Estratégias para promoção do diálogo de saberes entre agricultores familiares e educandos sobre o bioma Pampa

Este estudo buscou promover a disseminação de informações entre distintos sujeitos sociais sobre a importância ecológica da paisagem nos sistemas produtivos, tendo como tema gerador o conhecimento e reconhecimento de espécies botânicas nativas pelos agricultores familiares e educandos em Sant’Ana do Livramento-RS. Foram realizadas dezesseis entrevistas com os agricultores, que, depois de sistematizadas, delimitaram as estratégias de disseminação dos conteúdos aos jovens educandos. Os resultados demonstram que os agricultores entendem a importância da conservação do Pampa para seus cultivos e criação animal, percebem e utilizam o potencial econômico das espécies em sistemas tradicionais e agroflorestais. Quanto aos jovens educandos, foi possível avaliar a importância de oportunizar novos conteúdos e novas práticas pedagógicas. Além disso, os resultados permitem a reflexão da importância de conectar a pesquisa com a extensão universitária, bem como os saberes de adultos do campo com os saberes de jovens da cidade. Conclui-se que a troca de saberes é uma estratégia de valorização e conservação do bioma Pampa. Palavras-chave: Agroecologia; Biodiversidade; Juventude; Agroflorestas Strategies for promoting knowledge dialogue between family farmers and students about the Pampa biome Abstract: This study sought to promote the dissemination of information between distinct social subjects about the ecological importance of the local flora in production systems. The generative theme is knowledge and recognition of native botanic species by family farmers and students in Santana do Livramento in the Rio Grande do Sul state (Brazil). Interviews with sixteen farmers were systematized and used to align strategies to disseminate content to young students. The results show that the farmers understand the importance of conservation of the Pampa for their crops and animal husbandry, perceiving the economic potential of various local species in traditional and agroforestry systems. In terms of the young students, it was possible to evaluate the importance of offering new pedagogical content and practices. The results allow a reflection on the importance of connecting research with university extension and linking the knowledge of adult farmers with young urban students. It was concluded that knowledge exchange is an important strategy for valorizing and conserving the Pampa biome. Keywords: Agroecology; Biodiversity; Youth; Agroforests

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Environmental assessment of the Tung cultivation through life cycle analysis

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v3i1.1597 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 70 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marcelo Bern�l ◽

Rosana Schneider ◽

�nio Machado

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Production Systems ◽

Life Cycle Management ◽

Assessment Method ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Family Farms ◽

Conventional Agriculture ◽

The Past ◽

Ecosystem Changes ◽

Poor Soil

Over the past few decades, conventional agriculture has been facing serious crises caused by numerous factors, including poor soil management and the excessive application of pesticides. Thus, alternative production systems have been developed, including agroforestry systems, especially those that produce both energy and food. The objective of this study was to environmentally evaluate the culture of Aleurites fordii Hemls. (Tung) using the Life Cycle Assessment method with the SimaPro 7.3.2 software. The results revealed that in family farms that use less mechanization to harvest crops, the primary category of environmental impact was land use, which included the removal of animal and vegetable species and ecosystem changes. The full impact of this category was 1741.21 m2yr PDF (potentially disappeared fraction). Subsequently, prognostics were established for the reduction of such impacts, and we conclude that Tung has a high potential for agricultural installation with high responsibility to the environment. Keywords: Environmental factors, Aleurites fordii Hemls, Life Cycle Management, Tung.

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Projections of Local Knowledge-Based Adaptation Strategies of Mexican Coffee Farmers

Climate ◽

10.3390/cli9040060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Patricia Ruiz-García ◽

Cecilia Conde-Álvarez ◽

Jesús David Gómez-Díaz ◽

Alejandro Ismael Monterroso-Rivas

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Extreme Events ◽

Local Knowledge ◽

Production Systems ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Southern Mexico ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

Coffee Farmers ◽

Extreme Hydrological Events ◽

Adaptation Policies

Local knowledge can be a strategy for coping with extreme events and adapting to climate change. In Mexico, extreme events and climate change projections suggest the urgency of promoting local adaptation policies and strategies. This paper provides an assessment of adaptation actions based on the local knowledge of coffee farmers in southern Mexico. The strategies include collective and individual adaptation actions that farmers have established. To determine their viability and impacts, carbon stocks and fluxes in the system’s aboveground biomass were projected, along with water balance variables. Stored carbon contents are projected to increase by more than 90%, while maintaining agroforestry systems will also help serve to protect against extreme hydrological events. Finally, the integration of local knowledge into national climate change adaptation plans is discussed and suggested with a local focus. We conclude that local knowledge can be successful in conserving agroecological coffee production systems.

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Characterization of smallholder cattle production systems in South-Kivu province, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

Pastoralism Research Policy and Practice ◽

10.1186/s13570-020-00187-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yannick Mugumaarhahama ◽

Rodrigue Balthazar Basengere Ayagirwe ◽

Valence Bwana Mutwedu ◽

Nadège Cizungu Cirezi ◽

Dieudonné Shukuru Wasso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Production Systems ◽

Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Mixed Data ◽

Medium Size ◽

Fallow Land ◽

Cattle Production ◽

Access To Credit ◽

Cattle Farming ◽

South Kivu

AbstractIn South-Kivu province, cattle farming is an integral component of farmers’ livelihoods and one of the few income-generating opportunities for smallholders. However, very few studies have been conducted to characterize smallholders’ cattle production systems. This study documents cattle production systems to better understand their current situation, constraints they face and opportunities they offer. For that purpose, an investigation was conducted based on a structured survey questionnaire and participatory interviews with 863 farmers in South-Kivu province. Collected data were analysed using factorial analysis of mixed data and clustering techniques. The results revealed three types of smallholder cattle farms differing mainly in their herds’ sizes and landholding. The first category is the most common and includes farmers raising small herds (6.3 ± 6.7 cattle) of local breeds in herding system (in this work, “herding system” refers to a rearing system for which the farmer drives and stays with his animals on pastures and fallow land during the day) and grazing fodder in community pastures, fallow lands and roadside grasses, while land constitutes a scarce resource. In the second category, some farmers have small tracts of land (< 5 ha) and others have large tracts (> 5 ha), but all have medium-size herds (45.1 ± 19.4 cattle) made up of local breeds, which they rear in herding system. They also exploit community pastures, fallow land and roadside fodder for animal feeding. The third and last category includes farmers with large cattle herds (78.1 ± 28.1 cattle) of local, crossbred and exotic breeds raised free range in the fenced paddocks on vast areas of land (> 5 ha) found in high-altitude regions. However, while being different according to the above-considered characteristics, the three categories of cattle farming remain extensive pastoral farms dominated by male farmers. Agriculture and/or animal husbandry are their main source of income while their livestock are also composed of goats and poultry, beside cattle. Still, the three farming groups require more inputs and improvement strategies for increased productivity in the challenging environment characterized by low land accessibility and high demand for milk and meat. Fodder cultivation and crop-livestock integration through agro-ecological systems as well as access to credit and extension services are the proposed strategies for the improvement of this economic sector.

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Fruit Tree-Based Agroforestry Systems for Smallholder Farmers in Northwest Vietnam—A Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment

Land ◽

10.3390/land9110451 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 451

Author(s):

Van Hung Do ◽

Nguyen La ◽

Rachmat Mulia ◽

Göran Bergkvist ◽

A. Sigrun Dahlin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Knowledge Exchange ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Fruit Tree ◽

Rapid Expansion ◽

Qualitative Assessment ◽

Forage Grass ◽

High Investment

Rapid expansion of unsustainable farming practices in upland areas of Southeast Asia threatens food security and the environment. This study assessed alternative agroforestry systems for sustainable land management and livelihood improvement in northwest Vietnam. The performance of fruit tree-based agroforestry was compared with that of sole cropping, and farmers’ perspectives on agroforestry were documented. After seven years, longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.)-maize-forage grass and son tra (Docynia indica (Wall.) Decne)-forage grass systems had generated 2.4- and 3.5-fold higher average annual income than sole maize and sole son tra, respectively. Sole longan gave no net profit, due to high investment costs. After some years, competition developed between the crop, grass, and tree components, e.g., for nitrogen, and the farmers interviewed reported a need to adapt management practices to optimise spacing and pruning. They also reported that agroforestry enhanced ecosystem services by controlling surface runoff and erosion, increasing soil fertility and improving resilience to extreme weather. Thus, agroforestry practices with fruit trees can be more profitable than sole-crop cultivation within a few years. Integration of seasonal and fast-growing perennial plants (e.g., grass) is essential to ensure quick returns. Wider adoption needs initial incentives or loans, knowledge exchange, and market links.

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The tension between global GHG emissions of animal source foods, sustainability, and food security in Latin America and the Caribbean.

CAB Reviews Perspectives in Agriculture Veterinary Science Nutrition and Natural Resources ◽

10.1079/pavsnnr202116057 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (057) ◽

Author(s):

Constanza Gutiérrez-Gómez

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Food Security ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Production Systems ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Global Perspective ◽

Small Scale ◽

Livestock Sector ◽

The Caribbean

Abstract The livestock sector faces an important challenge in the medium and long term since it must satisfy an increasing demand for animal products as a result of the increase in population and the world economy but safeguarding natural resources and at the same time minimizing the environmental contamination, especially the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions attributed to livestock husbandry. For Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), this becomes more relevant given the importance of the sector for the food security of rural communities, particularly for small-scale producers. In this manuscript, we address the main challenges of LAC in this context, from a global perspective that includes the demographic, economic, cultural, and environmental effects. The biggest global challenge for the LAC livestock sector for the coming decades is how to satisfy the growing human demand for animal protein in a sustainable way maintaining the food security of their communities. The efforts to achieve these goals require focusing on improving the efficiency of both animal husbandry and production systems. Therefore, it is necessary to implement technologies of sustainable intensification and it is urgent that those who make political decisions become aware of these issues.

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Biofertigation of Forage With Effluents From a Cattle Slaughterhouse Green Line: Impacts on Physical-Chemical Indicators of Soil Quality and on Production Biomass

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n7p359 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 359

Author(s):

Joaquim Jose de Carvalho Carvalho ◽

José Maria Rodrigues da Luz ◽

Jaqueline Henrique ◽

José Geraldo Delvaux Silva ◽

Raphael Bragança Alves Fernandes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Production Systems ◽

Biomass Productivity ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Leaf Biomass ◽

Green Line ◽

Meat Processing ◽

Fine Soil ◽

Chemical Indicators ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Soil Preparation

Cattle slaughterhouses are potential causes the environmental impacts, as it require a large volume of water in meat processing, generate large effluents amount, and promote the Cerrado deforestation for animal husbandry. Therefore, we aim was carried out to assess the effects of the soil application of a green line wastewater from a cattle slaughterhouse in the Brachiaria brizantha growth. The M1 and M2 managements did not contain wastewater of slaughterhouse. The wastewater from the 3rd stabilization pond (M3 to M5), from reception box (M6 to M8), and manure (M9 and M10) were used in the biofertigation managements. The physical-chemical indicators levels did not show significant differences (p < 0.05) before soil preparation and after managements. However, biofertigation in the Cerrado soil can provide a mitigation of the leaching of fine soil particles and cations. In addition, maximum nitrogen dose of wastewater provided a higher leaf biomass productivity than commercial nitrogen. Thus, the fertigation with wastewater can reduce the use of water bodies to crops irrigation and the incorporation of new areas with native vegetation to the agricultural production systems.

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Characterization of the factors associated with the growth phase of dairy cattle in family farming

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n4p1653 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 1653

Author(s):

Rodrigo De Andrade Ferrazza ◽

Gilvando Fabio Uliana de Moura ◽

Marcos Aurélio Lopes

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Growth Phase ◽

Management Practices ◽

Production Systems ◽

Family Farming ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Family Farmers ◽

Survey Form ◽

Husbandry System ◽

Transition Milk

The aim of this study was to characterize the factors associated with the growth phase of dairy cattle used in family farming. We investigated 20 family-run milk production systems located in the Conceição de Ipanema municipality, MG, Brazil. Farmers were interviewed using a semi-structured survey form containing 152 questions. The questions were aimed at characterizing the farmer, herd, and husbandry system at pre- and post-weaning phases. Data were processed by using Sphinx® software, and descriptive analyses were performed in MS Excel® software. The results showed strengths, including navel healing (100%), location of the calf housing above (45%) or next to the pen (35%), and existence of a sanitary calendar (90%). However, several limitations in the management of calves and heifers were identified, such as lack of zootechnical bookkeeping (55%), manual milking with calf at the foot (65%), absence of herd sizing (100%), no routine weighing of calves (95%), incorrect colostrum management (80%), non-supply of transition milk to calves (85%), and likely failure to diagnose diseases by a fraction of the farmers. Thus, training regarding adequate management practices by extension technicians is imperative, along with the formulation of public policies that comply with the aspirations of family farmers, while promoting their economic and social sustainability.

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Public procurement as strategy to foster organic transition: insights from the Brazilian experience

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems ◽

10.1017/s174217051900036x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 688-696 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ricardo Serra Borsatto ◽

Miguel A. Altieri ◽

Henrique Carmona Duval ◽

Julian Perez-Cassarino

Keyword(s):

Production Systems ◽

Public Procurement ◽

Organic Production ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Family Farmers ◽

Incentive Policies ◽

Certified Organic ◽

Production Areas ◽

Organic Transition ◽

Scaling Out

AbstractInitiatives to foster a transition toward organic agriculture have drawn policy-makers' interest worldwide. However, research studies evaluating the effectiveness of policies intended to promote ‘scaling-out’ organic production systems to more farms and larger production areas are still rare. To better understand the role that public procurement and price incentive policies have in scaling-out organic transitions, we assessed the effects of the Brazilian Food Acquisition Program (PAA) in a group of municipalities. PAA offers both markets for family farmers and price incentives for certified organic products. However, our findings suggest that farmers who establish organic production systems and become certified also gain access to other markets; ones that they find more attractive than those created by the PAA. Thus, we find that the PAA offers insufficient incentives for adopting organic practices among peasant and family farmers and supports the argument that scaling-out organic production is a multilevel process that depends on different, but interrelated drivers.

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Beef Cattle Production and Trade

10.1071/9780643109896 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Production Efficiency ◽

Production Systems ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Beef Production ◽

Cattle Production ◽

Beef Industry ◽

Pasture Management ◽

Beef Cattle Production ◽

Australian Experience

Beef Cattle Production and Trade covers all aspects of the beef industry from paddock to plate. It is an international text with an emphasis on Australian beef production, written by experts in the field. The book begins with an overview of the historical evolution of world beef consumption and introductory chapters on carcass and meat quality, market preparation and world beef production. North America, Brazil, China, South-East Asia and Japan are discussed in separate chapters, followed by Australian beef production, including feed lotting and live export. The remaining chapters summarise R&D, emphasising the Australian experience, and look at different production systems and aspects of animal husbandry such as health, reproduction, grazing, feeding and finishing, genetics and breeding, production efficiency, environmental management and business management. The final chapter examines various case studies in northern and southern Australia, covering feed demand and supply, supplements, pasture management, heifer and weaner management, and management of internal and external parasites.

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Agroforestry Benefits and Challenges for Adoption in Europe and Beyond

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12177001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (17) ◽

pp. 7001

Author(s):

Maya Sollen-Norrlin ◽

Bhim Bahadur Ghaley ◽

Naomi Laura Jane Rintoul

Keyword(s):

Environmental Performance ◽

Financial Incentives ◽

Soil Degradation ◽

Water Retention ◽

Production Systems ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Marketing Strategies ◽

Soil Biodiversity ◽

Global Concern

Soil degradation is a global concern, decreasing the soil’s ability to perform a multitude of functions. In Europe, one of the leading causes of soil degradation is unsustainable agricultural practices. Hence, there is a need to explore alternative production systems for enhanced agronomic productivity and environmental performance, such as agroforestry systems (AFS). Given this, the objective of the study is to enumerate the major benefits and challenges in the adoption of AFS. AFS can improve agronomic productivity, carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling, soil biodiversity, water retention, and pollination. Furthermore, they can reduce soil erosion and incidence of fire and provide recreational and cultural benefits. There are several challenges to the adoption and uptake of AFS in Europe, including high costs for implementation, lack of financial incentives, limited AFS product marketing, lack of education, awareness, and field demonstrations. Policies for financial incentives such as subsidies and payments for ecosystem services provided by AFS must be introduced or amended. Awareness of AFS products must be increased for consumers through appropriate marketing strategies, and landowners need more opportunities for education on how to successfully manage diverse, economically viable AFS. Finally, field-based evidence is required for informed decision-making by farmers, advisory services, and policy-making bodies.

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