TEACHER TRAINING FOR THE PREVENTION, REPORTING AND ADDRESSING OF VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN

Each year an estimated one billion children (one out of two children worldwide) suffer some form of physical, sexual or psychological violence or neglect (Hillis, Mercy, Amobi, & Kress, 2016). Being a victim of violence in childhood has lifelong impacts on education, health, and well-being. Exposure to violence can lead to poor academic performance due to cognitive, emotional, and social problems (WHO, 2019). The right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence is affirmed by the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child, in its General Comment No. 13 (UNCRC, 2011). Moreover, the Sustainable Development Goals contain a clear call to eliminate violence against children, most explicitly in Target 16.2 (UN, 2015). Many efforts have been made globally to achieve these goals. Schools have been identified as one of the crucial contexts for conducting violence prevention efforts. They offer an important space where children, teachers and educators can learn and adopt pro-social behaviors that can contribute to preventing violence (WHO, et al., 2016). Teachers can play a key role, helping to build a “violence-free world” (UNESCO, WHO, UNICEF, End Violence Against Children, 2020), both by promoting positive relationships and by identifying signs of violence early. In fact, while international strategies provide a necessary framework for the promotion and protection of children's rights, it is the people who can make a difference in the prevention and detection of violence against children (Biffi, 2018). Based on these premises, the paper will focus on how teacher training can help prevent, report and address violence against children. Teachers are often not trained on this: some of them know the contents, but have doubts about how to deal with certain situations. Teachers should learn what to do with students who have gone through a traumatic experience because children choose someone who can see and recognize them (Miller, 1979, En. transl. 1995; Miller, 1980, En. transl. 1983). To be able to really recognize the child, a training course with teachers is necessary, to raise awareness and help them see the signals that children send (The Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action, End Violence Against Children, UNICEF, WHO, 2020). This paper, through literature and presentation of a training course with teachers in Italy, will offer a pedagogical reflection on teacher training in the prevention, reporting and addressing of violence against children, in order to start building a common shared strategy.

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((جرائم العنف الجنسي ضد الأطفال ((دراسة مقارنة

Al-Kitab Journal for Human Sciences ◽

10.32441/kjhs.01.01.p12 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 157-194

Author(s):

نوزاد الشواني

Keyword(s):

Sexual Violence ◽

Criminal Law ◽

International System ◽

Sexual Exploitation ◽

Well Being ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Violence Against Children ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

The World ◽

The Right

The child is the bud of life and the right of life in this life is a fundamental right, from which several rights are protected and surrounded by safety until he reaches the age that makes him physically, mentally and psychologically qualified to take over his duties and his duties towards his society and the direction of others.The rights of the child to protection have been little or significant since the inception of the first human being. However, the need for development and the protection of the human race that human senses have begun to create different rights for the child do not in themselves constitute real protection for them . Until it culminated in the era of Islamic light, which embodied the highest forms of protection for this sensitive vulnerable group in society. Voices from around the world called on States to actively intervene through criminal texts to ensure the child's right to be protected from ill-treatment, especially after the international community has issued numerous international instruments and declarations dealing with the rights of the child. The most important of these are the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child, On the life and development of the child as well as the preservation of his identity and his right to education, health and comfort and to have a standard of living adequate for its growth as well as protect it from exploitation and all kinds of violence. Sexual violence against children involving a child under the age of 18 years, rape or exploitation of sexual activity is not fully understood and can not be granted. The conduct of the offender is contrary to the laws, customs, traditions and customs of the community. The child's physical and mental health, mental, psychological and social well-being are seriously jeopardized. The child is characterized by weak physical strength and poor mental abilities. Therefore, the international system should have called upon the ratifying States to protect the rights that have been adopted in favor of the child With special criminal provisions to protect him from crimes of sexual violence.Sexual violence against children constitutes a grave violation of the rights of the child. It represents a global reality in all countries of the world, but it has become a real phenomenon of concern especially in recent times and in some countries such as Iraq, Syria, Libya and other countries that have become visible as a result of war, displacement, The other reasons, and this calls for immediate treatment through the intervention of the criminal law in most of the world, including Iraqi and Syrian law, the subject of our research, to criminalize these acts protect a range of rights and interests, including: the protection of the right to sexual freedom of the female, The protection of the family entity from collapse and the protection of the offspring from mixing and protecting the social entity from the scourge of moral corruption, and immunization of society from sexual and reproductive diseases. At the national and international levels, this law prohibits any activity that takes the form of rape, sodomy, sexual harassment, sexual exploitation in prostitution or pornographic material Since the Criminal Code is one of the most widely used instruments of the State to protect the legal status of persons and to protect human rights from potential attacks and the conviction of the Iraqi and Syrian legislators of the importance of repudiation and punishment in protecting vulnerable parties within society, for example, their legislation included significant repudiation provisions that criminalize any act or omission May result in a form of sexual violence against children.Thus, by extrapolating the texts of the criminal law of both Iraq and Syria, as well as some of the texts contained in other laws or independently, our research entitled "Sexual Violence Against Children" focused on a scientific plan consisting of two subjects: In the second, I refer to the types of crimes that sexual violence against children has included and we deal with successively and through three demands. First we address the crime of rape and homosexuality. In the second child to indecent assault against the child crime and in the third to the crime of sexual exploitation against children and Khtmana We discussed with the most important conclusions and recommendations

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Mechanisms of childhood injury: A novel approach to the terminology

Global Health Innovation ◽

10.15641/ghi.v3i2.971 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Caroline Zabiegaj-Zwick ◽

◽

Andrew Brown ◽

Marie-Louise Loos ◽

Stewart Cleeve ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development Goals ◽

Well Being ◽

Health Staff ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Safe Environment ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Commission Report ◽

Development Goals ◽

The Right

Children have the right to a safe environment and to protection from violence and injury. In addition, state authorities should safeguard the child’s well-being considering the rights and duties of his or her parents, legal guardian, or other legally responsible individuals. Institutions, facilities and services that are responsible for the of children should observe standards of safety, health, staff suitability and competent supervision. This is enshrined in article 3 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, the most widely ratified convention worldwide with 194 signatory states (Jamal, 2014; United Nations [UN], 1989). The WHO-Lancet Commission report released in February 2020 shows that very few countries have attained the Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs) set out 5 years ago.

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Sustained sustainable development actions of China from 1986 to 2020

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87376-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bingsheng Liu ◽

Tao Wang ◽

Jiaming Zhang ◽

Xiaoming Wang ◽

Yuan Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Local Governments ◽

Local Development ◽

Well Being ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Development Goals ◽

Development Levels ◽

The Right ◽

Resource Conditions

AbstractAchieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is a long-term task, which puts forward high requirements on the sustainability of related policies and actions. Using the text analysis method, we analyze the China National Sustainable Communities (CNSCs) policy implemented over 30 years and its effects on achieving SDGs. We find that the national government needs to understand the scope of sustainable development more comprehensively, the sustained actions can produce positive effects under the right goals. The SDGs selection of local governments is affected by local development levels and resource conditions, regions with better economic foundations tend to focus on SDGs on human well-being, regions with weaker foundations show priority to basic SDGs on the economic development, infrastructures and industrialization.

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Integrating Sustainable Development and Children’s Rights: A Case Study on Wales

Social Sciences ◽

10.3390/socsci10030100 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 100

Author(s):

Rhian Croke ◽

Helen Dale ◽

Ally Dunhill ◽

Arwyn Roberts ◽

Malvika Unnithan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Well Being ◽

Children's Rights ◽

Children’S Rights ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

Development Goals ◽

Deliberative Processes

The global disconnect between the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), has been described as ‘a missed opportunity’. Since devolution, the Welsh Government has actively pursued a ‘sustainable development’ and a ‘children’s rights’ agenda. However, until recently, these separate agendas also did not contribute to each other, although they culminated in two radical and innovative pieces of legislation; the Rights of Children and Young Persons (Wales) Measure (2013) and the Well-being and Future Generations (Wales) Act (2015). This article offers a case study that draws upon the SDGs and the CRC and considers how recent guidance to Welsh public bodies for implementation attempts to contribute to a more integrated approach. It suggests that successful integration requires recognition of the importance of including children in deliberative processes, using both formal mechanisms, such as local authority youth forums, pupil councils and a national youth parliament, and informal mechanisms, such as child-led research, that enable children to initiate and influence sustainable change.

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Skipan talsmanns fyrir börn – grundvöllur ákvörðunar og framkvæmd

Icelandic Review of Politics & Administration ◽

10.13177/irpa.a.2015.11.2.10 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 313-332

Author(s):

Hrefna Friðriksdóttir ◽

Hafdís Gísladóttir

Keyword(s):

United Nations ◽

Child Protection ◽

Justice System ◽

Democratic Society ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

The Status ◽

United Nations Convention ◽

Child Friendly ◽

The Right ◽

International Instruments

In recent years there has been a growing interest in the rights of children in various justice systems. The interpretation of international instruments, such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child legalized in Iceland as law 19/2013, places a strong emphasis on strengthening the status of the child. The concept of child-friendly justice has emerged reflecting a vision of a justice system that has adapted to the interests and needs of children. A key element is ensuring the right of the child to participate, building on the notion that participation actively promotes their citizenship in a democratic society. The complexity of child protection cases makes it imperative to ensure that children get the assistance they need to communicate and be able to influence procedures. This article discusses the development of provisions in child protection laws on the appointment of spokespersons for children and represents the findings of a study done on such appointments with various child protection committees. The main results of this research indicate that the development of the law has been positive. The enforcement does not however reflect these develpments and there is a lack of formality, assessment and satisfactory argumentation.

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Attitudes and decision-making in the child protection system

Kriminologija & socijalna integracija ◽

10.31299/ksi.25.2.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 2-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paulo Delgado ◽

Vânia S. Pinto ◽

João M. S. Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Foster Care ◽

Residential Care ◽

Family Environment ◽

Child Protection ◽

Well Being ◽

Fundamental Rights ◽

Protection System ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Rights Of The Child

In the contexts of family neglect or maltreatment, the State intervenes by safeguarding the development and well-being of the child or young person in danger. In more severe situations, the intervention may lead to the child’s removal from the family. The Portuguese Law on the Protection of Children and Young People in Danger (Law 142/2015 of September 8th) favours the placement of the child in a family environment, especially for children up to the age of six. Despite this, in Portugal, in 2015, 8 600 children were in out-of-home care, only 3.5% of which were placed in foster care, while the remaining children were in residential care. Therefore, one of the fundamental rights of the child – living in a family environment – is compromised in practice. This study aims to understand the decision-making process of 200 higher education students in domains related to child protection, and those of 200 professionals who are responsible for providing case assessments and recommendations for intervention in the Portuguese child protection system. Using the Child Welfare Attitudes Questionnaire (Davidson-Arad & Benbenishty, 2008, 2010), the study aimed to identify the participants’ attitudes regarding removal of at-risk children from home, reunification and optimal duration of alternative care, children’s and parents’ participation in the decision-making process, and assessment of foster care and residential care, with the purpose of promoting children’s development and well-being. We concluded that both sets of participants (professionals and students) can be divided in two groups, one which is pro-removal and the other, which is less so. In comparison with students, professionals less often favour the removal of the child and more often defend reunification. There are no significant differences among participants regarding their opinion about the role of foster and residential care, and the participation of the child in the decision-making process. However, professionals tend to support parents’ participation in the decision-making process more than students do. Finally, we present some implications of our findings for the practice of child protection.

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INTERVENSI ANAK DALAM PERCERAIAN

AL-BANJARI Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman ◽

10.18592/al-banjari.v15i2.839 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 185

Author(s):

Firman Wahyudi

Keyword(s):

Child Protection ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Divorce Rate ◽

Positive Trend ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

High Divorce Rate ◽

The Family ◽

The Right ◽

Protection Commission ◽

Husband And Wife

The high divorce rate in Indonesia sometimes result with positive and negative trends. Positive trend meant the rise of women to defend their rights as a wife that is often abused by her husband so divorce is the best solutions and alternatives. Trend downside besides destroying a family structure also carries a psychological impact, especially children in addition to great effect in socio-civic life. Legal divorce just look at issues from both parties (husband and wife) only, while the other family members in this case the child is not involved. Though the realm of the family consisting of a husband and wife and children. Child has a fundamental right within the family and also have the right to intervene to prevent his parents' divorce because he was the main victim of the divorce itself. Required a special advocate to defend the interests and rights of the child in his parents' divorce given the level of skill in the legal act has not been adequate. In this case the role and functions of the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI) is necessary in order to fulfill these rights.

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DUALISME PENERAPAN HUKUM BAGI PELAKU KEKERASAN SEKSUAL TERHADAP ANAK

LITIGASI ◽

10.23969/litigasi.v20i2.1561 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 267-290

Author(s):

AMRINA HABIBI ACHMAD

Keyword(s):

Sexual Violence ◽

Child Protection ◽

Juvenile Court ◽

The Other ◽

District Court ◽

District Courts ◽

Sexual Crimes ◽

Violence Against Children ◽

Local Law ◽

The Right

National law regulating child protection stipulates that every child has the right to secure protection, one of which is from sexual crimes, and gives the authority to adjudicate the case to the juvenile court under the district court. But on the other hand, the local law in force in Aceh stipulates that the authority is to adjudicate cases of sexual violence against children to the Sharia Court. Both of these regulations give rise to legal dualism that governs the same case in the Aceh jurisdiction, so that it can cause problems in its enforcement. This article intends to question the implementation of the absolute authority of the judiciary in theresolution of cases of sexual violence against children in Aceh, and explains the application of sanctions for perpetrators of sexual violence against children. This article is the result of a research that uses the juridical empiric method. Implementation of absolute authority in judicial institutions related to the settlement of cases of sexual violence against children in the jurisdiction of Aceh, district courts whose authority is given by national law are more competent than the Sharia Court whose authority is given by local law. One of the reasons among many is because district court judges generally have special certificates for adjudicating cases involving children, while the judge of the Sharia Court did not.

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The Powers of the Court in terms of Section 7(2) of the Domestic Violence Act 116 of 1998: KS v AM 2018 (1) SACR 240 (GJ)

Obiter ◽

10.17159/obiter.v40i3.11202 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Moffat Maitele Ndou

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Domestic Violence ◽

Well Being ◽

International Human Rights Law ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

Legal Remedy ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Republic ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Right

The preamble of the Domestic Violence Act (116 of 1998) (DVA) recognises that domestic violence is a serious social evil and that there are high incidences of domestic violence in South Africa. The preamble further recognises that:a) victims of domestic violence are among the most vulnerable members of society;b) domestic violence takes many forms and may be committed in a wide range of domestic relationships; andc) the remedies previously available to victims of domestic violence have proved to be ineffective.The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (the Constitution) provides various rights that are also applicable to victims of domestic violence. The Constitution guarantees the right to dignity and to freedom and security of the person (see ss 10 and 12 of the Constitution respectively). Domestic violence against any person is a violation of these rights. The DVA further recognises that South Africa has international commitments to end violence against women and children in terms of the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Convention on the Rights of the Child. A right not to be subjected to domestic violence may not be specifically mentioned in international human rights law instruments, but freedom from all kinds of violence and the right to equality and human dignity is generally emphasised.The purpose of the DVA is to provide a legal remedy in the form of an interdict that prohibits a person from violating the rights of the complainant. In order to give effect to this purpose, section 7(1) of the DVA provides that the court may grant a protection order to protect the rights of the complainant. Section 7(2) of the DVA further grants the court the power to impose any additional conditions that it deems reasonably necessary to protect and provide for the safety, health or well-being of the complainant.In KS v AM (2018 (1) SACR 240 (GJ)), the court found that section 7(2) of the DVA empowered the court to order the seizure of the respondent’s digital equipment to remove any photograph, video, audio and/or records relating to the complainant. This case note examines the decision in KS v AM (supra) and determines whether the decision is justifiable in law. The definition of domestic violence is discussed first and thereafter the remedies available in terms of the DVA are examined. A discussion of the judgment in KS v AM (supra) follows.

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Placing Children’s Freedom from Violence at the Heart of the Policy Agenda

The Oxford Handbook of Children's Rights Law ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190097608.013.16 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 306-328

Author(s):

Marta Santos Pais

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Children's Rights ◽

Children’S Rights ◽

Policy Agenda ◽

Global Policy ◽

Violence Against Children ◽

Rights Of The Child ◽

The World ◽

Forms Of Violence ◽

Legal Mandate

Violence knows no geographic, cultural, or social borders. Around the world millions of children of all ages continue to be exposed to appalling levels of violence, in their neighborhoods, in their schools, in institutions aimed at their care and protection, as well as within the home. Children’s rights law, most notably the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), provides a legal mandate to address all forms of violence against children. This chapter reviews the various forms of violence against children, their impact on child well-being, and the children’s rights law mandate to prevent it. It then discusses the global policy agenda for confronting violence against children and the challenges that must be overcome to achieve progress toward a world free of violence against children.

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