scholarly journals Identifikasi Rawan Bencana Tanah Longsor Kabupaten Toraja Utara

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Ega Londongallo ◽  
Maxi Tendean ◽  
Grace F. E. Suoth
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Ground Movement ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Potential Zone ◽  
Low Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Landslide Hazards ◽  
High Area ◽  
Landslide Hazard Map ◽  
Transportation Routes

North Toraja Regency is an area that is prone to landslides with a potential zone of medium to high ground movement, which has resulted in damage to land transportation routes between districts being cut off, damage to buildings, and loss of lives. The focus of this research is to determine the level of vulnerability and map the class of landslide hazards in the North Toraja Regency. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with Geographical Information Systems (GIS) approach and then analyzed by overlay and scoring (weighting). Based on data processing, the study produced a landslide hazard map in North Toraja Regency with five classes of vulnerability, namely: very low area of 58,049 km2 (50%), low area of 118,087 km2 (11.18%), medium area of 256,057 km2 (22.07%), rather high area of 195,872 km2 (16.07%), very high area of 11,972 km2 (1.03 %).

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling for Gully Erosion in the North of Algeria based on Data of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-63
Author(s):  
mohammad abbas daoudi mohammad abbas daoudi
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Rainfall Erosivity ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
The North

The problems of soil erosion are largely widespread in the countries of the Mediterranean basin. The process of gullying is a complex phenomenon with disastrous consequences. It particularly affects northern Algeria, decreasing the potentialities of the water tanks, reducing cultivable lands availability and degrading infrastructures. Therefore, this work studies the analysis and the prediction of gullying erosion by using a probabilistic approach based on multisource data. The objective of this search is to answer to the three following questions: i) which factors support the process of gullying ? ii) how does a process of gullying develop? iii) which are the zones favourable to gullying ? Works are undertaken on the catchment area of the Isser River. We focused the applications on the upstream part of the basin. In this research, we study a North-South transect which corresponds to three under-basins slopes. The choice of these tests areas answers to four criteria defined in our method: the representativeness, the homogeneity, the availability of former data and, finally, the accessibility. After the completion of the multisource data, modelling and multivariate analysis for the prediction of gullying. The combination factor-process by the univariate analysis allows on the one hand, to highlight the variables controlling the process of gullying, and on the other hand, to analyse the variables on a hierarchical basis and to know their degree of influence. The multivariate analysis, by the logistic regression model (LRM), enabled us to select the significant variables and to locate the most favourable zones for the process of gullying. The validation of the models is evaluated using the curves of lift spin. The results suggest that the factors highlighted by the model to be most influential on gullying erosion are: the lithology, the slope, the morphopedology, the rainfall erosivity and the land cover. The synthesis of this approach is illustrated in the form of charts of gullying erosion risk maps in four classes of probability. The assessment of the study shows the fundamental interest of this approach using geographical information systems and remote sensing, in particular for the watersheds of the southern Mediterranean, with the possibility of extending this methodology to other regions.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF LAND USE CHANGES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON SOIL FEATURES. CASE STUDY: SECAȘ VILLAGE, TIMIȘ COUNTY (ROMANIA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
Loredana Copăcean ◽  
Ionut Zisu ◽  
Valentina Mazăre ◽  
Luminiţa Cojocariu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Soil Features ◽  
The North

The soil, regarded as a natural resource, but also as a determinant element of the living standards of rural communities, manly agricultural, may be influenced, directly and indirectly, by the modality of land organizing and use. Starting from this consideration, through this study, the spatial and temporal evolution of land use is being pursued, particularly that of forest areas and wooded grasslands. The goal is to notice the changes that have occurred over a 30-year period and the manner how these changes are reflected on the soil features. The researches presented in this paper have been taking place in the north-eastern hilly area of Timiş County, that area having entirely a rural character. For realizing this study satellite images, topographical and cadastral maps, from different time periods, national and international databases, data from specialty literature were used. To all these we should add direct observations in the field, topographic surveys and information collected from local authorities. The processing of cartographic materials and data and scientific information has been realized with Geographical Information Systems specific applications. The obtained result has been expressed in the form of thematic maps, in graphic form or as statistical analysis. At the level of the analyzed area, the obvious changes in the land use, registered over time, are caused by a number of factors, such as: the organization form, from communist to capitalist policies, leaving agricultural land as fallow ground, reduction in livestock, changing land use etc. All these changes have caused the extension of the wooded grasslands, reduction of arable land, installing inferior forest vegetation in qualitative and quantitative terms etc. As a result, the soil, one of the most important natural resources, is degraded qualitatively, underexploited, and on the other hand, its role as a direct and indirect food producer for local communities is significantly reduced.

scholarly journals Geo-epidemiological reporting and spatial clustering of the 10 most prevalent cancers in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Babaee ◽  
Gholamreza Roshandel ◽  
Meysam Olfatifar ◽  
Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi ◽  
Arezou Ashaari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Index Method ◽  
The North ◽  
Global And Local

Cancer is a problem of both global and local concern. We determined the geo-epidemiological and spatial distribution of the 10 most common cancers in Iran. We used the data of the Iranian Cancer Registry for the year 2014 analysing the prevalence of 112,131 registered cancer cases with the aim of detecting potential geographical underlying causes. The geographic distribution of cancers is reported as standardized incidence rates at the provincial level considering risk with respect to sex and age. A geographical information systems (GIS) approach based on Anselin Local Moran’s index method was used to map clusters and spatial autocorrelation patterns. The mean age of the patients was 55.6 (±17.8) and 61.7 (±18.2) for females and males, respectively, in the database which showed 46.1% (n=51,665) of all cases to be female. Analysis of the spatial distribution of cancers showed significant differences among the different provinces. Stomach and breast cancers were the most prevalent cancers in men and females, respectively. The highest incidence rates of stomach cancer were found in Ardabil and Zanjan provinces, with 48.38 and 48.08 per 100,000 population, respectively, while Tehran and Yazd provinces had the highest incidences of breast cancer, 51.0 and 47.5 per 100,000 population, respectively. Strong clustering patterns for stomach and breast cancers were identified in the north-western provinces and in Semnan Province, respectively. These patterns indicate a diversity of geo-epidemiological contributing factors to cancer incidence in Iran.

Testing the relationship between marine transgression and evolving island palaeogeography using 3D GIS: an example from the Late Triassic of SW England

2021 ◽  
pp. jgs2020-158
Author(s):  
Jack Lovegrove ◽  
Andrew J. Newell ◽  
David I. Whiteside ◽  
Michael J. Benton
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The North ◽  
Species Area ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
The Uk

The Rhaetian transgression marked a major change in landscape. The Permian and Triassic had been a time of terrestrial conditions across Europe, including much of mainland UK, as well as the North Sea and Irish Sea, represented by red bed clastic successions. Seas flooded across Europe at 205.7 Ma and the shift from terrestrial to marine environments is marked in the UK by the switch from the red beds of the Mercia Mudstone Group to the black mudstones and shelly limestones and sandstones of the Penarth Group. The area around Bristol was marked by a complex landscape in which an archipelago of islands of Carboniferous limestone was formed in the new shallow seas. The application of new methods in geographical information systems allows a detailed exploration of a number of conformable surfaces, the unconformity between the underlying Paleozoic rocks and the overlying Mesozoic strata, as well as levels within the latest Triassic sediments, marking the advance of the sea and interactions with the coeval tectonics, which caused some islands to rise and some basins to descend. The new geographical information system models show a sequence of palaeogeographical reconstructions of the archipelago and relate this to the island tetrapod faunas, which show strong evidence of the species–area effect.Supplementary material: Supplementary tables S1-S6 and 2D island map GIS files are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5273256

scholarly journals Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability in the North Aquifer Area of Rhodes Island Using the GALDIT Method and GIS

Environments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Zografina Mavriou ◽  
Nerantzis Kazakis ◽  
Fotios-Konstantinos Pliakas
Keyword(s):  
Seawater Intrusion ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Thematic Maps ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The North ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
Groundwater Reserves ◽  
Galdit Method

Salinization of coastal aquifer systems constitutes a major threat for groundwater. Especially areas with high population density due to increasing tourist activity may face severe problems. In this study, the GALDIT method was applied in the north side of Rhodes Island, Greece, in order to assess groundwater vulnerability to seawater intrusion. Hydrogeological data were elaborated in geographical information systems (GIS), and appropriate thematic maps were produced. The final vulnerability map was obtained from the combination of the thematic maps using overlying techniques. Based on the application of the GALDIT method, a zone up to 1000 m from the shore is characterized by medium to high vulnerability, while medium vulnerability characterizes the eastern part of the study area. Overexploitation of the aquifer, due to the intense touristic activity in Ialysos area, constitutes the main reason for groundwater salinization due to seawater intrusion in the study area. Consequently, planning of proper groundwater management and systematic monitoring of the groundwater reserves are of the utmost importance in order to solve existing problems and prevent future issues of salinization.

scholarly journals Growth of Lethal Violence in Brazil 2000–2017: A Space-Temporal Analysis of Homicides

2021 ◽  
pp. 104398622110343
Author(s):  
Temidayo James Aransiola ◽  
Vania Ceccato ◽  
Marcelo Justus
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Homicide Rates ◽  
Lethal Violence ◽  
The North ◽  
Show Evidence

This study investigates the space-temporal growth of homicide rates in Brazil from 2000 to 2017 and identifies determinants of the country’s growth of homicide rates. Data from the Brazilian Information System on Mortality and Censuses are used to estimate growth models combined with spatial statistics and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Findings show evidence of change in the geographical distribution of lethal violence over time, characterized by a steady increase in the North and Northeast regions and a reduction in growth in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil. Social disorganization factors namely deprivation, ethnic heterogeneity, and urbanization are significant positive determinants of the growth of homicide rates. The results show a reduction of the predictive strength of income inequality and an increase in that of unemployment from the year 2010 to 2017. The theoretical and policy implications of these results are discussed.

scholarly journals Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment of the historical peninsula of Istanbul

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3483-3493 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ç. Ince
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Ground Movement ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Peak Ground Velocity ◽  
Exceedance Probability ◽  
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment ◽  
Spectral Acceleration ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Acceleration Parameter

Abstract. In order to design buildings that are resistant to earthquakes, first it is necessary to determine the parameters of ground motion. In this study, the earthquake seismic hazard analysis of the Old City Districts of Istanbul (Fatih and Eminonu) was probabilistically defined. For the analysis, the study zone was divided into 307 cells of 250 × 250 m using geographical information systems, and these cells were used in the mapping of all the data obtained. Then, for a building lifetime of 50 yr, the acceleration parameters of earthquake ground motions, peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and spectral acceleration values of 0.2 s and 1 s were obtained at the bedrock level according to 10% and 40% exceedances. Additionally, in order to produce the artificial acceleration-time records of the ground movement in accordance with the NEHRP acceleration spectrum, the TARSCHTS computer simulation program was utilized. The results of the analysis showed that for the 10% probability of exceedance, the peak bedrock acceleration values ranged from 0.30 g to 0.40 g, and for the 40% exceedance probability the acceleration values ranged from 0.22 g to 0.17 g. The Ss 10% exceedance probability, calculated according to the spectral acceleration parameter, ranged from 0.67 g to 0.85 g and the spectral acceleration parameter S1 varied between 0.22 g–0.28 g. The Ss 40% exceedance probability, calculated according to the spectral acceleration parameter, ranged from 0.46 g to 0.38 g and the spectral acceleration parameter S1 varied from 0.12 g to 0.14 g.

scholarly journals Vulnerability of soils in the watershed of Wadi El Hammam to water erosion (Algeria)

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gliz ◽  
Boualem Remini ◽  
Djamel Anteur ◽  
Mohammed Makhlouf
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Control Erosion ◽  
Reference Document

Abstract Located in the north west of Algeria, the watershed of Wadi El Hammam is threatened by water erosion that has resulted the silting of reservoirs at cascade: Ouizert, Bouhanifia and Fergoug. The objective of this study is to develop a methodology using remote sensing and geographical information systems (GIS) to map the zones presenting sensibility of water erosion in this watershed. It aims to produce a sensibility map that can be used as a reference document for planners. The methodology presented consists of three factors that control erosion: the slope, the friability material and the land use, which were integrated into a GIS. The derived erosion sensibility map shows three areas of vulnerability to water erosion: low, medium and high. The area of high vulnerability corresponds to sub-basin of Fergoug.

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