Konsep Ihsân dalam Wacana Pendidikan Islam

TAJDID ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Husni Husni
Keyword(s):  
Existence Of God ◽  
Good Deed ◽  
The Law ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Islamic Society ◽  
Muslim Scholars ◽  
The Way

This article studies the concept of Ihsan (good deed) in the thought of ulama mufassirs (Muslim scholars interpretering the Qur’an). The result of the study being carried out by the writer is that the concept of ihsan being too narrowly interpreted, proves that it has wide interpretation in the thought of muffasirs. If so far among society the concept of ihsan has been narrowly interpreted on the good deed or doing good deed, so according to mufassirs, the concept means: (1) carrying out all obligations, (2) being patient to receive all the obligation and anything forbidden by God, (3) being obedient and always perfects his obedience in quality as well as in the way, (4) forgiving, (5) being sincere, (6) realizing the existence of God, (7) emphasizing the esoteric aspect rather than exoteric world, (8) knowledge, (9) being firm in the truthfulness, (10) havng understanding about the true teachings of God, (11) having good comprehension about the law appropriately applied among the Islamic society. The wide meaning of this concept because this concept is really expressed by the Koran in context. This article tries to attach the concept of Ihsan in several meanings about the education world

Arbitration and Literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 894-909
Author(s):  
François Ost
Keyword(s):  
Law And Literature ◽  
State Courts ◽  
Literary Fiction ◽  
Court System ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Difference ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Way

This chapter discusses the representation of arbitration in literature. Arbitration seems to receive little attention in literary works, as opposed to justice and the judge, which form the heart of the ‘law and literature’ movement. This disparity is likely due to the collective fascination with the judge as the embodiment of justice. The air of mystery that often surrounds arbitration can also be explained by the difference between the way in which it is presented in fictional texts and in modern law. Literature does not usually apprehend arbitration in the strict understanding of a private judge chosen by the parties, who adjudicates on a dispute by rendering a final and binding award which he cannot enforce without the assistance of state courts. Yet literature’s approximations in the treatment of arbitration are precisely what makes them interesting, in that they shed a welcome light on a justice that is both broader and more perennial than the justice that is rendered within the strict boundaries of the traditional court system. Works of literary fiction also provide many valuable stories about the value and reach of decisions rendered by arbitrators.

scholarly journals The all-Embracing Light of Divine Grace in the Theory and Practice of the Sufi Brotherhood of Chishti

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-98
Author(s):  
Lola Z. Taneeva-Salomatshaeva
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Existence Of God ◽  
Useful Knowledge ◽  
Divine Grace ◽  
Entire Universe ◽  
The Veil ◽  
Muslim Scholars ◽  
The Way

Abstract: the author, on the basis of the Philosophical-Sufi studies of medieval Muslim scholars, the achievements of modern theoretical thought and independent argumentation, reveals the Sufi understanding of The Existence of God and the Way to Him. The source of the material was, first of all, the treatises of Indian Islamic thinkers written in Farsi: the work of Ali ibn Uthman al-Hudjwiri Kashf al-Mahdzhub li Abrar al-Kulub («Disclosure of the hidden behind the veil for those who have knowledge in the Mystery of Hearts») and the lithographic edition of Fava’eed al-Fouad «Useful [knowledge] for the Heart», owned by the Sheikh Nizamuddin Awliya – one of the most significant Sufi saints of the Order of Chishti. It is convincingly proven, how, using the words-labels, for example, Light and Heart and their connotations (Anwar – plural Absolute Light, Nur – Light, and also refracted or reflected Ray), one can come to the understanding that Nur is Light, Ray, Shine and Allah Himself. Thus, the creators of the monuments of medieval writing in the countries of the Muslim East asserted the religious paradigm according to which, thanks to the Unity of the Existence (vahdat al-wujud), the Light of Divine Grace embraces the entire universe: from the simple to the complex, and from it to the heart of the person who has gone through all the ways of perfection.

scholarly journals Analisis Pentafsiran Mualaf Menurut Islam dan Enakmen Pentadbiran Agama Islam Negeri di Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-37
Author(s):  
Azman Ab. Rahman ◽  
Irwan Mohd Subri ◽  
Mahazan Abdul Mutalib @ Taib ◽  
Nuradli Ridzwan Shah Mohd Dali ◽  
Wan Mohd Fazrul Azdi Wan Razali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Management Model ◽  
The Law ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Muslim Scholars

Converts is categorised as those entitled to receive zakat in Islam. There are differences in the interpretation of the definition of converts who can influence the distribution of zakat management. The differences that may exist are either non-Muslims that Islam is also likely to be eligible to receive zakat or not. Thus, the objective of this article is to identify the definition of converts by the debate earlier and contemporary scholars of various sects in detail. This article is also analyzes the interpretation of converts in Administration of Islamic Law for every state in Malaysia. This article found that there are some differences in the interpretation of whether the recipient converts the sight of the priests of the sect or the clauses in the Administration of Islamic Law. Scholars agreed to accept the definition of a new converts as individuals who converted to Islam but conflicted opinions in receiving non-Muslims who tends his heart to Islam as part of a convert who is entitled to. This article was expected to present a clearer interpretation of varsiti convert simultaneously triggered a new management model in distribution of zakat assistance. Further research can be done to identify the law using of zakat funds in da’wah of non-Muslims in Malaysia. Keywords: Converts, Administration of Islamic Law, Muslim Scholars, Da’wah of non-Muslim, Malaysia Abstrak Mualaf dikategorikan sebagai golongan yang berhak menerima bahagian zakat dalam Islam. Terdapat perbezaan pentafsiran definisi mualaf yang boleh mempengaruhi pengurusan agihan zakat. Perbezaan yang mungkin wujud adalah sama ada orang bukan Islam yang cenderung kepada Islam juga berhak menerima bahagian zakat ataupun tidak. Justeru, objektif artikel ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti definisi mualaf berdasarkan perbahasan ulama terdahulu dan kontemporari daripada pelbagai madhhab secara terperinci. Artikel ini turut menganalisis pentafsiran mualaf menurut Enakmen Pentadbiran Agama Islam bagi setiap negeri di Malaysia. Artikel ini mendapati bahawa terdapat beberapa perbezaan yang wujud dalam pentafsiran asnaf mualaf sama ada menurut pandangan imam-imam madhhab mahupun klausa-klausa di dalam Enakmen Pentadbiran Agama Islam Negeri. Ulama bersepakat menerima definisi mualaf sebagai individu yang baru memeluk agama Islam tetapi berselisih pendapat dalam menerima orang bukan Islam yang cenderung hatinya kepada Islam sebagai sebahagian daripada mualaf yang berhak ke atas zakat. Artikel ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran yang lebih jelas terhadap varsiti pentafsiran mualaf sekaligus mencetuskan model pengurusan baharu dalam agihan bantuan zakat. Kajian lanjutan boleh dilakukan bagi mengenal pasti hukum menggunakan dana zakat dalam dakwah non-Muslim di Malaysia. Kata kunci: Mualaf, Enakmen Pentadbiran Agama Islam, Ulama Mazhab, Dakwah Non-Muslim, Malaysia

scholarly journals ANALISA PENDAPAT ULAMA TERHADAP BATASAN WAKTU DALAM WAKAF DAN AKIBAT HUKUMNYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kholid Masyhari
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
The Other ◽  
Time Limits ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Good Deed ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Holding Back ◽  
The Way

Abstract Waqf is a good deed dedicated by waqif (the person who gives waqf) to his property to nadlir (administrators / recipients of waqf) so that the object can be used by the general public. After the waqf pledge was stated by waqif, then from that moment the ownership of the object was moved to Allah, meaning that the general public now has the right to benefit the object that is represented (mauquuf). The concept that is commonly understood by society as told by the jurists (jurisprudence experts) in some literacies, that waqf is holding back property and using it in the way of Allah, said Sayyid Sabiq in his Sunnah fiqh. On the other hand this opinion is reinforced by the hadith narrated by Ibn Umar whose hadith chunks state: "If you want to, forgive the land and give the results. Then Umar converted his land in Khaibar with the understanding that it should not be sold, granted and inherited". From the statement of the hadith, the understanding was that waqf was eternal and not limited by time (ta’biid - forever). But in other literacy, it was found a statement that waqf may be limited by time (muaqqot), this opinion was stated by Imam Malik. This means that people may endow their land for a certain period of time. And even this, by him is considered legitimate as a waqf contract that is not limited by time. This paper tries to look at these two opinions and analyze them and conclude to draw the red thread caused by the law. Keywords: Endowments, Time Limits Abstrak Wakaf adalah sebuah amal shalih yang didedikasikan oleh waqif (orang yang memberikan wakaf) terhadap harta bendanya kepada nadlir (pengurus/penerima wakaf) agar benda itu bisa dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat umum. Setelah ikrar wakaf itu dinyatakan oleh waqif, maka mulai saat itu pindahlah kepemilikan benda itu kepada Allah, artinya masyarakat umumlah yang sekarang ini memiliki hak atas manfaat benda yang diwakafkan (mauquuf). Konsep yang umum dipahami oleh masyarakat sebagai dituturkan oleh para fuqaha (ahli fiqih) dalam beberapa literasinya, bahwa wakaf adalah menahan harta dan memanfaatkannya di jalan Allah, demikian disampaikan oleh Sayyid Sabiq dalam fiqih sunnahnya. Di sisi lain pendapat ini diperkuat oleh hadist yang diriwayatkan oleh Ibnu Umar yang potongan hadist itu menyatakan :”Jika engakau mau, wakafkanlah tanah itu dan sedekahkanlah hasilnya. Lalu Umar mewakafkan tanahnya di Khaibar itu dengan pengertian tidak boleh dijual, dihibahkan dan diwariskan”. Dari keterangan hadist itu diambil pengertian bahwa wakaf bersifat abadi dan tidak dibatasi oleh waktu (ta’biid - selama-lamanya). Jurnal Iqtisad: Reconstruction of Justice and Welfare for Indonesia – Vol. 6, No 1 (2019) p-ISSN: 2303-3223; e-ISSN: 2621-640X Analisa Pendapat Ulama .... 2 Kholid Masyhari Namun dalam literasi lain ditemukan pernyataan bahwa wakaf boleh dibatasi dengan waktu (muaqqot), pendapat ini dikemukakan oleh Imam Malik. Artinya orang boleh mewakafkan tanahnya dengan jangka waktu tertentu. Dan inipun, olehnya dinilai sah akadnya sebagaimana wakaf yang tidak dibatasi dengan waktu. Tulisan ini mencoba menilik dua pendapat tersebut dan menganalisanya serta menyimpulkannya untuk menarik benang merah akibat hukum yang ditimbulkannya. Kata Kunci: Wakaf, Batasan Waktu

Prawne aspekty eutanazji w Holandii

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-253
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Stefanowicz
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Public Authority ◽  
Dutch Society ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Limited Length ◽  
The Law ◽  
Death On Demand ◽  
The Way

This article undertakes to show the way that has led to the statutory decriminalization of euthanasia-related murder and assisted suicide in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It presents the evolution of the views held by Dutch society on the euthanasia related practice, in the consequence of which death on demand has become legal after less than thirty years. Due attention is paid to the role of organs of public authority in these changes, with a particular emphasis put on the role of the Dutch Parliament – the States General. Because of scarcity of space and limited length of the article, the change in the attitudes toward euthanasia, which has taken place in the Netherlands, is presented in a synthetic way – from the first discussions on admissibility of a euthanasia-related murder carried out in the 1970s, through the practice of killing patients at their request, which was against the law at that time, but with years began more and more acceptable, up to the statutory decriminalization of euthanasia by the Dutch Parliament, made with the support of the majority of society.

PERSINGGUNGAN KEWENANGAN MENGADILI PENYALAHGUNAAN DISKRESI ANTARA PENGADILAN TUN DAN PENGADILAN TIPIKOR / INTERCEPTION OF JUSTICE AUTHORITY OF DISCRETION ABUSE BETWEEN ADMINISTRATION COURT AND CORRUPTION COURTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Budi Suhariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Criminal Process ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
State Finance ◽  
The Law ◽  
To Receive

Diskresi sebagai wewenang bebas, keberadaannya rentan akan disalahgunakan. Penyalahgunaan diskresi yang berimplikasi merugikan keuangan negara dapat dituntutkan pertanggungjawabannya secara hukum administrasi maupun hukum pidana. Mengingat selama ini peraturan perundang-undangan tentang pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi tidak merumuskan secara rinci yang dimaksudkan unsur menyalahgunakan kewenangan maka para hakim menggunakan konsep penyalahgunaan wewenang dari hukum administrasi. Problema muncul saat diberlakukannya Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 dimana telah memicu persinggungan dalam hal kewenangan mengadili penyalahgunaan wewenang (termasuk diskresi) antara Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara dengan Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Pada perkembangannya, persinggungan kewenangan mengadili tersebut ditegaskan oleh Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 4 Tahun 2015 bahwa PTUN berwenang menerima, memeriksa, dan memutus permohonan penilaian ada atau tidak ada penyalahgunaan wewenang (termasuk diskresi) dalam Keputusan dan/atau Tindakan Pejabat Pemerintahan sebelum adanya proses pidana. Sehubungan tidak dijelaskan tentang definisi dan batasan proses pidana yang dimaksud, maka timbul penafsiran yang berbeda. Perlu diadakan kesepakatan bersama dan dituangkan dalam regulasi tentang tapal batas persinggungan yang jelas tanpa meniadakan kewenangan pengujian penyalahgunaan wewenang diskresi pada Pengadilan TUN.Discretion as free authority is vulnerable to being misused. The abuse of discretion implicating the state finance may be prosecuted by both administrative and criminal law. In view of the fact that the law on corruption eradication does not formulate in detail the intended element of authority abuse, the judges use the concept of authority abuse from administrative law. Problems arise when the enactment of Law No. 30 of 2014 triggered an interception in terms of justice/ adjudicate authority on authority abuse (including discretion) between the Administrative Court and Corruption Court. In its development, the interception of justice authority is affirmed by Regulation of the Supreme Court Number 4 of 2015 that the Administrative Court has the authority to receive, examine and decide upon the appeal there is or there is no misuse of authority in the Decision and / or Action of Government Officials prior to the criminal process. That is, shortly before the commencement of the criminal process then that's when the authority of PTUN decides to judge the misuse of authority over the case. In this context, Perma No. 4 of 2015 has imposed restrictions on the authority of the TUN Court in prosecuting the abuse of discretionary authority.

Mengatasi Kelangkaan Tafsir Ahkam di Tengah Komunitas Penggiat Fikih Nusantara

SUHUF ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-234
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ishom El-Saha
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Islamic Jurisprudence ◽  
The Law ◽  
Muslim Scholars

Study on Islamic  jurisprudence in  Indonesian is very vigorous and developed in accord with the dynamics of society’s life in Indonesia. Starting from the study of Islamic jurisprudence on worship, marriage and even on social life in line with the revival of  shariah economy. However, although the study theme of Islamic jurisprudence is getting wider, it has not aroused the mark for the interest revival of Indonesian muslim scholars to  study in depth and width about the Quranic exegesis of the law yet. This writing is made to encourage those who may concern on this issue that it is advisable to those vigorously study the Islamic jurisprudence in Indonesia redesign the pattern of the study of Islamic jurisprudence to be more systematic by emphasizing its study on the Quranic exegesis of the law. This writing explains that the study of Islamic jurisprudence using the approach of the Quranic exegesis of the law will lead to the comprehensive undertanding on the problems of Islamic jurisprudence.

Through the Lens of Gadamer’s Hermeneutics: In comparison between Amina Wadud’s and Mohammed Talbi’s Interpretations of Q. 4:34

SUHUF ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-214
Author(s):  
Afifur Rochman Sya'rani
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
Contextual Approach ◽  
The Status ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Muslim Scholars ◽  
The Way

Most of traditional Muslim exegetes interpret Q. 4:34 in terms of maintaining the superiority of men over women. Some progressive Muslim scholars then insist a contextual approach to the verse to criticize gender inequality. Among some progressive Muslim scholars, this article comparatively examines the interpretations of Amina Wadud and Mohammed Talbi of Q. 4:34. Although both of them propose a contextual reading of the verse, they have different intellectual background, approach and method in interpreting the Qur’ān. The questions are to what extent the similarities and differences of both Wadud’s and Talbi’s interpretation of Q. 4:34 and how far their interpretations reflect their respective intention and perspective? Applying Gadamer’s hermeneutical approach, the article concludes that [1] Both Wadud and Talbi argue that the verse does not establish the superiority of men over women, but acknowledges duties division among married couple; [2] the difference among their interpretations is on the status of relationship among married couple; [3] Wadud’s and Talbi’s interpretations represent their respective hermeneutical situations and the way they define ontologically the nature of  interpretation and Qur’anic hermeneutics affect on producing the meanings of the verse.

The Law of Tort

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Civil Liability ◽  
French Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Broad Approach ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines the French law of tort. Although French law takes a broad approach to civil liability, when looking more closely at the way in which French judges have dealt with claims in tort, it becomes apparent that the need to avoid extending the scope of civil liability to an unlimited extent has also been present in French law. Indeed, in order to achieve desirable results, French judges have on many occasions used their discretion to interpret restrictively the elastic concepts of fault, damage, and causation. Hence, they end up dismissing claims which, for policy reasons, would have created unjust results or would have opened the gates to a flood of new claims. Thus, even though French judges do not admit to it openly in their judgments, they are influenced as regards the matter of deciding the limits of liability by general policy considerations, especially the ‘floodgates arguments’ which their English counterparts also readily understand.

Why Phenomenology?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Pattison
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Present Approach ◽  
The Self ◽  
Existence Of God ◽  
Pure Intuition ◽  
The Way

This chapter sets out the rationale for adopting a phenomenological approach to the devout life literature. Distinguishing the present approach from versions of the phenomenology of religion dominant in mid-twentieth-century approaches to religion, an alternative model is found in Heidegger’s early lectures on Paul. These illustrate that alongside its striving to achieve a maximally pure intuition of its subject matter, phenomenology will also be necessarily interpretative and existential. Although phenomenology is limited to what shows itself and therefore cannot pass judgement on the existence of God, it can deal with God insofar as God appears within the activity and passivity of human existence. From Hegel onward, it has also shown itself open to seeing the self as twofold and thus more than a simple subjective agent, opening the way to an understanding of the self as essentially spiritual.

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