scholarly journals FORMATION OF MIXED AGRO-PHYTOCENOSES OF ALFERA AND CONCEPT IN THE FIRST YEAR OF VEGETATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
О.А. Тимошкин ◽  
С.А. Сёмина ◽  
О.Ю. Тимошкина ◽  
С.А. Алексеев
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Smooth Brome ◽  
Mixed Crops

Исследования проводили на опытном поле Пензенского ИСХ – филиале ФГБНУ ФНЦ ЛК в 2017-2019 годах. Цель исследований – теоретически обосновать и разработать технологические приемы возделывания люцерны изменчивой сорт Дарья и костреца безостого сорт Удалец на кормовые цели в смешанных посевах, базирующихся на подборе норм высева и фона минерального питания, обеспечивающих максимальную продуктивность агрофитоценозов в условиях лесостепи Среднего Поволжья. Посев – летний (июнь), беспокровный. Норма высева в чистом виде: люцерны и костреца по 6 млн. всх. семян на 1 га, в смешанных посевах – согласно схемы опыта. Способ посева – рядовой (размещение культур – черезрядное). Показано, что увеличение нормы высева с 40 до 100 % как люцерны, так и костреца способствует лучшей всхожести семян. Так, всхожесть семян люцерны при высеве 40 % от полной нормы составила 45,3 %, при высеве 70 % – 50,9 %, при высеве 100 % от нормы высева – 53,9 %. У костреца безостого показатели всхожести в среднем за три года составили от 30,0 до 36,6 %. Анализ влияния фона минерального питания показал, что внесение минеральных удобрений в годы с недостатком осадков оказало негативное влияние на показатель всхожести семян изучаемых культур. Изучение сохранности растений в зависимости от нормы высева компонентов показало, что с увеличением нормы высева с 40 до 100 % сохранность люцерны снижается с 62,8 % до 50,1 %, костреца безостого – с 37,5 % до 22,3 %. Улучшение фона минерального питания также приводило к снижению сохранности растений: люцерны с 62,7 % в контроле до 59,4-56,9 % при внесении фосфорно-калийных и азотно-фосфорно-калийных удобрений, костреца безостого – с 36,6 до 32,9-28,9 %. Высота растений люцерны варьировала от 35 до 48 см, чем выше норма высева семян, тем более высокий травостой формируется растениями люцерны. Высота растений костреца также зависела от нормы высева и внесения минеральных удобрений в дозе N45P60K90. Урожайность зеленой массы люцерны варьировала от 3,3-3,9 т/га при высеве 40 %, до 4,2-5,1 т/га при высеве 55 %, 5,2-6,3 т/га при высеве 70 % и 6,2-7,8 т/га при высеве 100 %. Внесение P60K90приводило к получению существенных прибавок урожайности люцерны по сравнению с контрольным вариантом, в то же время различия между вариантами с внесением P60K90 и N45P60K90 были несущественными. The studies were carried out on the experimental field of the Penza Agricultural Institute, a branch of the Federal State-Funded Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Center of Fibre Crops in 2017-2019. The purpose of the research is to theoretically substantiate and develop technological methods for cultivating the variegated lucerne of Daria variety and smooth brome of Udalets variety for fodder purposes in mixed crops, based on the selection of seeding rates and the mineral nutrient status, ensuring maximum productivity of agrophytocenoses in the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region. Seeding was in Summer (June), coverless. Pure seeding rate: lucerne and brome 6 mln viable seeds per 1 ha, in mixed crops - according to the experimental design. The method of seeding is ordinary (placement of crops is inter-row). It was shown that an increase in the seeding rate from 40 to 100 % of both lucerne and brome promotes better seed germination. So, the germination rate of lucerne seeds when seeding 40 % of the total seeding rate was 45.3 %, when seeding 70 % - 50.9 %, when seeding 100 % of the seeding rate - 53.9 %. Germination rates of smooth brome, on average over three years ranged from 30.0 to 36.6 %. An analysis of the influence of the mineral nutrient status showed that the application of mineral fertilizers in years with a lack of precipitation had a negative impact on the seed germination rate of the studied crops. A study of the survival of plants depending on the seeding rate of the components showed that with an increase in the seeding rate from 40 to 100 %, the lucerne survival decreases from 62.8 % to 50.1 %, and the smooth brome survival decreases from 37.5 % to 22.3 %. Improving the mineral nutrient status also led to a decrease in plant survival: that of lucerne from 62.7 % in the control to 59.4-56.9 % when phosphorus-potassium and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium fertilizers were applied, survival of smooth brome - from 36.6 to 32.9-28.9 %. The height of lucerne varied from 35 to 48 cm, the higher the seed seeding rate, the higher herbage is formed by lucerne. The height of brome also depended on the seeding rate and the application of mineral fertilizers in a dose of N45P60K90. The yield of green mass of lucerne varied from 3.3-3.9 t/ha at 40 % seeding rate, to 4.2-5.1 t/ha at 55 % seeding rate, 5.2-6.3 t/ha at 70 % seeding rate and 6.2-7.8 t/ha at 100 % seeding rate. Addition of P60K90 resulted in significant increases in lucerne yields compared with the control variant, while the differences between the variants with addition of P60K90 and N45P60K90were not significant.

scholarly journals Evaluation of grass mixtures of a lawn type in the conditions of forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-714
Author(s):  
O. A. Timoshkin ◽  
O. Yu. Timoshkina ◽  
E. V. Timoshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Projective Cover ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga

In 2019-2020, the quality of lawn-type grass mixtures based on creeping clover (Trifolium repens L.), meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis), pasture ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and meadow bluegrass (Poa pratensis) was evaluated in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region (Penza region). The studied factors are the composition of the mixtures (creeping clover + bluegrass component), the seeding rates of the components (40 + 70 %; 55 + 55 %; 70 + 40 %) and the background of mineral nutrition (without fertilizers, P45K45, N30P45K45). The growing season during the years of research was characterized by arid conditions, the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) for the period May-September in 2019 was 0.79, in 2020 - 0.76. On average, over two years of grass mixtures of creeping clover with meadow bluegrass at a seeding rate of 40 + 70 % and 70 + 40 % (from the seeding rate in pure form), creeping clover with meadow fescue with a seeding rate of 70 + 40 % components at all doses of mineral fertilizers had the highest comprehensive assessment of the quality of the lawn. The grass mixtures of creeping clover with meadow bluegrass (70 + 40 %) and creeping clover with meadow fescue (70 + 40 %) against the background of application of N30P45K45 had the maximum indicators in terms of herbage density (1425 and 1475 pcs/m2), which significantly exceeded the control and the variant with the introduction of Р45К45. In these variants, the highest indicators of projective cover (97.5 %) and a comprehensive assessment of "excellent" and "highest quality". According to weediness, the crops were estimated at 1 point (slightly weedy), per 1 m2 of annual and biennial weeds there were 24-27 pcs., rhizome weeds - less than 10 pcs. per 1 m2, the area of weed projective cover did not exceed 5 %.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SINGLE AND MIXED CROPS OF PERMANENT GRASS ON SOIL ENZYMIC ACTIVITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Галина Марковская ◽  
Galina Markovskaya ◽  
Светлана Гусева ◽  
Svetlana Guseva
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Enzymic Activity ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Smooth Brome ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Mixed Crops

The research is aimed at the development of effective methods to restore soil fertility under intensive agrogenic loads. The studies were conducted in the fields of the Department of Plant Cultivation and Agriculture from 2016 to 2018. The following variants of single-species and mixed crops of perennial grasses were studied: 1. awnless brome; 2. crested wheat grass; 3. awnless brome + smooth brome; 4. crested wheat grass + Agropyron; 5 awnless brome + smooth brome + Hungarian sainfoin; 6. crested wheat grass + Agropyron + Hungarian sainfoin. Medium soil samples were taken from the experimental field from all variants of single-species and mixed crops of perennial grasses in triplicate in three periods: beginning, middle, and end of the growing season. Samples were taken from depth of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm. Bacteria number was assessed by sowing special soil mixture on the solid sterile MPA media according to the method of J. Sega. Enzyme activity was determined by the method of A. Sh. Galstyan. When studying the activity of PPO, a high activity of this enzyme was observed in the soil layer of 20-40 cm. The analysis of the activity of the enzyme peroxidase has various indicators both between the studied variants and in the soil section. The high activity of the enzymes was noted in the variants «awnless brome + smooth brome» and «crested wheat grass + Agropyron + Hungarian sainfoin». In the process of research, a correlation was found between peroxidase activity and the number of bacteria. The highest coefficient of humification was noted in the «awnless brome», the lowest – «crested wheat grass + Agropyron + Hungarian sainfoin». From 2016 to 2018, in the first variant, a decrease in the coefficient of humification is observed. Thus, of the above options, with the optimal species composition, the following options turned out to be: « awnless brome», «awnless brome +smooth brome», «awnless brome +smooth brome + Hungarian sainfoin». Research data were processed by the dispersion method.

scholarly journals OPTIMUM SOWING NORMS OF SUNFLOWER OF RODNIK VARIETY DEPENDING OF MINERAL NUTRITION BACKGROUND ON GREY FOREST SOILS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Фаик Сафиоллин ◽  
Faik Safiollin ◽  
Рустам Низамов ◽  
Rustam Nizamov ◽  
Салават Сулейманов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga

We can expect to receive from 0.81 to 0.97 tons of sunflower oil seeds per hectare in the soil-climatic conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region without the introduction of mineral fertilizers. As the doses of mineral fertilizers are increased, the productivity of 1 hectare of arable land is increased 2.8 times and the gross collections of oilseeds are 2.14 tons per hectare at the non highest background of mineral nutrition, against 0.86 tons per hectare in the control variant of the experiment (without fertilizers). The optimization of seeding rates of the studied culture is of great importance in the formation of highly productive agrocenoses. In the variants of supplementary supply of plants with nutrients, especially when N98P38K124 is introduced, the seeding rate of 70 thousand pieces per hectare of virgin seeds raises the yield of sunflower by 0.51 tons per hectare (a very solid increase in yield), compared with the sowing rate of 60 thousand pieces per hectare.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND SEEDING NORMS ON CROP AND OIL OF SUNFLOWER SEEDS UNDER CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE OF MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Владимир Владимиров ◽  
Vladimir Vladimirov ◽  
Евгений Чугунов ◽  
Evgeniy Chugunov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Increase In Productivity

The increase in productivity, quality of sunflower seeds is largely dependent on the optimal doses of fertilizers and plant density in relation to a particular variety and agroclimatic conditions of the region. The aim of our research was to study the effect of the seeding rate and the background of mineral nutrition on the productivity and quality of seeds of Orenbar sunflower hybrid. The application of mineral fertilizers in a dose of N90P60K90 on average for four years ensured the formation of a crop with a planting density of 47 thousand pcs per hectare – 1.536 tons per hectare. As the seeding rate increased to 74 thousand pcs per hectare - the productivity increased by 0.376 tons per hectare and amounted to - 2.839 tons per hectare against the background of mineral fertilizers in the dose of N90P60K90. This variant had the highest oil yield – 1.463.9 kg per hectare.

EFFECTIVENESS OF MINERAL FERTILIZER ACCORDING TO SOIL MOISTURE FOR PLANTING OF SPRING DURUM WHEAT IN THE CONDITIONS FOREST-STEPPE OF MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Амиров ◽  
Marat Amirov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Main Factors

The paper presents the results of research on leached chernozem and gray forest soils on the effect of mineral fertilizers in combination with various indicators of soil moisture, watering. During all periods of its growth and development durum wheat is more demanding on the main factors than soft wheat, so its cultivation technology should be directed to the full realization of the potential of this crop.

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL APPROVALS OF SPRING WHEAT PRODUCTION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT-BANK FOREST UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Mihaylo Polishuk ◽  
Ruslan Antko
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
The Right

The article presents the effectiveness of the influence of certain agrotechnical components of the technology of growing wheat wheat in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. The positive influence of application of foliar fertilization of crops is shown. The prospects of using the complex application of intensification elements are determined. It has been established that the optimization of the mode of power provides a more complete disclosure of the resource potential of plants, which increases yields. Reindeer nutrition should be considered as an element of supplementation to the soil nutrition system, primarily due to the fact that plants are able to absorb nutrients through the leaf surface only in limited quantities, with excess concentration of which possible burns or intoxication of plants. The use of foliar feeding on the background of the main fertilizer has been found to have a positive effect on productivity and quality. The role of the plant nutrition system, which allows to control the formation of grain productivity of spring wheat crops, is substantiated. It has been found that the optimization of the nutrition regime provides a fuller disclosure of the resource potential of the plants, thereby increasing the yield. Nutrition optimization provides more complete disclosure of plant resource potential, thereby increasing yields. It is determined that under the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine the level of spring wheat yield is largely determined by the amount of rainfall that has fallen during the growing season. By optimizing the wheat's nutritional conditions, its productivity increases substantially, regardless of weather and climatic conditions. The use of mineral fertilizers, especially nitrogen in combination with phosphorus and potassium, can significantly improve the nutritional regime of the soil. The available nutrients of the plant are provided as a result of the mineralization of organic compounds by soil microorganisms and the transition of soluble mineral substances into solubility. This creates a more favorable environment for the growth and development of plants and for maintaining high soil fertility. At the end of the spring wheat vegetation, there was a redistribution of nitric and ammoniacal forms of nitrogen. It is advisable to continue research in this area and to deepen in connection with the emergence of new varieties, preparations and changes in climatic and soil conditions. Key words: spring wheat, yield, variety, sowing dates, seeding rate.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF MIXED AGRO-PHYTOCENOSIS OF PERENNIAL GRASSES UNDER THE GROWTH STIMULANTS USE

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Ирина Карлова ◽  
Irina Karlova ◽  
Василий Васин ◽  
Vasiliy Vasin ◽  
Алексей Васин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Laboratory Staff ◽  
Smooth Brome ◽  
Fruit Formation

The purpose of the research is the formation of mixed hay-pasture grass-based costretsa; the application of growth stimulants in the Middle Volga region forest-steppe conditions. Growth stimulants use for plant growing along with other agrotechnical methods of intensive technologies of crop cultivation is absolutely relevant and advantageous method of increasing the productive efficiency. The studies were conducted by the fodder crop rotation laboratory staff of The Department of plant growing and agriculture of the Samara State Agricultural Academy on the base of field experience, taking into account the technical tips for field experiments with fodder crops. The article stipulates the results of studies taking into account the period between 2015-2018, with the assessment of seed quality, seed-ling emergence, plant height and overhead weight gain. The study of the herbage on the basis of the Awnless brome showed that good indicators of herbage formation parameters are achieved with bean components use. The best option Awnless brome + Smooth brome + Hungarian sainfoin, but mixture Awnless brome + Smooth brome + Alfalfa Sinegibridnaya provides herbage quality as well. Observations showed that the growth of culm in height occurs gradually from the beginning of vegetation (the grass tillering phase and branching in legumes) to the phase of fruit formation; the more components in the grass mixture, the higher its productivity. The use of rosta stim-ulants (Gumi 20M and Growth Matrix) leads to change in the parameters of herbage and the accumulation of over-head mass. The highest rates are observed in the phase of fruit formation with the maximum values in the grass-mixtures with bean components.

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers and seeding rates on the yield and quality of spring wheat grain

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Dmitry Aleksandrovich Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Germinating Seeds

The article presents the results of field research conducted in 2018-2019 on leached Chernozem of the Volga forest-steppe. The objects of research are varieties of spring wheat-Tulaykovskaya 10, Yoldyz and Tulaykovskaya 108. At different seeding rates of 5.0 and 5.5 million germinating seeds per ha, the effect of mineral fertilizers on 1 ha was studied. They were represented by a complete mineral fertilizer (azofoska) and fertilizing with a mineral nitrogen fertilizer in the tillering phase at doses of 30, 60 and 90 kg of AD/ha against this background. Analysis of the yield of spring wheat varieties indicates that the harvest of grain variety Yoldyz in variants with a seeding rate of 5.5 million germinating seeds per ha against the background of the application of ammonium nitrate at a dose of 60 kg of DA (2.52 t/ha) was superior to other varieties Tulaykovskaya 10 and Tulaykovskaya 108 (2.51 and 2.46 t/ha). The maximum increase in seed productivity when adding ammonium nitrate in the tillage phase of the crop was in Tulaykovskaya 10 variety (0.34 t/ha), the lowest in the Yoldyz variety (0.06 t/ha) compared to the variant with amofoska application in the pre-sowing cultivation. When increasing the doses of nitrogen fertilizers there was an increase in the water content of all the studied varieties by 1-3 PCs. While increasing the seeding rate from 5.0 to 5.5 million germinating seeds per 1 ha the number of grains in the ear changed on average for varieties by 1-2 PCs. Of all the studied varieties, the largest mass of 1,000 grains was in the Yoldyz variety (40.56 g) after azofoska application in the presowing cultivation + N60 during tillering at a seeding rate of 5.0 million germinating seeds per 1 ha, the smallest in the Tulaykovskaya 108 variety (37.87 g) after azofoska application at a dose of 0.15 t/ha at a seeding rate of 5.0 million   germinating seeds per 1 ha.

scholarly journals Main directions of development of agro-technologies for production of spring wheat species for sustainable agriculture in the forest-steppe of the middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00071
Author(s):  
Marat Amirov ◽  
Farit Shaikhutdinov ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Albina Serzhanova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Middle Volga

The article presents the results of research conducted in different soil and climatic conditions of the Middle Volga region on the influence of regulated factors, as well as environmental factors on the production process of plants of various types of spring wheat. The amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is enough to obtain yields within 12–13 tons of dry biomass or 6–7 tons of grain. Natural precipitation is able to provide 3.82–4.36 t of spring wheat grain from 1 ha, and 4.5–6.3 t/ha by the total influence of solar energy, heat and moisture supply. Natural level of soil fertility without application of organic and mineral fertilizers allows to receive about 2 tons of spring wheat grain from 1 ha. Application of nitrogen in the form of ammoniac water (N-20.5 %) increased the yield in comparison with the use of nitrogen in the form of ammoniac saltpeter: the increase was 0.14 t per 1 ha. In the conditions of grey forest soil in the Predkamye region of the Republic of Tatarstan the optimal norm of sowing of spring wheat Triticum dicoccum Schuebl (spelt) depending on the feeding background was established. Growth of yield at sowing of 6 million seeds per hectare at all levels of nutrition in comparison with sowing rate of 4 million tons per hectare was 0.18 tons per hectare against the natural background, against the estimated background of NRC on 2.0 tons of grain – 0.19 tons and 2.5 tons of grain – 0.24 tons per hectare. The maximum yield increase was received at a combination of a mineral foodstuff with an optimum norm of sowing and has made on a settlement background 2 tons of grain from hectare – 0.20 tons, on 2.5 tons of grain – 0.34 tons from hectare. Thus, the aim of our research was to develop methods of growing high yielding quality grain of different types of wheat adapted to the conditions of forest-steppe in the Volga region.

scholarly journals Substrate moisture and temperature in Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh germination

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2375
Author(s):  
Edlânia Maria de Souza ◽  
Edna Ursulino Alves ◽  
Maria Lúcia Maurício da Silva ◽  
Luciana Rodrigues de Araújo ◽  
Maria Das Mercês Serafim dos Santos Neta
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Water Volumes

Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh, a member of the Fabaceae, is commonly known as feijão-guandu. It was introduced into Brazil because it readily adapts to local climate conditions and tolerates a wide range of water and mineral nutrient levels. The objective of this study was to determine the substrate temperatures and water volumes that are conducive to feijão-guandu seed germination and seedling vigor. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis of the Centre of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, PB, Brazil. Seed germination was tested using paper towel rolls moistened with volumes of water equivalent to 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4 times the dry mass of the substrate. Variable temperatures in the range of 20 °C to 30 °C and constant temperatures of 25 °C, 30 °C, and 35 °C were used. The experimental design was completely randomized. The variables analyzed were water content, percent germination, first germination count, germination rate index, and seedling root and shoot lengths and dry weights. Increasing the volume of water used to moisten the substrate hindered feijão-guandu germination at all temperatures. It was determined that moistening the substrate with water volumes equivalent to 2.8 and 3.5 times the substrate dry weight at 30 °C and 35 °C, respectively, were the ideal conditions for evaluating feijão-guandu seed germination and seedling vigor.

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