population density, downtown distance, slope, and ground road distance. The LULC satellite reported a rise of 3.8 km2 (318% variation) during 1989–2019. Spatial transformation analysis reveals a good classification similarity ranging from 89% to 91% with the main component analysis (PCA) technique. The statistical accuracy between the satellite scale and the replicated built region of 2019 gave 97.23 %t of the confusion matrix overall accuracy, and the region under the receiver operational characteristics (ROC) curve to 0.94, suggesting the model's high accuracy. Although the constructed area remains low relative to the total area of the municipality's territory, the LULC project shows that the urban area will extend to 5,044 km2 in 2019, principally in the western and southwestern sections. In 2019–2039, urban development is expected to lead to a transformation of the other class (loss of 1,364 km2), followed by vegetation cover (loss of 0.345 km2). In spatial modeling and statistical calculations, the GDAL and NumPy Python 3.8 libraries were successful.

scholarly journals SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS AND MODELING OF URBAN GROWTH OF BIRATNAGAR CITY, NEPAL

2019 ◽  
Vol IV-5/W2 ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
S. Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Urban Change ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Spatial Metrics ◽  
Land Cover Map ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract. Increasing land use land cover changes, especially urban growth has put a negative impact on biodiversity and ecological process. As a consequences, they are creating a major impact on the global climate change. There is a recent concern on the necessity of exploring the cause of urban growth with its prediction in future and consequences caused by this for sustainable development. This can be achieved by using multitemporal remote sensing imagery analysis, spatial metrics, and modeling. In this study, spatio-temporal urban change analysis and modeling were performed for Biratnagar City and its surrounding area in Nepal. Land use land cover map of 2004, 2010, and 2016 were prepared using Landsat TM imagery using supervised classification based on support vector machine classifier. Urban change dynamics, in term of quantity, and pattern was measured and analyzed using selected spatial metrics and using Shannon’s entropy index. The result showed that there is increasing trend of urban sprawl and showed infill characteristics of urban expansion. Projected land use land cover map of 2020 was modeled using cellular automata-based approach. The predictive power of the model was validated using kappa statistics. Spatial distribution of urban expansion in projected land use land cover map showed that there is increasing threat of urban expansion on agricultural land.

scholarly journals Tracking Urban Expansion Using Random Forests for the Classification of Landsat Imagery (1986–2015) and Predicting Urban/Built-Up Areas for 2025: A Study of the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Bernard Fosu Frimpong ◽  
Frank Molkenthin
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Kumasi is a nodal city and functions as the administrative and economic capital of the Ashanti region in Ghana. Rapid urbanization has been experienced inducing the transformation of various Land Use Land Cover (LULC) types into urban/built-up areas in Kumasi. This paper aims at tracking spatio-temporal LULC changes utilizing Landsat imagery from 1986, 2013 and 2015 of Kumasi. The unique contribution of this research is its focus on urban expansion analysis and the utilization of Random Forest (RF) Classifier for satellite image classification. Change detection, urban land modelling and urban expansion in the sub-metropolitan zones, buffers, density decay curve and correlation analysis were methodologies adopted for our study. The classifier yielded better accuracy compared to earlier works in Ghana. The evaluation of LULC changes indicated that urban/built-up areas are continually increasing at the expense of agricultural and forestlands. The urban/built-up areas occupied 4622.49 hectares (ha) (23.78%), 13,447.50 ha (69.18%) and 14,004.60 ha (72.05%) in 1986, 2013 and 2015, respectively of the 19,438 ha area of Kumasi. Projection indicated that urban/built-up areas will occupy 15,490 ha (79.70%) in 2025. The urban expansion was statistically significant. The results revealed the importance of spatial modeling for environmental management and city planning.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Municipal Planning, a case study of Barahathawa Municipality, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kedar Dahal ◽  
Krishna P. Timilsina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The Rapid transformation of rural settlements into municipalities in Nepal has brought significant changes in land use and urban expansion patterns mostly through the conversion of agricultural land into the built-up area. The issue is studied taking a case of rapidly growing town Barahathawa Municipality of Sarlahi District. After the declaration of the municipality, several new roads have been opened and upgraded; and the municipality has well-connected to the national transportation network. After promulgated the Constitution of Nepal 2015 and elected local bodies, the municipality budget has been increased significantly as a result of increasing municipal investment in socio-economic and physical infrastructure development and environmental protection which have attracted people, goods, and services creating the zone of influence. One of the changes found in the municipality is the increasing built-up area and expansion of urban growth through the decreasing agricultural land. Urban growth has been observed taking place around the Barahathawa Bazaar and main roadsides. The built-up area in Barahathawa municipality has remarkably increased by 184% with the decrease of shrub and agricultural land within 10 years. Implications of such spatial and temporal dynamics have been a core issue of urban planning in most of the newly declared municipalities in Nepal

scholarly journals Dynamics and forecasting of population growth and urban expansion in Srinagar City – A Geospatial Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-8 ◽  
pp. 709-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Farooq ◽  
M. Muslim
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Srinagar City

The urban areas of developing countries are densely populated and need the use of sophisticated monitoring systems, such as remote sensing and geographical information systems (GIS). The urban sprawl of a city is best understood by studying the dynamics of LULC change which can be easily generated by using sequential satellite images, required for the prediction of urban growth. Multivariate statistical techniques and regression models have been used to establish the relationship between the urban growth and its causative factors and for forecast of the population growth and urban expansion. In Srinagar city, one of the fastest growing metropolitan cities situated in Jammu and Kashmir State of India, sprawl is taking its toll on the natural resources at an alarming pace. The present study was carried over a period of 40 years (1971–2011), to understand the dynamics of spatial and temporal variability of urban sprawl. The results reveal that built-up area has increased by 585.08 % while as the population has increased by 214.75 %. The forecast showed an increase of 246.84 km<sup>2</sup> in built-up area which exceeds the overall carrying capacity of the city. The most common conversions were also evaluated.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Speed, Landscape Pattern Changes and Its Driving Factors of Shenzhen China

2021 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Qinxue He ◽  
Yuhong Chen ◽  
Yunlei Su
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
University Enrolment ◽  
Main Factors

Urban expansion has always been a topic of great concern. The purpose of this study is to explore land use change and the types of urban expansion in Shenzhen from 1995 to 2015, and to indicate the driving factors of this change, so as to provide a paradigm for other similar studies. By analysing the landscape expansion index and the correlation coefficient between urban area and various factors in Shenzhen, the following conclusions are obtained: 1) The main changes of land use types are the decrease of cultivated land and the increase of urban land. The land cover type changed most dramatically from 2000 to 2005, and the urban land transformed from cultivated land and grassland occupied most of the area. 2) Analysis shows that during the 20 years from 1995 to 2015, the main expansion type is edge-expansion. In detail, during the period from 1995 to 2010, the proportion of infilling has been increasing, while that of the outlying has been decreasing. After 2010, the urban area of Shenzhen increased slightly. Besides, according to the landscape expansion index, Shenzhen experienced dramatic urban expansion from 2000 to 2005. 3) Education and population growth are the main factors of urban growth in Shenzhen, which is reflected in the strongest correlation between university enrolment rate and urban area.

scholarly journals Geospatial Assessment of the Consumption and Absorption of Residential and Educational Land Uses of Zaria and Sabon Gari Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 476-489
Author(s):  
J. O. Sule ◽  
L.M. Ojigi ◽  
T.O. Adewuyi ◽  
S. Azua ◽  
A.O. Aliyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Land Usage ◽  
Geospatial Technique ◽  
Residential Land Use ◽  
Institutional Drivers

Human variables such as population increase and distribution, as well as economic expansion, have a strong impact on land usage. Zaria and Sabon Gari local government areas are endowed with various types of institutions that attract people from far and near to its space for studies and employments. This in turn leads to increase in population growth and the expansion of residential land use (LU). Thus, this study assessed the Land Consumption Rate (LCR) and Land Absorption Coefficient (LAC) of the residential and educational LUs using geospatial technique. The study analyzed Landsat imagery of 1987, 1999, 2006, and 2018. The study utilized a combination of quantitative (pixel-based) and qualitative (digitizing) methods of image classification for classifying the residential and educational LUs and biophysical covers. Quantitative assessment of the LU dynamics was achieved by the post-classification computation of LU dynamics, LCR, and LAC. The results revealed that residential LU occupied an area of 2594.25ha in 1987, 2815.15ha in 1999, 4042.54ha in 2006, and 8033.19ha in 2018. In the same vein, the educational LU occupied area of 2623.41ha in 1987, 2991.87ha in 1999, 3021.10ha in 2006, and 3093.75ha in 2018. The LCR values for residential LU were 0.555%, 0.468%, 0.579%, and 0.803% for the years 1987, 1999, 2006, and 2018 respectively. The LCR reduced from 1987 to 1999 and then increased from 1999 to 2018. The LAC values for the residential LU increased across the period of the study. The study concluded that the exploitation of the new lands for residential and educational LUs could be as a result of the demographic and institutional drivers of LU. The study suggested that the urban planning authority should develop planning measures that will regulate the already crowded residential LU in the study area.was transformation of rocky surface and waterbody into urban area, which was caused by population growth, human and agricultural activities in Zuru metropolis.

Urban Sprawl and the Quantification of Spatial Dispersion

2013 ◽  
pp. 129-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Martellozzo ◽  
Keith C. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Spatial Dispersion ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Natural Land ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
Over Time

The uncontrolled spread of cities into their surrounding rural and natural land is an issue of high popular interest and has been the topic of considerable research. Urban sprawl remains controversial, even though among scholars there are still no unambiguous definitions of sprawled zones--their spatial form and their causative factors--nor about the urban processes and dynamics involved. In order to create such a definition, the authors describe the spatio-temporal patterns of urban form in a study area noted for sprawl, focusing on measures that can detect the degree of urban spatial dispersion over time (Batty 2002). The data used is a fusion of archived thematic maps, classified satellite imagery, census data, and forecast maps of future urban scenarios. The area investigated was the northeastern province of Pordenone in Italy, which is particularly relevant and curious because despite being a small city, it was assessed in 2002 as one of the most explicative examples of sprawl in Europe by the European Environment Agency. The authors analyzed urban growth mainly through the evolution of urban patterns over time, hence sprawl is considered as a specific case of growth that drives urban expansion from denser and compact extent to an unorganized and fragmented pattern. How the spatio-temporal dynamics of urban growth are quantified is crucial for urban planners, as knowledge of amounts and rates allows more efficient selection and application of policy and could help researchers to better understand urban sprawl’s etiology.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Urban Sprawl and Densification Processes in Western Germany in the Light of SDG Indicator 11.3.1 Based on an Automated Retrospective Classification Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1694
Author(s):  
Gohar Ghazaryan ◽  
Andreas Rienow ◽  
Carsten Oldenburg ◽  
Frank Thonfeld ◽  
Birte Trampnau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Random Forest Classification ◽  
Population Growth Rates ◽  
High Level

By 2050, two-third of the world’s population will live in cities. In this study, we develop a framework for analyzing urban growth-related imperviousness in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) from the 1980s to date using Landsat data. For the baseline 2017-time step, official geodata was extracted to generate labelled data for ten classes, including three classes representing low, middle, and high level of imperviousness. We used the output of the 2017 classification and information based on radiometric bi-temporal change detection for retrospective classification. Besides spectral bands, we calculated several indices and various temporal composites, which were used as an input for Random Forest classification. The results provide information on three imperviousness classes with accuracies exceeding 75%. According to our results, the imperviousness areas grew continuously from 1985 to 2017, with a high imperviousness area growth of more than 167,000 ha, comprising around 30% increase. The information on the expansion of urban areas was integrated with population dynamics data to estimate the progress towards SDG 11. With the intensity analysis and the integration of population data, the spatial heterogeneity of urban expansion and population growth was analysed, showing that the urban expansion rates considerably excelled population growth rates in some regions in NRW. The study highlights the applicability of earth observation data for accurately quantifying spatio-temporal urban dynamics for sustainable urbanization and targeted planning.

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