POSTPARTUM MASTITIS IN THE BREASTFEEDING WOMEN AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF RESPONSIBLE PATHOGENS IN UKRAINE: RESULTS A MULTICENTER STUDY

The aim: To obtain the prevalence of mastitis in the breastfeeding women and antimicrobial resistance of responsible pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study was based on surveillance data for Postpartum Mastitis and included 18,427 breastfeeding women’s who gave birth in 11 regional hospitals of Ukraine. Results: 22.6% breastfeeding women’s were found to have breast infections. Among these patients, 11.6% breast abscess and 88.4% mastitis were observed. Of the total cases breast infections, 74.8% were detected after hospital discharge. The rate of healthcare-associated mastitis was 8.6%. The predominant pathogens were: Staphylococcus aureus (23.6%), Escherichia coli (19.4%), Enterobacter spp. (11.9%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (10.7%), Klebsiella spp. (8.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.8%), Enterococcus faecalis (4.8%), and Proteus mirabilis (4.6%). The overall proportion of methicillin-resistance was observed in 27.9% of S. aureus (MRSA) and 24.3% of S. epidermidis (MRSE). Of the total methicillin-resistance strains, 74.8% of MRSA and 82.1% of MRSE is community-acquired, were detected after hospital discharge. Vancomycin resistance was observed in 9.2% of isolated enterococci. Carbapenem resistance was identified in 7.3% of P.aeruginosa isolates. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was observed in 8.8% Klebsiella spp. and E.coli 9.1% isolates. Conclusions: Mastitis in the breastfeeding women in Ukraine requires medical attention it is common, and a lot of cases are caused by pathogens resistant to antibiotics. Optimizing the management and empirical antimicrobial therapy may reduce the burden of mastitis, but prevention is the key element.

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EPISIOTOMY INFECTIONS IN THE PUERPERIUM AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF RESPONSIBLE PATHOGENS IN UKRAINE

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek202011101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (11) ◽

pp. 2325-2331

Author(s):

Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽

Taras G. Voitok ◽

Igor V. Maidannyk ◽

Serhiy Yu. Vdovychenko ◽

Olena О. Chorna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Prevalence Rate ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Carbapenem Resistance ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Esbl Production ◽

Multicenter Cohort Study ◽

Klebsiella Spp

1 2 ABSTRACT The aim: To obtain the first estimates of the current prevalence rate of episiotomy infections in the puerperium and antimicrobial resistance of responsible pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study was based on surveillance data. The study population consisted of all women who had a vaginal delivery in 7 Regional Women’s Hospitals of Ukraine. Definitions of episiotomy infections were used from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC/NHSN). Results: Total 35.6% women after vaginal delivery had episiotomy done. The prevalence rate of episiotomy infections was 17.7%. The predominant pathogens were: Escherichia coli (49.2%), Enterobacter spp. (11.1%), Streptococcus spp. (9.1%), Enterococcus faecalis (6.5%), Klebsiella spp. (8.1%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (4.2%), Proteus spp.(2.9%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (2.8%). The overall proportion of methicillin-resistance was observed in 17.3% of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Vancomycin resistance was observed in 6.8% of isolated enterococci. Carbapenem resistance was identified in 8% of P.aeruginosa isolates. Resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was observed in 15.2% Klebsiella spp. and E.coli 16.4% isolates. The overall proportion of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) production among Enterobacteriaceae was 26.4%. The prevalence of ESBL production among E. coli isolates was significantly higher than in K. pneumoniae (31.4%, vs 12.5%). Conclusions: Episiotomy infections in the puerperium are common in Ukraine and most of these infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Optimizing the management and empirical antimicrobial therapy may reduce the burden of episiotomy infections, but prevention is the key element.

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HEALTHCARE ASSOCIATED DEEP PELVIC TISSUE INFECTION AND OTHER INFECTIONS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT IN UKRAINE

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek202103105 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 74 (3) ◽

pp. 406-412

Author(s):

Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽

Lidiya V. Suslikova ◽

Svitlana A. Pandei ◽

Victor O. Rud ◽

Igor V. Kokhanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Tract ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Carbapenem Resistance ◽

Pelvic Abscess ◽

Female Reproductive Tract ◽

Tissue Infection ◽

Esbl Production ◽

Multicenter Cohort Study ◽

Reproductive Tract Infection ◽

Healthcare Associated

The aim: To obtain the first estimates of the current prevalence of healthcare-associated deep pelvic tissue infection and other infections of the female reproductive tract (vagina, ovaries, uterus) including chorioamnionitis, and antimicrobial resistance of causing pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study was based on surveillance data. The study population included 3,053 women’s who underwent gynecological surgery or other procedures from 2017 to 2019 in 7 women hospitals in Ukraine. Definitions of healthcare-associated reproductive tract infection were used from the CDC/ NHSN. Results: The prevalence of healthcare-associated deep pelvic tissue infection and other infections of the female reproductive tract was 26.3%. Incidence of infection was: 13.3% Pelvic abscess or cellulitis, 14.6% Adnexa utery, 9.5% Salpingitis, 7.1% Oophoritis, 12.2% Parametritis, 4.6% Chorioamnionitis, and 38.8% Bacterial Vaginitis. The predominant pathogens were: Escherichia coli (25.6%), Enterobacter spp. (11.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (8.5%), Enterococcus faecalis (7.2%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.1%). Methicillin-resistance was observed in 14.3% of S. aureus (MRSA). The overall proportion of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) production among Enterobacteriaceae was 20.8%. The prevalence of ESBL production among E. coli isolates was 24.7% and among K. pneumoniae 11.9%. Resistance to thirdgeneration cephalosporins was observed in 12.8% E.coli and 9.2% K. pneumoniae isolates. Carbapenem resistance was identified in 8.5% of P.aeruginosa isolates. Conclusions: Healthcare associated deep pelvic tissue infection and other infections of the female reproductive tract in Ukraine is a common occurrence and many cases are caused by pathogens that are resistant to antibiotics.

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The Effects of Antimicrobial Resistance and the Compatibility of Initial Antibiotic Treatment on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Diabetic Foot Infection

The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds ◽

10.1177/15347346211004141 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 153473462110041

Author(s):

Nese Saltoglu ◽

Serkan Surme ◽

Elif Ezirmik ◽

Ayten Kadanali ◽

Ahmet Furkan Kurt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Diabetic Foot ◽

Initial Treatment ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Major Amputation ◽

Diabetic Foot Infection ◽

Vascular Insufficiency ◽

Klebsiella Spp

We aimed to determine pathogen microorganisms, their antimicrobial resistance patterns, and the effect of initial treatment on clinical outcomes in patients with diabetic foot infection (DFI). Patients with DFI from 5 centers were included in this multicenter observational prospective study between June 2018 and June 2019. Multivariate analysis was performed for the predictors of reinfection/death and major amputation. A total of 284 patients were recorded. Of whom, 193 (68%) were male and the median age was 59.9 ± 11.3 years. One hundred nineteen (41.9%) patients had amputations, as the minor (n = 83, 29.2%) or major (n = 36, 12.7%). The mortality rate was 1.7% with 4 deaths. A total of 247 microorganisms were isolated from 200 patients. The most common microorganisms were Staphylococcus aureus (n = 36, 14.6%) and Escherichia coli (n = 32, 13.0%). Methicillin resistance rates were 19.4% and 69.6% in S aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp., respectively. Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected in 4 of 22 (18.2%) isolates. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Gram-negative bacteria were detected in 20 (38.5%) isolates of E coli (14 of 32) and Klebsiella spp. (6 of 20). When the initial treatment was inappropriate, Klebsiella spp. related reinfection within 1 to 3 months was observed more frequently. Polymicrobial infection ( p = .043) and vancomycin treatment ( p = .007) were independent predictors of reinfection/death. Multivariate analysis revealed vascular insufficiency ( p = .004), hospital readmission ( p = .009), C-reactive protein > 130 mg/dL ( p = .007), and receiving carbapenems ( p = .005) as independent predictors of major amputation. Our results justify the importance of using appropriate narrow-spectrum empirical antimicrobials because higher rates of reinfection and major amputation were found even in the use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials.

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Antimicrobial resistance profiles of microorganisms isolated from hospitalized patients in Dominican Republic

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública ◽

10.26633/rpsp.2020.36 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

David de Luna ◽

José Javier Sánchez ◽

Miguel Peguero ◽

Wilmary García ◽

Sylmari Liciaga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Dominican Republic ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Carbapenem Resistance ◽

Generation Cephalosporin ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Acinetobacter Spp

Objective. To define the antimicrobial resistance profiles of the microorganisms most commonly isolated from hospitalized adult patients in Dominican Republic (DR). Methods. A retrospective, cross-sectional study of phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility patterns was conducted using data from 3 802 clinical microbiology reports specifying positive bacterial cultures in samples collected from patients admitted to the clinical, surgery, and intensive care units (ICU) at three tertiary-level care hospitals in the city of Santiago de los Caballeros from 1 January 2016 – 31 December 2017. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test (P ≤ 0.05) were used to analyze the qualitative variables. Results. At the three hospitals, there were 932, 1 090, and 1 780 microbiology reports analyzed. Of the total, 1274 were from the ICU, 1 042 from the surgery unit, and 1 486 from the clinical unit. Methicillin resistance was found in 57.3% of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates and 75.3% of the coagulase-negative staphylococci. Third-generation cephalosporin resistance was detected in 54.4% of isolates identified as members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, 67.3% of the Acinetobacter spp., and 91.7% of the Pseudomonas, while carbapenem resistance was shown by 8.0%, 23.8%, and 51.0% of these, respectively. Most of the resistant Acinetobacter spp. isolates were found in just one hospital and the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae resistant to carbapenems was highest in the ICU. Conclusion. Antimicrobial resistance levels are high among hospitalized patients in Dominican Republic and may cause enhanced risk factors that impact clinical outcomes. Urgent measures are needed to address antimicrobial resistance in DR.

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VAGINAL CUFF INFECTION AFTER HYSTERECTOMY IN UKRAINE

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek202102104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 74 (2) ◽

pp. 196-201

Author(s):

Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽

Alla D. Vitiuk ◽

Solomiia Ya. Hrynchuk ◽

Anna S. Bober ◽

Oksana B. Hrynchuk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Carbapenem Resistance ◽

Laparoscopic Hysterectomy ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Esbl Production ◽

Vaginal Cuff ◽

Multicenter Cohort Study ◽

Beta Lactamases ◽

Current Prevalence ◽

Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases

The aim: To obtain the first estimates of the current prevalence of vaginal cuff infection after hysterectomy and antimicrobial resistance of causing pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study was based on surveillance data. The study population consisted of women who had an abdominal, vaginal or laparoscopic hysterectomy from 2017 to 2019 in 7 women hospitals of Ukraine. Definitions of vaginal cuff infections were used from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Healthcare Safety Network, USA. Results: Total 12.6% women’s after hysterectomy had vaginal cuff infections. Of these cases, 20.3% after abdominal, 15.5% vaginal and 4.1% laparoscopic hysterectomy were identified. The predominant pathogens of VCUF infections were: Escherichia coli (18.6%), Enterobacter spp. (12.4%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.8%), Streptococcus spp. (9,7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.6%), Enterococcus faecalis (7,0%) and Proteus spp. (7.0%). Methicillin-resistance was observed in 12.9% of S. aureus (MRSA) and 9.7% CoNS. Carbapenem resistance was identified in 7.3% of P.aeruginosa isolates. Resistance to thirdgeneration cephalosporins was observed in 8.9% K. pneumoniae and E.coli 11.9% isolates. The overall proportion of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) production among Enterobacteriaceae was 22.7%. The prevalence of ESBL production among E. coli isolates was significantly higher than in K. pneumoniae (32.6%, vs 12.3%). Conclusions: Vaginal cuff infections in women after hysterectomy are common in Ukraine and most of these infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The incidence of VCUF infections after hysterectomy differs depending on the type of surgical procedure.

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Antimicrobial Resistance and the Spectrum of Pathogens in Dental and Oral-Maxillofacial Infections in Hospitals and Dental Practices in Germany

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.676108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Annika Meinen ◽

Annicka Reuss ◽

Niklas Willrich ◽

Marcel Feig ◽

Ines Noll ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Carbapenem Resistance ◽

Control Measures ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Infection Prevention And Control ◽

Odontogenic Infections ◽

Hospital Patients ◽

Dental Practices

Data on microbiological profiles in odontogenic infections are scarce. This study aimed to analyze the spectrum of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from dental and oral-maxillofacial clinical settings in Germany. We analyzed 20,645 clinical isolates (dental practices: n = 5,733; hospitals: n = 14,912) from patients with odontogenic infections using data (2012–2019) from the German Antimicrobial-Resistance-Surveillance (ARS) system. A total of 224 different species from 73 genera were found in clinical isolates from dental practices, and 329 different species from 97 genera were identified in isolates from hospital patients. In both hospitals and dental practices Streptococcus spp. (33 and 36%, respectively) and Staphylococcus spp. (21 and 12%, respectively) were the most frequently isolated microorganisms. In Streptococcus spp. isolates from hospitals, penicillin and aminopenicillin resistance proportions were 8.0% (95%CI 4.7–14.9%) and 6.9% (95%CI 4.7–9.9%), respectively. Substantially lower resistance proportions of penicillin and aminopenicillin were observed in dental practices [2.6% (95%CI 1.4–4.7%) and 2.1% (95%CI 1.1–4.0%), respectively]. Among Staphylococcus aureus isolates from hospital patients methicillin resistance proportions were 12.0% (95%CI 9.7–14.8%), which was higher than in isolates from dental practices (5.8% (95%CI 4.1–8.1%)]. High clindamycin and macrolide resistance proportions (>17%) were observed in Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus isolates. In Klebsiella spp. isolates carbapenem resistance proportions were <1%. In sum, substantial antibiotic resistance was observed in isolates from odontogenic infections, which calls for strengthened efforts in antibiotic stewardship and infection prevention and control measures in both hospitals and dental practices.

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HEALTHCARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTION IN NEUROSURGICAL PATIENTS IN UKRAINE: RESULTS OF A MULTICENTER STUDY (2017-2019)

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek202108129 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 74 (8) ◽

pp. 1945-1951

Author(s):

Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽

Dmytro V. Shchehlov ◽

Oleh Svyrydiuk ◽

Ihor M. Bortnik ◽

Maryna Mamonova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbapenem Resistance ◽

Surveillance Data ◽

Healthcare Associated Infection ◽

Surveillance Period ◽

Multicenter Cohort Study ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Current Prevalence ◽

Neurosurgical Patients ◽

Enterococcus Spp ◽

Healthcare Associated

The aim: To obtain the estimates of the current prevalence of healthcare-associated infection among neurosurgical patients and determine the antimicrobial resistance of responsible pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study was based on surveillance data of HAIs among neurosurgical patients from 2017 to 2019 in 7 regional hospitals. Definitions of HAI were used from the CDC/ NHSN. Results: Of 9,711 neurosurgical patients, 1,031 (20.9%) HAIs were observed. The most frequently of HAI types were surgical site infection (53.2%), pneumonia (17.3%), urinary tract infection (15.1%) and bloodstream infection (14.4%). The overall prevalence of HAIs was 20.9% within three months and was 12.8% during one month surveillance period. Death during hospitalization was reported in 11.3% of HAI cases. Escherichia coli were most commonly reported, accounting for 24.3% of all organisms, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (15.9%), Enterococcus spp (14.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.4%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.8%). Meticillin resistance was 34.6% of S.aureus isolates. Vancomycin resistance was in 7.1% of isolated enterococci. Among the gram-negative bacteria, third-generation cephalosporins resistance was found in 48.5% of K.pneumoniae and in 34.3% of E. coli isolates. Carbapenem resistance was reported in 11.7% of all included Enterobacteriaceae, also highest in K.pneumoniae, and in 32.4% of P.aeruginosa isolates and in 67.2% of Acinetobacter spp. isolates. Conclusions: Healthcare-associated infections are a cause for mortality and morbidity among hospitalized neurosurgical patients. This is due to increase emergence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. Routinely collected surveillance data are of great value as a basis for studying the consequences of HAIs.

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PREVALENCE OF POSTPARTUM ENDOMETRITIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF RESPONSIBLE PATHOGENS IN UKRAINE: RESULTS A MULTICENTER STUDY (2015-2017)

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek202006119 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (6) ◽

pp. 1177-1183

Author(s):

Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽

Alla D. Vitiuk ◽

Dmytro Zhelezov ◽

Olga Bilokon ◽

Alla G. Kornatska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Vaginal Delivery ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Multicenter Cohort Study ◽

Hospital System ◽

Vaginal Deliveries

The aim: To obtain the prevalence of postpartum endometritis women and antimicrobial resistance of responsible pathogens in Ukraine. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study. The study population consisted of all women who had a vaginal delivery or cesarean section in 14 Regional Women’s Hospitals of Ukraine. Results: Total 2460 of 25,344 patients were found to have postpartum endometritis, for an overall infection rate of 9.7%. The postpartum endometritis rates were 7.6% after vaginal delivery and 16.4% after cesarean section. Incidence of postpartum endometritis after cesarean section is affected mainly by the mode of delivery (scheduled caesarean deliveries (done before labor starts) – 13.8% and unscheduled caesarean deliveries (done after labor starts) – 22.5%. The predominant pathogens were: Escherichia coli (32.7%), Enterococcus faecalis (13.0%), Streptococcus spp. (12.1%), Klebsiella spp. (10.4%) and Enterobacter spp. (10%). Among the antimicrobial agents tested, the ertapenem, piperacillin/ tazobactam, and cefotaxim were the most consistently active in vitro against Enterobacteriaceae in both vaginal deliveries and after cesarean section infections. The overall proportion of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production among Enterobacteriaceae was 22.8% and of methicillin-resistance in Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 15.4%. Conclusions: Postpartum endometritis and antimicrobial resistance of responsible pathogens presents a significant burden to the hospital system. Postpartum infections surveillance is required in all women’s hospitals. This knowledge is essential to develop targeted strategies to reduce the incidence of postpartum infections.

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Healthcare-associated infections in a newly opened pediatric intensive care unit in Turkey: Results of four-year surveillance

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.7517 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (03) ◽

pp. 254-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Serkan Atici ◽

Ahmet Soysal ◽

Eda Kepenekli Kadayifci ◽

Ayşe Karaaslan ◽

Gülşen Akkoç ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Infection Control ◽

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Pediatric Intensive Care ◽

Incidence Density ◽

Healthcare Associated Infections ◽

Healthcare Associated ◽

Klebsiella Spp

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are important causes of morbidity and mortality, especially in critically ill patients in intensive care units. The aim of this study was to assess the rate and distribution of HAIs, pathogens, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in a newly opened pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Methodology: The infection control team detected and recorded HAI cases according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s criteria in the PICU of Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital over a four-year period following its opening. Laboratory-based HAIs surveillance was performed prospectively from 1 January 2011 to 30 November 2014. Results: During the study period, 1,007 patients hospitalized in the PICU and 224 HAIs were identified. The overall HAI rate was 22.24%, and the incidence density was 20.71 per 1,000 patient-days. The most commonly observed HAIs were bloodstream infection (35.7%), pneumonia (21.4%), and urinary tract infection (20.5%), and the three most common HAI pathogens were Klebsiella spp. (19.4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.8%), and Acinetobacter baumanii (12%). Methicillin resistance was detected in 78% of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases was determined in 45% and 54% of Klebsiella spp. strains and Escherichia coli isolates, respectively. Conclusions: Our rate of HAIs is higher than the mean rates reported in PICU studies from developed countries. Active surveillance studies of HAIs is an essential component of infection control, which may contribute to improving preventive strategies in developing countries.

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Microbiological Profile of Significant Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms Isolated in a Tertiary Care Centre, Kerala, India

International Journal of Research and Review ◽

10.52403/ijrr.20210550 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 404-411

Author(s):

Vishnu Kaniyarakkal ◽

Suresh Baboo Variamkandi ◽

Kalpana George

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Carbapenem Resistance ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Medical Community ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Middle Income ◽

Microbiological Profile ◽

Key Factor

Emergence of bacterial antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major concern across the globe. Infections with multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO’s) increase the morbidity and mortality in addition to financial costs, especially in vulnerable patients. Knowing the profile of MDRO’s in a particular region or institution helps in optimal and timely antibiotic therapy, which is a key factor in avoiding the selection pressure exerted on microorganisms. In this study, microbiological profile of significant MDRO’s isolated over a period of two years were analysed retrospectively. 58% of the total isolates were classified as MDRO’s. Intensive care units (ICU’s) contributed to a significantly higher number of MDRO’s than other departments (p<0.001). Methicillin resistance was seen in 54% of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Carbapenem resistance was encountered widely amongst members of the genus enterobacteriaceae (approximately 40% isolates of Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp.) and Acinetobacter spp. (78%). This study emphasizes the fact that AMR burden is high in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC’s) and that a concerted effort on the part of legislators, medical community and general public is required to address the issue. Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance, MDRO profile, carbapenem resistance.

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