scholarly journals Combiners/dividers systems of solid-state transmitting devices of modern radar systems

T-Comm ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
Aleksey S. Pshenichkin ◽  
◽  
Aleksander V. Suchkov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Output Pulse ◽  
Output Power Level ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Phase Errors ◽  
Radar Systems ◽  
Output Stages

One of the most important components of the radar system, which determines its potential characteristics, is the transmitting device. It is known that the advantage of constructing transmitting devices based on the principle of coherent summation of the power of solid-state amplifier modules is that they allow obtaining the required output power level and ensuring the operation of the radar in the "smooth failure" mode with the possibility of prompt replacement of faulty amplifier modules during operation. At the same time, an urgent task is to increase the output power level of the transmitting device by reducing losses in its microwave path, caused by the spread of the amplitudes and phases of the summed signals. This article provides a brief overview of materials from open Russian and foreign sources on methods for summing the power of microwave oscillations, as well as possible ways to implement combiners/dividers of power of solid-state amplifying modules, on the basis of which the output stages of transmitting devices of modern radar systems are built. The advantages and disadvantages of Wilkinson combiners, waveguide traveling wave combiners, as well as problems arising in their development are discussed. The main issues related to increasing the efficiency when summing the power of several amplifying modules of the same type of the transmitting device are considered. It is shown that the choice of the summation/division scheme and its constructive implementation are determined by the range of operating frequencies, the output pulse and average power of the transmitting device, and the permissible weight and dimensions. The rationality of methods for obtaining the required output power in each specific case is analyzed, including the most promising ones based on special correction schemes that reduce the phase errors of the distribution-summing system.

A high-power solid state amplifier for Galileo satellite system exploiting European GaN technology

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 691-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Giofré ◽  
Paolo Colantonio ◽  
Elisa Cipriani ◽  
Franco Giannini ◽  
Laura Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Output Power ◽  
High Power ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Output Power Level ◽  
Gain Compression ◽  
Satellite Navigation System

This paper describes the development of an L-Band (f0= 1.575 GHz) high power and efficient solid state power amplifier (SSPA) designed for the European satellite navigation system (i.e. Galileo). The amplifier, developed in the framework of the European Project named SLOGAN, exploits the GH50-10 GaN technology available at United Monolithic Semiconductor foundry. The aim of the project is to offer, using as much as possible European technologies, a valid alternative to replace traveling wave tube amplifiers with more compact and reliable systems. All the SSPA functionalities, i.e. power supply, power conditioning and radio frequency amplification, are integrated in the developed architecture and accommodated in a single box with limited volume and mass. The required output power level is achieved by parallelizing several GaN die power bars of 12 and/or 25.6 mm. In continuous wave operating mode, the overall SSPA delivers an output power higher than 250 W at less than 2 dB of gain compression in the whole E1-band. Moreover, the registered gain and efficiency are higher than 67 dB and 54%, respectively.

scholarly journals A 350-GHz Coupled Stack Oscillator with −0.8 dBm Output Power in 65-nm Bulk CMOS Process

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1214
Author(s):  
Thanh Dat Nguyen ◽  
Jong-Phil Hong
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Negative Resistance ◽  
Output Power Level ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Frequency Selective ◽  
Oscillation Frequencies

This paper presents a push-push coupled stack oscillator that achieves a high output power level at terahertz (THz) wave frequency. The proposed stack oscillator core adopts a frequency selective negative resistance topology to improve negative transconductance at the fundamental frequency and a transformer connected between gate and drain terminals of cross pair transistors to minimize the power loss at the second harmonic frequency. Next, the phases and the oscillation frequencies between the oscillator cores are locked by employing an inductor of frequency selective negative resistance topology. The proposed topology was implemented in a 65-nm bulk CMOS technology. The highest measured output power is −0.8 dBm at 353.2 GHz while dissipating 205 mW from a 2.8 V supply voltage.

scholarly journals Hybrid Raman-Erbium Random Fiber Laser with a Half Open Cavity Assisted by Artificially Controlled Backscattering Fiber Reflectors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Perez-Herrera ◽  
P. Roldan-Varona ◽  
M. Galarza ◽  
S. Sañudo-Lasagabaster ◽  
L. Rodriguez-Cobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Laser Cavity ◽  
Gain Medium ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Open Cavity ◽  
Output Power Level ◽  
Erbium Doped

Abstract A hybrid Raman-erbium random fiber laser (RFL) with a half-open cavity assisted by chirped artificially controlled backscattering fiber reflectors (ACBFRs) is presented. A combination of 2.4 km of dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) with two highly erbium-doped fiber (EDF) pieces of 5 m length was used as gain medium. A single random laser emission line centered at 1553.8 nm with an output power level of -6.5 dBm and an optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) of 47 dB was obtained when pumped at 37.5 dBm. A full width at half maximum (FHWM) of 1 nm and a 100% confidence level (CL) output power instability as low as 0.08 dB were measured. The utilization of the new laser cavity as a temperature and strain sensor is also experimentally studied.

scholarly journals Optimal Design and Comparison of High-Frequency Resonant and Non-Resonant Rotary Transformers

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Bastiaens ◽  
Dave C. J. Krop ◽  
Sultan Jumayev ◽  
Elena A. Lomonova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Output Power ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Physical Design ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Output Power Level ◽  
The Core ◽  
Series Resonant

This paper concerns the optimal design and comparative analysis of resonant and non-resonant high-frequency GaN-based rotating transformers. A multi-physical design approach is employed, in which magnetic, electrical, and thermal models are coupled. The results are verified by experiments. Two different optimization objectives are considered; firstly, the efficiency of two standard core geometries is maximized for a required output power level. Secondly, a geometrical optimization is performed, such that the core inertia is minimized for the desired output power level. The results of both design optimizations have shown large improvements in terms of output power and core inertia as a result of applying series–series resonant compensation.

scholarly journals Synchronization of pulsed and continuous-wave IMPATT oscillators in the millimeter wavelength range. Part 2. Stabilizing microwave parameters of synchronized generators

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-29
Author(s):  
M. F. Karushkin
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Wavelength Range ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Output Power Level ◽  
External Signal ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Impatt Diode ◽  
Millimeter Wavelength ◽  
Impatt Diodes

This is the second part of the two-part article, which summarizes the state-of-the-art results in the development of synchronized oscillators based on IMPATT (IMPact ionization Avalanche Transit-Time) diodes. The first part of the paper presented the electrodynamic design of oscillators, which contain a resonant oscillatory system with silicon IMPATT diodes and are synchronized by an external source of microwave oscillations. The second part of the paper considers the methods for stabilizing the parameters of IMPATT oscillators, which make it possible to create coherent power sources in the millimeter wavelength range. The specifics of pulse generators lies in the change in frequency within the microwave pulse relative to the change in temperature, which leads to a change in the impedance of the diode and thus to a phase change with respect to the synchronizing signal. Phase modulation is reduced or completely eliminated (which is necessary to ensure the coherence of the microwave transmitter) by using current compensation, i.e., by using the control current pulse with a special shape. The study demonstrates the expediency of introducing additional heating of the semiconductor structure of the IMPATT diode, which allows the initial temperature of the IMPATT diode in the region of the leading edge of each pulse to remain virtually constant and independent of the ambient temperature. Using these methods on silicon double-drift IMPATT diodes allowed creating synchronized oscillators with high frequency stability and an output power level from 20 to 150 W, which have a high degree of coherence in the synchronization mode with an external signal. The paper also presents the designs and parameters of coherent microwave power sources in the short-wave part of the millimeter wavelength range using the nonlinear properties of the IMPATT diodes in the radio-pulse conversion mode. This mode makes it possible to provide the output power level of the signal at the n-th harmonic Pout ≈1/n, which significantly exceeds the achieved characteristics of the frequency multipliers with charge accumulation, where Pout ≈ 1/n2. The output power of such devices is achieved at the level of 50–20 mW in the 75–180 GHz frequency range with a frequency multiplication factor of 1–15.

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