scholarly journals PROGRESS AND PRECLUSION OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: A STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-162
Author(s):  
R. Kanthavel ◽  
R. Dhaya
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Joint Degeneration ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Osteoarthritis Treatment ◽  
Prevention Methods

There is a need for better medical and preclinical instruments to diagnose knee OA in its initial phases owing to the increase occurrence of knee osteoarthritis (OA), a devastating knee joint degeneration. Osteoarthritis commonly affects patients who are obese and those above the age of 60. This mainly happens to age down and over-weighted people. The goal is to provide practical methods for assessing the seriousness of knee OA quickly and with human consistency. We also present Changes that affect your chances of getting sick of knee osteoarthritis, Treatment of knee osteoarthritis and the Prevention methods of knee osteoarthritis.

The Relationship Between Early-Stage Knee Osteoarthritis and Lower-Extremity Alignment, Joint Laxity, and Subjective Scores of Pain, Stiffness, and Function

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Charlie A. Hicks-Little ◽  
Richard D. Peindl ◽  
Tricia J. Hubbard-Turner ◽  
Mitchell L. Cordova
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Joint Laxity ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Lower Extremity Alignment ◽  
Knee Joint Laxity ◽  
And Function

Context:Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating disease that affects an estimated 27 million Americans. Changes in lowerextremity alignment and joint laxity have been found to redistribute the medial and/or lateral loads at the joint. However, the effect that changes in anteroposterior knee-joint laxity have on lower-extremity alignment and function in individuals with knee OA remains unclear.Objective:To examine anteroposterior knee-joint laxity, lower-extremity alignment, and subjective pain, stiffness, and function scores in individuals with early-stage knee OA and matched controls and to determine if a relationship exists among these measures.Design:Case control.Setting:Sports-medicine research laboratory.Participants:18 participants with knee OA and 18 healthy matched controls.Intervention:Participants completed the Western Ontario McMaster (WOMAC) osteoarthritis questionnaire and were tested for total anteroposterior knee-joint laxity (A-P) and knee-joint alignment (ALIGN).Main Outcome Measures:WOMAC scores, A-P (mm), and ALIGN (°).Results:A significant multivariate main effect for group (Wilks’ Λ = 0.30, F7,26 = 8.58, P < .0001) was found. Knee-OA participants differed in WOMAC scores (P < .0001) but did not differ from healthy controls on ALIGN (P = .49) or total A-P (P = .66). No significant relationships were identified among main outcome measures.Conclusion:These data demonstrate that participants with early-stage knee OA had worse pain, stiffness, and functional outcome scores than the matched controls; however, ALIGN and A-P were no different. There was no association identified among participants’ subjective scores, ALIGN, or A-P measures in this study.

scholarly journals Depression in patients with knee osteoarthritis: risk factors and associations with joint symptoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Zheng ◽  
Liudan Tu ◽  
Flavia Cicuttini ◽  
Zhaohua Zhu ◽  
Weiyu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Womac Pain ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Symptomatic Knee ◽  
Joint Symptoms ◽  
Patient Health

Abstract Background:To describe demographic and clinical factors associated with the prevalence and incidence of depression and explore the temporal relationship between depression and joint symptoms in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods:413 participants were selected from a randomized controlled trial in people with symptomatic knee OA and vitamin D deficiency (age 63.2 ± 7.0 year, 50.4% female). Depression severity and knee joint symptoms were assessed using the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), respectively, at baseline and 24 months. Results: The prevalence and incidence of depression was 25.4% and 11.2%, respectively. At baseline, having younger age, a higher body mass index (BMI), greater scores of WOMAC pain (PR: 1.05, 95%CI:1.03, 1.07), dysfunction (PR: 1.02, 95%CI:1.01, 1.02) and stiffness (PR: 1.05, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.09), lower education level, having more than one comorbidity and having two or more painful body sites were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of depression. Over 24 months, being female, having a higher WOMAC pain (RR: 1.05, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.09) and dysfunction score (RR: 1.02, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.03) at baseline and having two or more painful sites were significantly associated with a higher incidence of depression. In contrast, baseline depression was not associated with changes in knee joint symptoms over 24 months. Conclusion: Knee OA risk factors and joint symptoms, along with co-existing multi-site pain are associated with the prevalence and development of depression. This suggests that managing common OA risk factors and joint symptoms may be important for prevention and treatment depression in patients with knee OA.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01176344Anzctr.org.au identifier: ACTRN12610000495022

scholarly journals RADIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF KNEE JOINT WIDTH DIFFERENCES IN OLDER ADULTS WITH SYMPTOMATIC MEDIAL KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAMWON YOON ◽  
YOUNGJOO CHA ◽  
HYUNSIK YOON ◽  
KYOUNGTAE KIM ◽  
ILBONG PARK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Joint Space Width ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Unaffected Side ◽  
Medial Knee ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Affected Side ◽  
Significant Difference

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative articular disease. The knee joint space width (JSW) is used for grading the severity of knee OA. However, there is a lack of research on differences in the widths of knee joints between both lower limbs in unilateral OA. The purpose of this research was to examine the radiological difference in the affected knee joint and contralateral knee joint by analyzing unilateral older adults with medial knee OA using both knees’ JSW differences. Twenty-five subjects with unilateral medial knee OA participated. X-ray radiographs were used to assess knee JSW, and the paired [Formula: see text]-test was performed to assess the knee joint gap width between the affected side and the unaffected side in the respective medial and lateral sides. The independent [Formula: see text]-test compared the differences between the lateral and medial knee JSWs on the affected side and unaffected side. The paired [Formula: see text]-test did not show a significant difference in the medial and lateral knee JSW on the affected side compared to the unaffected side ([Formula: see text]; 0.11). Meanwhile, the independent [Formula: see text]-test revealed a significant difference between the affected and unaffected sides ([Formula: see text]). This study showed no significant changes in affected knee JSWs compared to unaffected sides, but the difference between the lateral and medial JSWs was significant between the knees affected and unaffected by OA in the older adults with medial knee OA.

scholarly journals Depression in patients with knee osteoarthritis: risk factors and associations with joint symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Zheng ◽  
Liudan Tu ◽  
Flavia Cicuttini ◽  
Zhaohua Zhu ◽  
Weiyu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Womac Pain ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Symptomatic Knee ◽  
Joint Symptoms

Abstract Background To describe demographic and clinical factors associated with the presence and incidence of depression and explore the temporal relationship between depression and joint symptoms in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Three hundred ninety-seven participants were selected from a randomized controlled trial in people with symptomatic knee OA and vitamin D deficiency (age 63.3 ± 7.1 year, 48.6% female). Depression severity and knee joint symptoms were assessed using the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), respectively, at baseline and 24 months. Results The presence and incidence of depression was 25.4 and 11.2%, respectively. At baseline, having younger age, a higher body mass index (BMI), greater scores of WOMAC pain (PR: 1.05, 95%CI:1.03, 1.07), dysfunction (PR: 1.02, 95%CI:1.01, 1.02) and stiffness (PR: 1.05, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.09), lower education level, having more than one comorbidity and having two or more painful body sites were significantly associated with a higher presence of depression. Over 24 months, being female, having a higher WOMAC pain (RR: 1.05, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.09) and dysfunction score (RR: 1.02, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.03) at baseline and having two or more painful sites were significantly associated with a higher incidence of depression. In contrast, baseline depression was not associated with changes in knee joint symptoms over 24 months. Conclusion Knee OA risk factors and joint symptoms, along with co-existing multi-site pain are associated with the presence and development of depression. This suggests that managing common OA risk factors and joint symptoms may be important for prevention and treatment depression in patients with knee OA. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01176344. Anzctr.org.au identifier: ACTRN12610000495022.

scholarly journals Tibial Condyle Valgus Osteotomy for Ipsilateral Knee Osteoarthritis after Hip Arthrodesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Daisuke Fukuhara ◽  
Hiroaki Inoue ◽  
Shuji Nakagawa ◽  
Yuji Arai ◽  
Kenji Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Valgus Osteotomy ◽  
Hip Arthrodesis ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Early Loosening ◽  
Tibial Condyle ◽  
End Stage

We report a case of tibial condylar valgus osteotomy (TCVO) for ipsilateral knee osteoarthritis (OA) after hip arthrodesis. A 58-year-old woman developed right purulent hip arthritis at one month of age and underwent right hip fusion at 16 years old. She visited our department at the age of 57 because her right knee joint pain worsened. The range of motion for her right knee was 80° and -5° of flexion and extension, respectively, and she experienced medial weight-bearing pain. A plain X-ray image showed that the right knee joint had end-stage knee OA with a bone defect inside the tibia, and the tibial plateau shape was the pagoda type. There was a marked instability in her right knee with a valgus of 9° and varus of 7° on stress photography. She underwent TCVO on her right knee and was allowed full load four weeks after surgery. Computed tomography imaging showed bone union nine months after surgery. Two years after the operation, there was no correction loss, and she could walk independently without pain. In general, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is indicated for end-stage knee OA; however, there are problems, such as early loosening due to the increased mechanical load on the knee after hip OA. In this case, since a good course was obtained, TCVO is considered a treatment option for terminal knee OA after hip arthrodesis.

scholarly journals The Effect of Correction Algorithms on Knee Kinematics and Kinetics during Gait of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hanna Ulbricht ◽  
Meijin Hou ◽  
Xiangbin Wang ◽  
Jian He ◽  
Yanxin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Flexion Moment

In gait analysis, the accuracy of knee joint angles and moments is critical for clinical decision-making. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of two existing algorithms for knee joint axis correction under pathological conditions. Gait data from 20 healthy participants and 20 patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) were collected using a motion capture system. An algorithm based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and a functional joint-based algorithm (FJA) were used to define the knee joint flexion axis. The results show that PCA decreased crosstalk for both groups, and FJA reduced crosstalk in patients with knee OA only. PCA decreased the range of motions of patients with knee OA in the direction of abduction/adduction significantly. There was a significant increase in the maximum knee flexion moment of patients with knee OA by FJA. The results indicate that both algorithms can efficiently reduce crosstalk for gait from patients with knee OA, which can further influence the results of knee joint angles and moments. We recommend that the correction algorithms be applied in clinical gait analysis with patients with knee OA.

Clinical Efficacy of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Versus Stromal Vascular Fraction Injection in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110145
Author(s):  
Ioanna K. Bolia ◽  
Sofia Bougioukli ◽  
William J. Hill ◽  
Nicholas A. Trasolini ◽  
Frank A. Petrigliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Symptomatic Improvement ◽  
Knee Oa

Background: Knee injection using either bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) or stromal vascular fraction (SVF) from adipose tissue has been shown to result in symptomatic improvement in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). It is still unclear whether one of these therapies is superior over the other. Purpose: To systematically report the clinical studies evaluating BMAC and SVF in the treatment of knee OA and to compare the clinical efficacy of these 2 injection therapies. Study Design: Meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: This meta-analysis was performed per the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. Studies were included if they reported the clinical outcomes after a single BMAC or SVF injection in the knee joint of patients with OA. Studies evaluating preparations of culture-expanded stem cells were excluded. A random effects model was used; the clinical efficacy of BMAC or SVF injection was assessed using the standardized mean difference (SMD) and compared. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores for pain and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) knee index were the primary outcomes. The level of statistical significance was set at P < .05. Results: Ten studies and 472 patients with knee OA who received either BMAC (233 patients) or SVF (239 patients) were included. Patients who received an injection had improved VAS outcomes (mean ± SD): from 5.8 ± 1.3 to 2.6 ± 17 for BMAC and from 6.4 ± 1.4 to 3.4 ± 0.5 for SVF. They also experienced significantly reduced pain (SMD [VAS], 2.6 for BMAC and 3.4 for SVF) and improved function (SMD [WOMAC], 1.4 for BMAC and 1.2 for SVF). However, the SVF injection had a significantly greater effect on pain reduction than did the BMAC injection ( P < .0001). Based on WOMAC, the clinical effect of BMAC versus SVF knee injection in patients with knee OA was equivalent ( P = .626). Results were limited by the presence of publication bias as well as variability in the preparation methods utilized in the BMAC and SVF injection protocols. Complications were reported in 50% of the BMAC studies (knee stiffness, persistent knee swelling) and 67% of the SVF studies (knee swelling, knee pain, positive SVF cultures without symptoms of infection, and bleeding at the abdominal harvest site). Conclusion: A single BMAC or SVF injection into the knee joint of patients with OA resulted in symptomatic improvement at short-term follow-up. However, SVF seemed to be more effective than did BMAC in the reduction of knee pain. There was significant variation in the BMAC and SVF injection preparation techniques used across the studies and a lack of stratification of outcomes based on the radiologic classification of OA. Therefore, these results should be taken with caution.

scholarly journals Developments in Smart Multi-Function Gait Assistive Devices for the Prevention and Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis—A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10947
Author(s):  
Hanatsu Nagano ◽  
William Sparrow ◽  
Rezaul Begg
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Smart Systems ◽  
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Senior Population ◽  
Electro Magnetic ◽  
Joint Motions

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative condition that critically affects locomotor ability and quality of life and, the condition is particularly prevalent in the senior population. The current review presents a gait biomechanics conceptual framework for designing active knee orthoses to prevent and remediate knee OA. Constant excessive loading diminishes knee joint articular cartilage and, therefore, measures to reduce kinetic stresses due to the fact of adduction moments and joint compression are an essential target for OA prevention. A powered orthosis enables torque generation to support knee joint motions and machine-learning-driven “smart systems” can optimise the magnitude and timing of joint actuator forces. Although further research is required, recent findings raise the possibility of exoskeleton-supported, non-surgical OA interventions, increasing the treatment options for this prevalent, painful and seriously debilitating disease. Combined with advances in regenerative medicine, such as stem cell implantation and manipulation of messenger ribonucleic acid (m-RNA) transcription, active knee orthoses can be designed to incorporate electro-magnetic stimulators to promote articular cartilage resynthesis.

scholarly journals Occupation and sports participation as risk factors for the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2278
Author(s):  
Amjad Waheed Yousuf ◽  
Awhad Mueed Yousuf ◽  
Aasiy Ul Erum
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Excessive Strain ◽  
Biomechanical Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cause Of Pain

Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of pain and disability worldwide. In majority of cases of knee OA the etiology remains unidentified, however, a number of systemic and local biomechanical factors have been associated with the increased risk of this disorder. These factors may determine the onset of knee OA and rapidity with which the disorder progresses. Occupation and sports participation are among the commonly implicated risk factors and have been studied in detail for their relationship with knee OA. An increased risk of knee OA has been observed in people who are involved in jobs requiring bending and kneeling of the knee joint. Likewise, persons who participate in sports involving excessive strain of the knee joint also carry a higher risk of development of this disorder in the later part of their life. In this review we present the data, obtained from original resources, determining the relationship between occupation and sports participation with the onset and progression of knee OA.

Tibiofemoral Joint Contact During the Loading Response Phase of Gait in Individuals With Concurrent Knee Osteoarthritis and Complaints of Joint Instability

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie A. Rainis ◽  
Shawn Farrokhi ◽  
Scott Tashman ◽  
G. Kelley Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Path Length ◽  
Joint Instability ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Joint Motion ◽  
Tibiofemoral Joint ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Joint Contact ◽  
Response Phase

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions affecting older adults and commonly leads to pain and functional limitations. Many individuals with knee OA also report episodes of knee instability, which has been shown to adversely affect their ability to perform weight-bearing functional tasks. [1] Recently it was reported that individuals with knee OA and reports of joint instability demonstrate significant reductions in their sagittal and transverse plane rotational knee joint motion. [2] It is conceivable that the decreased rotational joint motion may represent a compensatory attempt to avoid pain and/or to stabilize an unstable knee joint. However, this movement strategy may be problematic in the long term as it could lead to increased compressive loading and a reduction of shock absorption capabilities. Since abnormal rotation is associated with altered joint contact position [3], and the internal/external rotation axis in the normal knee is located on the medial side [4,5], this patient population may exhibit a decreased contact path length in the lateral compartment during the loading response phase of gait. The combination of a reduced contact path length and cartilage loss could in turn lead to a decreased dynamic joint space [6] and concentration of joint stresses responsible for disease progression. Therefore, the objectives of this work were to 1) compare the tibiofemoral joint contact path length and dynamic joint space in the medial and lateral compartments during the loading response phase of gait in individuals with knee OA and complaints of joint instability to a healthy control group and 2) investigate the relationship between these parameters.

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