scholarly journals SELISIH TARIF RUMAH SAKIT TERHADAP TARIF INA-CBG’s PADA PASIEN SECTIO CAESAREA DI RUMAH SAKIT DAERAH IDAMAN BANJARBARU TAHUN 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-326
Author(s):  
Mochammad Maulidie Alfiannor Saputera ◽  
◽  
Ahmad Ahmad ◽  
Anna Khumaira Sari ◽  
Ayu Soraya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectio Caesarea ◽  
Average Hospital ◽  
Operating Rate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Hospital Study ◽  
Negative Difference ◽  
The Ideal

Caesar's operating rate continues to increase in every country, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the ideal Caesarean Section Rate (CSR) for a country is around 10% to 15%. INA-CBG’s is a payment with a package system based on the patient’s illness. In implementing the INA-CBG’s system, problems often occur in the financing. The thing that often happens is hospital rates in the Caesarean Sectio exceed INA-CBG’s claims. The study aims to determine the difference between hospital rates with claims of INA-CBG’s in Idaman Hospital Banjarbaru. This study is an observational hospital study of direct medical costs, data retrieved retrospectively from the JKN participant claims data of patients with Sectio Caesarea in 2019 in Hospital Idaman Banjarbaru as many as 833 data samples using samples jenuh. Data calculation to find out the difference is done by subtracking hospital rates with INA-CBG’s rates. The result showed the difference between hospital rates and INA-CBG’s rates in Sectio Caesarea patients in Hospital Idaman Banjarbaru is a negative difference of Rp. 3.908.338.992 (n=833) and the difference between the average hospital rates and the average INA-CBG’s rates is Rp.4.691.884 per patient.

scholarly journals A profile of Caesarean sections performed at a district hospital in Tshwane, South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Govender ◽  
C. Steyn ◽  
O. Maphasha ◽  
A. T. Abdulrazak
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
South African ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
World Health ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Ideal

Introduction: Caesarean section (CS) is a common obstetric procedure that prevents neonatal and maternal death when performed correctly if indicated; however, CS can give rise to complications that lead to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Rates of CS are increasing worldwide, although the World Health Organization (WHO) has indicated an ideal rate of 5–15%. South African CS rates are higher than the ideal.Methods: Maternity records of 2015 were reviewed at Odi District Hospital (ODH) to assess whether ODH complies with the ideal CS rate. In this study, extracted data include date and time of CS, maternal age, parity, gestational age, total number of previous CSs, elective or emergency, indications, anaesthesia used and registration of the surgeon.Results: There were 3 336 deliveries and 1 064 CSs (32%). The majority of women were aged from 19 to 34 years (59%), 72.8% were multiparous and 54% between 37–39 weeks’ gestation. The most common (40.1%) overall and emergency indication was foetal distress. Most CSs were emergencies (61.70%). Most elective CSs were because of a previous CS and spinal anaesthesia was used in 91.73%. Medical officers performed most of the CSs (79.0%) during working hours. The CS rate of 32% was significantly higher than the ideal 5–15% and higher than in other sub-Saharan countries with similar maternal characteristics. Indications for emergency and elective CSs were similar to previous research.Conclusion: The Caesarean section rate at ODH is higher than the recommended rate. Potential CSs therefore need to be evaluated more intensely to assess the true need for surgical intervention.

Accounting for the Rising Caesarean Section Rate in Canada: What Are the Roles of Changing Needs, Practices, and Incentives?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Baker ◽  
Maripier Isabelle ◽  
Mark Stabile ◽  
Sara Allin
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health Organization

In most high-income countries, including Canada, the share of births by Caesarean section (C‑section) has risen over the past decades to far exceed World Health Organization recommendations of the proportion justified on medical grounds (15 percent). Although unnecessary C-sections represent an important cost for health care systems, they are not associated with clear benefits for the mother and the child and can sometimes represent additional risks. Drawing on administrative records of nearly four million births in Canada, as well as macro data from the United States and Australia, we provide a comprehensive account of rising C-section rates. We explicitly consider the contributions of the main factors brought forward in the policy literature, including changing characteristics of mothers, births, and physicians as well as changing financial incentives for C-section deliveries. These factors account for at most one-half of the increase in C-section rates. The majority of the remaining increase in C-sections over the period 1994–2011 occurred in the early 2000s. We suggest that some event or shock in the early 2000s is likely the primary determinant of the recent strong increase in the C-section rate in Canada.

scholarly journals Attribute Selection in Naive Bayes Algorithm Using Genetic Algorithms and Bagging for Prediction of Liver Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Dwi Yuni Utami ◽  
Elah Nurlelah ◽  
Noer Hikmah
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Naive Bayes ◽  
Confusion Matrix ◽  
Naïve Bayes ◽  
Attribute Selection ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Bayes Algorithm ◽  
Health Organization

Liver disease is an inflammatory disease of the liver and can cause the liver to be unable to function as usual and even cause death. According to WHO (World Health Organization) data, almost 1.2 million people per year, especially in Southeast Asia and Africa, have died from liver disease. The problem that usually occurs is the difficulty of recognizing liver disease early on, even when the disease has spread. This study aims to compare and evaluate Naive Bayes algorithm as a selected algorithm and Naive Bayes algorithm based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Bagging to find out which algorithm has a higher accuracy in predicting liver disease by processing a dataset taken from the UCI Machine Learning Repository database (GA). University of California Invene). From the results of testing by evaluating both the confusion matrix and the ROC curve, it was proven that the testing carried out by the Naive Bayes Optimization algorithm using Algortima Genetics and Bagging has a higher accuracy value than only using the Naive Bayes algorithm. The accuracy value for the Naive Bayes algorithm model is 66.66% and the accuracy value for the Naive Bayes model with attribute selection using Genetic Algorithms and Bagging is 72.02%. Based on this value, the difference in accuracy is 5.36%.Keywords: Liver Disease, Naïve Bayes, Genetic Agorithms, Bagging.

Creating a global covenant for healthcare reform in nursing

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 543-546
Author(s):  
Catherine Best
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Healthcare Reform ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Positive Action ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Health Organization

Social determinants of health continue to exist and perpetuate health inequalities. Catherine Best explores the contribution of nurses on an international scale, particularly in regards to solving inequality in access to healthcare Encouraging nursing to be a global profession has gained considerable momentum in recent years. For significantly longer, social determinants of health have featured in multiple national and international reports, and their devastating impacts on societies, both nationally and globally, are still being experienced. The time for rhetoric has long gone. Instead, unprecedented action is needed to bring this to the fore of all governments across the globe. The World Health Organization, International Council of Nurses and the United Nations have done much to raise awareness of the need for change and make it clear that the nursing profession can contribute to take positive action. The provision of good healthcare should not be reliant on where you live and work, but should be available to everyone. This article will explore the difference that nurses can make to the everyday lives of those we care for, and in improving equal access to healthcare for everyone.

The Institutional Active Aging Paradigm in Europe (2002–2015)

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl López-López ◽  
Mariano Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Active Aging ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Reductive Treatment ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Ideal Framework ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
The Eu ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract Background and Objectives The paradigm of active aging has been slowly gaining ground in Europe as the ideal framework for public policy and for responding to the population’s aging. Taking the work by Rune Ervik as its point of departure, this article updates his conclusions on conceptualizations and policies of active aging by performing a study of the institutional discourses in the matter produced by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and the European Union (EU). Methods A corpus of 15 WHO, OECD, and EU documents published in the period 2002–2015 and tackling active aging were analyzed qualitatively through a combination of content and thematic analysis, based on a scheme integrated by deductive and inductive iterative manual and computerized codification. Results The institutional discourses on active aging analyzed have not changed dramatically in the period considered. However, a divergent path has emerged regarding the accent placed on participation and contribution in the construction of the paradigm: the more socially productive and health-oriented WHO discourse is slowly separating from the more economically productive and labor-oriented discourses of the EU and OECD. Discussion and Implications The institutional paradigm on active aging is evolving into a reductive treatment of a phenomenon that is multidimensional. International institutions and researchers should pay closer attention and forge a path toward an honest and critical examination of the real conditions and expectations of older people concerning the discursive and practical proposals of active aging, in all its different forms.

scholarly journals Incidence of first stroke and ethnic differences in stroke pattern in Bradford, UK: Bradford Stroke Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hawraman Ramadan ◽  
Chris Patterson ◽  
Stuart Maguire ◽  
Ian Melvin ◽  
Kirti Kain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Population ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Health Organization

Background Information on ethnic disparities in stroke between White and Pakistani population in Europe is scarce. Bradford District has the largest proportion of Pakistani people in England; this provides a unique opportunity to study the difference in stroke between the two major ethnic groups. Aim To determine the first-ever-stroke incidence and examine the disparities in stroke patterns between Whites and Pakistanis in Bradford. Methods Prospective 12 months study consisting of 273,327 adults (≥18 years) residents. Stroke cases were identified by multiple overlapping approaches. Results In the study period, 541 first-ever-strokes were recorded. The crude incidence rate was 198 per 100,000 person-years. Age adjusted-standardized rate to the World Health Organization world population of first-ever-stroke is 155 and 101 per 100,000 person-years in Pakistanis and Whites respectively. Four hundred and thirty-eight patients (81%) were Whites, 83 (15.3%) were Pakistanis, 11 (2%) were Indian and Bangladeshis, and 9 (1.7%) were of other ethnic origin. Pakistanis were significantly younger and had more obesity ( p = 0.049), and diabetes mellitus (DM) ( p = <0.001). They were less likely to suffer from atrial fibrillation ( p = <0.001), be ex- or current smokers ( p = <0.001), and drink alcohol above the recommended level ( p = 0.007) compared with Whites. In comparison with Whites, higher rates of age-adjusted stroke (1.5-fold), lacunar infarction (threefold), and ischemic infarction due to large artery disease (twofold) were found in the Pakistanis. Conclusions The incidence of first-ever-stroke is higher in the Pakistanis compared with the Whites in Bradford, UK. Etiology and vascular risk factors vary between the ethnic groups. This information should be considered when investigating stroke etiology, and when planning prevention and care provision to improve outcomes after stroke.

scholarly journals Understanding health education, health promotion and public health

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kitty R. Van Teijlingen ◽  
Bhimsen Devkota ◽  
Flora Douglas ◽  
Padam Simkhada ◽  
Edwin R. Van Teijlingen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Education ◽  
World Health ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Theoretical Overview

Across the globe, there can be confusion about the difference between the concepts of health education, health promotion and, often also, public health. This confusion does not limit itself to the individual terms but also to how these terms relate to each other. Some use terms such as health education and health promotion interchangeably; others see them clearly as different concepts. In this theoretical overview paper, we have first of all outlined our understanding of these individual terms. We suggest how the five principles of health promotion as outlined by the World Health Organization (WHO, 1984) fit into Tannahill’s (2009) model of three overlapping areas: (a) health education; (b) prevention of ill health; and (c) health protection. Our schematic overview places health education within health promotion and health promotion itself in the center of the overarching disciplines of education and public health. We hope our representation helps reduce confusion among all those interested in our discipline, including students, educators, journalists, practitioners, policymakers, politicians, and researchers.

scholarly journals Prolanis Influence on Decreasing Blood Pressure of Hypertension Patients in Puskesmas Pandak II Bantul 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Florentina Sita Murti ◽  
Hari Kusnanto Josef ◽  
Wahyudi Istiono
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pressure Variable ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Health Organization

Background: People with hypertension over age 25 years reached 40% in 2008 according to the World Health Organization and 75% occurred in developing countries. Hypertension management must be focused on first-rate health care which could reduce death-risk, disabilities, and the cost burden. Badan Pengelola Jaminan Social obliges every first-rate health care to have to apply Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis).Objectives: This study aims to determine the difference of decreased blood pressure in Prolanis and Non-Prolanis groups in Puskesmas Pandak II.Methods: This quantitative research with cohort retrospective design used secondary data of hypertension patients who are following Prolanis compared with those who are not in Puskesmas Pandak II. Data covered characteristics of patients, blood pressure, and Body-Mass Index (BMI) over one year. The analysis used repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The comparison with the treatment group showed significant differences in blood pressure variable, diastolic pressure variable, and BMI, interaction and measureable differences during the study period in all three variables. There was an uptrend in the Non-Prolanis group and a downtrend in the Prolanis group.Conclusions: Decreased blood pressure of patients with hypertension is better in Prolanis than Non-Prolanis groups.

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