Laser Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis (Lasik) Versus Trans Epithelial Photorefractive Keratectomy (T-Prk) In Astigmatic Patients

Purpose: To compare the results of LASIK versus Trans Epithelial Photorefractive Keratectomy (T-PRK) in correcting astigmatic refractive error. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Lahore Medicare Hospital from January to October 2018. Methods: One hundred and twenty six eyes of 63 patients, age 18 to 35 years, either gender, presenting with astigmatism were enrolled in this study. Myopes with spherical equivalent (SE) ? -13.0 diopter sphere (DS), hyperopes with SE ? +5.0 DS and astigmatism ? 1.5 D with visual acuity better or equal to 0.3 LogMAR were included. Astigmatic eyes with < 1.5D and with any other ocular pathology were excluded. Refractive status was assessed by Canon Autorefractor and Heine Retinoscope. Average reading of both methods was taken. Patients were divided into two groups (31: LASIK; 32: trans-PRK) by spin of a coin method. Refractive surgery was done in both groups. Data was analyzed by SPSS 20. Normality of quantitative data was checked by Shapiro Wilk test. Mann Whitney-U test was used for non-parametric data. P-value ? 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Mean age of the patients was 25.83 ± 3.09 years. The difference in residual sphere, amount of cylinder, axis of cylinder and CCT (central corneal thickness) after surgery in two groups was insignificant. P values were as follows; for sphere p = 0.85, amount of cylinder p = 0.22, axis of cylinder P = 0.46 and CCT p = 0.07. Conclusion: Both techniques are equally good in correcting astigmatism (p = 0.22). LASIK or T?PRK can be done alternatively in patients with astigmatism. Key Words: LASIK, Trans epithelial PRK, Astigmatism.

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Comparison of Axial Ocular Measurements with Contact and Non-contact Biometry

Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.36351/pjo.v36i1.922 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Arslan Ashraf ◽

Muhammad Suhail Sarwar ◽

Muhammad Awais Afzal ◽

Imran Khalid ◽

Sehrish Shahid

Keyword(s):

Corneal Thickness ◽

Anterior Chamber Depth ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Kappa Test ◽

Parametric Data ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

Graphical Presentation

Purpose: To compare between non-contact and contact biometry for measurements of central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT) and axial length (AL). Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional Study. Place and Duration of Study: Mayo Hospital, Lahore from June 2018 to December 2018. Material and Methods: Eighty-four subjects, (168 non-pathological eyes) visiting the eye outpatients department were recruited by non-probability convenience sampling. Patients with high refractive errors and suffering from any ocular pathology were excluded from the study. CCT, ACD, LT and AL were measured with non-contact Biometer (HAAG Streit) followed by Contact Biometer (Ultrasound) after taking consent from the patient. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS-21 and Medcalc software. Normality of quantitative data was checked with Shapiro Wilk test. Independent sample t test was used for parametric variable and Mann Whitney-U test was used for non-parametric data. For the agreement between two techniques Cohen’s Kappa test used and Bland-Altman plot was drawn for graphical presentation. P-value equal or less than 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Mean age of 84 subject (female: 45.24% and male: 54.76%) was 53.05 ± 13.56 years. The AL was significantly longer for the non-contact measurement with the difference of 0.53 ± 0.32 mm (p < 0.001). Contact pachymetry was significantly higher with the difference of 8.67 ± 20.83 µm (p = 0.046). ACD was significantly deeper for non-contact measurements with the difference of 0.51 ± 0.32 mm (p < 0.001). Contact ultrasound A-scan measured LT significantly thicker with the difference of 0.59 ± 0.56 mm (p < 0.001). Conclusion: There is significant difference of axial ocular measurements (CCT, ACD, LT and AL) between contact (ultrasound A-scan) and non-contact (HAAG Streit) biometry (p < 0.05).

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Effect of pterygium excision on mean corneal curvature.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2021.28.04.4698 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (04) ◽

pp. 568-571

Author(s):

Saira Bano ◽

Sumaya Khan ◽

Mahnoor Waqar ◽

Moniba Iqbal ◽

Hamza Waqar Bhatti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

P Value ◽

Corneal Curvature ◽

Ocular Surgery ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

History Of ◽

Induced Astigmatism ◽

Pterygium Excision ◽

The Difference

Objective: To determine the difference in mean corneal curvatures before and after pterygium excision. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi. Period: 1st January 2015 to 1st July 2015. Material & Methods: 68 patients aged between 18 to 65 years were included in the study. Patients with history of ocular trauma, ocular surgery, glaucoma, anti-glaucoma treatment, allergy to steroids, pseudo pterygium, recurrent pterygium and presence of corneal abnormalities such as, scarring that might affect the astigmatic value were excluded. All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination by slit lamp and best corrected visual acuity and keratometric values were noted. Pterygium excision was done by a single surgeon. BCVA and keratometric readings were taken again after 2 weeks of pterygium excision. Results: Mean age was 37.60 ± 11.11 years. Out of these 68 patients, 44 (64.71%) were male and 24 (35.29%) were females. Mean pre-operative corneal curvature was 2.99 ± 0.69D and post-operative corneal curvature was 1.70 ± 0.40D with P-value of <0.0001 which is statistically significant. Conclusion: This study concluded that pterygium excision brings significant change in corneal curvature in patients of pterygium induced astigmatism.

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PELATIHAN SINGKAT TENTANG PENGETAHUAN DAN KETERAMPILAN DALAM DETEKSI DINI PERKEMBANGAN ANAK BALITA

JURNAL MEDIA KESEHATAN ◽

10.33088/jmk.v10i1.326 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 071-077

Author(s):

Husni Husni

Keyword(s):

Child Development ◽

Questionnaire Development ◽

High School Education ◽

P Value ◽

Sampling Techniques ◽

Brain Disorders ◽

Average Income ◽

Brief Training ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Difference

The incidence of child development deviation in Indonesia reached 13% -18%.About 16% of children under five years got neurodevelopmental and brain disorders frommild to severe. This study aimed to determine the effect of brief training by using Pre-Screening Questionnaire Development (KPSP) to improve the knowledge and skills ofparents in detection of child development. This study was quasi experimental with preposttest only. The population in this study were the parents / guardians of children atkinder garten of Baitul Izzah and Al Hasanah Bengkulu City. Samples were parents whohave never participated in training and at least high school education. Number of samples56 (28 intervention and 28 control) taken with concecutive sampling techniques. Datacollection were using questionnaire for knowledge and checklist for skills. Statistical testindependent t-test at the α 5% (one tail). The results showed the average age was 33years, the average income was 2.3 million per month, more mothers working and havehigher education. There were the difference in knowledge after being given brief trainingof 27.5 (p value = 0.000) and the difference in ability between the intervention andcontrol groups (p value = 0.000). Effectiveness of brief training to increase the knowledgeof 35%. factor affecting the mother's knowledge was the age (p 0.001; OR: 2.12). Weconcluded that parents are expected to apply the child development detection according toability at home and it is needed training for other parents.

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Efektivitas Akupresur dan Minuman Jahe terhadap Pengurangan Intensitas Nyeri Haid/Dismenore Pada Remaja Putri

Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi ◽

10.33087/jiubj.v21i1.1154 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 215

Author(s):

Indah Dewi Sari ◽

Utary Dwi Listiarini

Keyword(s):

Young Women ◽

Learning Activities ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

P Value ◽

Menstrual Pain ◽

Normality Test ◽

Before And After ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Difference

Half of the women in Indonesia experience menstrual pain / dysmenorrhoea, 54.89%, experience various disorders including abdominal pain, cramps and back pain. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acupressure, ginger drink and the difference in giving acupressure and ginger drink to reducing the intensity of menstrual pain / dysmenorrhea in young women at SMK Swasta PAB 5 Klambir Lima 2020. The design of this study used a quasi-experimental pre and post test with a sample of 30 students who were divided into two groups. Each group was given acupressure and ginger drink in the morning and evening during menstruation from day one to day two. Respondents were assessed for pain before and after the intervention was given. The results of the Shapiro-Wilk normality test contained Sig data (p <0.05). The Wilcoxon test has a p-value of 0.002 (p <0.05), which means that acupressure is effective in reducing the intensity of menstrual pain / dysmenorrhea, there is a p-value of 0.001 (p <0.05) which means that ginger is effective against reducing pain intensity. menstruation / dysmenorrhea, there is a p-value of 0.034 (p <0.05), which means that there is a difference in the effectiveness of acupressure and ginger drink in reducing the intensity of menstrual pain / dysmenorrhea. There is an effectiveness of giving acupressure, ginger drink, and there is a difference in giving acupressure and ginger drink on the intensity of menstrual pain / dysmenorrhea on young women. It is hoped that the school will provide ginger drinks and acupressure measures to young women who experience menstrual pain / dysmenorrhea so that they can participate in learning activities at school.

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The Effectiveness of the Use of Nurse Safety Booklet on Nurse Knowledge in Ergonomic Injury Prevention in BIMA Hospital

International Journal of Studies in Nursing ◽

10.20849/ijsn.v4i2.578 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 108

Author(s):

A. Haris ◽

Abdul Haris

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Hospital Staff ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Research Subjects ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Difference ◽

Nurse Knowledge

Safety has become a global issue in various sectors, including the health services sector. The hospital is one of the health service organizations that is guided to continuously improve quality by building safer and safer health services so as to get customer loyalty. Hospital staff is a major component of quality management in one of the indicators in evaluating hospital accreditation. This research uses a quasi-experimental research design pre and posttest with control group. Quasi experiment research is a study that tests an intervention in a group of research subjects and then measures the results of the intervention. Samples in this study are all nurses who are in the room of the General Hospital, Surgery and ICU Bima Hospital, which are 50 people. The results showed the results of different tests using paired t-test p value = 0.000 which can be concluded that there are differences between the intervention group and the control group, seen from the value of the difference in the intervention group is greater than the difference in the control group can be interpreted as education using more booklets affect the increase in nurse knowledge. The conclusion in this study was that there were significant differences in nurses' knowledge after being given education using pre and post intervention booklets between the intervention and control groups (p = 0.000).

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The Incidence of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy after Photorefractive Keratectomy and Laser In Situ Keratomileusis

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2012/904215 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Majid Moshirfar ◽

Maylon Hsu ◽

Julia Schulman ◽

Joseph Armenia ◽

Shameema Sikder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽

Refractive Surgery ◽

Chart Review ◽

Previous History ◽

Laser In Situ Keratomileusis ◽

Photorefractive Keratectomy ◽

Causal Association ◽

History Of ◽

Low Incidence

Purpose. To assess the incidence of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) following laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).Methods. A chart review was performed to identify all patients with CSCR and a previous history of LASIK or PRK.Results. Over the 6-year study period, 1 of 4,876 eyes which had LASIK or PRK at the Moran Eye Center was diagnosed with CSCR. One other patient was referred from an outside center, developed CSCR symptoms one month after PRK. Both patients were managed conservatively with a final visual acuity of 20/20 or better. All other patients presented 4 or more years after refractive surgery.Conclusions. We report the first 2 CSCR cases developing within one month after PRK. The low incidence argues against a causal association. Topical corticosteroids or anxiety may elevate cortisol levels presenting therapeutic challenges for the management of CSCR after PRK or LASIK.

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Comparison of Intraocular Pressure before and after Laser In Situ Keratomileusis Refractive Surgery Measured with Perkins Tonometry, Noncontact Tonometry, and Transpalpebral Tonometry

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2015/683895 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Isabel Cacho ◽

Juan Sanchez-Naves ◽

Laura Batres ◽

Jesús Pintor ◽

Gonzalo Carracedo

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Refractive Surgery ◽

Corneal Thickness ◽

Laser In Situ Keratomileusis ◽

Spherical Equivalent ◽

Transpalpebral Tonometry ◽

Spherical Equivalent Refraction ◽

Before And After ◽

Noncontact Tonometry

Purpose. To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) before and after Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK), measured by Diaton, Perkins, and noncontact air pulse tonometers.Methods. Fifty-seven patients with a mean age of 34.88 were scheduled for myopia LASIK treatment. Spherical equivalent refraction (SER), corneal curvature (K), and central corneal thickness (CCT) and superior corneal thickness (SCT) were obtained before and after LASIK surgery. IOP values before and after surgery were measured using Diaton, Perkins, and noncontact air pulse tonometers.Results. The IOP values before and after LASIK surgery using Perkins tonometer and air tonometers were statistically significant (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were found (p>0.05) for IOP values measured with Diaton tonometer. CCT decreases significantly after surgery (p<0.05) but no statistical differences were found in SCT (p=0.08). Correlations between pre- and postsurgery were found for all tonometers used, withp=0.001andr=0.434for the air pulse tonometer,p=0.008andr=0.355for Perkins, andp<0.001andr=0.637for Diaton.Conclusion. Transpalpebral tonometry may be useful for measuring postsurgery IOP after myopic LASIK ablation because this technique is not influenced by the treatment.

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PIJAT KOMBINASI ENDORFIN OKSITOSIN MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU POST OPERASI SECTIO CAESAREA

Mahakam Midwifery Journal (MMJ) ◽

10.35963/midwifery.v5i1.138 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

Nursari Abdul Syukur ◽

Endah Wahyutri ◽

Erma Putri

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Milk Production ◽

Sectio Caesarea ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Breast Milk Production ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Difference

Background: Breast milk spending is a very complex interaction between mechanics, nerves, and hormons. The decrease and production of breast milk production in the first days after delivery can be caused by a lack of stimulation of prolactin and oxytocin hormons. Caesarea section does not allow the mother to breastfeed her infant more flexibly, with adaptation to the pain, so she should be able to support the health worker thoroughly about the lactation process. Purpose: to know the difference of endorphin, oxytocin and combination effect on breast milk production in Postoperative section of caesarea section. Research design: quasi experimental design type post test only non equivalent control group design. The population in this study were all postoperative mothers caesarea section, 10 samples for each treatment. Group 1 : endorphin massage, group 2 (control) : the oxytocin massage, and group 3 : the combine massage. Results: Combination massage is the best method to produce the highest amount of ASI because the largest Sig p value is (1,000) where the level is significant <0.05. So H0 this study was rejected means that there is a significant difference between the production of breast milk from the combination massage compared with the two massage done separately. Conclusion: It is expected during childbirth the midwife can develop and implement independent non-pharmacological midwife actions to help increase milk production

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Influence of tomographic and biomechanical corneal indexes on myopic refractive surgery indications: A multicenter study

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/11206721211054725 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112067212110547

Author(s):

Francesc Duch ◽

Ignacio López-Marín ◽

Federico Alonso-Aliste ◽

Mariano Hernández-Barahona-Campos ◽

Santiago C Manito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multicenter Study ◽

Refractive Surgery ◽

Ablation Depth ◽

Corneal Biomechanics ◽

Photorefractive Keratectomy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Biomechanical Parameters ◽

Tomographic Data ◽

Corneal Tomography

Purpose To evaluate the influence of corneal tomographic and biomechanical indexes on the refractive technique indication. Methods A total of 251 eyes from 251 patients interested in refractive surgery were enrolled in this cross-sectional and multicenter study. Previous to the surgeon decision, a preoperative protocol was performed by refractive optometrists, containing four sections: refraction, biometry, corneal tomography and biomechanics. The refractive surgeons made a first decision based only on refraction, biometric and tomographic information. Biomechanical indexes were revealed, and refractive surgeons made a second indication. Additionally, for Laser-Assisted in-situ Keratomileusis cases, the percent tissue altered were calculated. Possible indications were no refractive surgery, photorefractive keratectomy, Laser-Assisted in-situ Keratomileusis or intraocular Collamer lens. Results After the first surgery indication, the distribution was photorefractive keratectomy (47.4%), Laser-Assisted in-situ Keratomileusis (48.2%) while intraocular Collamer lens achieved 2.8%. This proportion changed significantly after the second indication regarding corneal biomechanics and photorefractive keratectomy and Laser-Assisted in-situ Keratomileusis decreased by 24% while intraocular Collamer lens increased 19%. A total of 69 eyes changed the indication (27.5%) and 182 eyes (72.5%) remained unchanged. All indications changes were from photorefractive keratectomy or Laser-Assisted in-situ Keratomileusis to intraocular Collamer lens or no surgery. Indication changes to intraocular Collamer lens were observed in 49 eyes (71%). Tomographic, biomechanical indexes, ablation depth and percent tissue altered achieved statistically significant differences between eyes without and with indication changes (all, P < .01). Conclusion New corneal biomechanical indexes could change the indication decision regarding biometric and tomographic data alone. Intraocular Collamer len was the preferred indication for eyes at risk of ectasia or with subclinical keratoconus due to corneal biomechanical parameters.

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