POPULATION   BEHAVIOR   AS A CHALLENGE    TOWARD RABIES   CONTROL PROGRAM   IN WEST  SUMATRA

Rabies is geographically distributed in 8 provinces in Indonesia and its endemicity is quite related to the educational level of the dog owners. The more lower of the population education. it seems that the personal hygienic is worsen, and their dog immunization coverage is far less than 80% of dog population as recommended by World Health Organization, WHO. The objective of study is to determine the relationship between the dog owner family education level and their behavior toward rabies control program activity. This study is designed as Cross Sectional method and sampled by multistage procession, where the houshold sample was taken randomly from the high and the low endemicity of rabies. The dog owner was interviewed based on the prepared written questionnaire. The result of the study showed that the majority of the respondent population were low educational level where 73.0% in the cities and 49.0% in lhe villages not even passing the public school. Rabies transmission is known by 94.4% of the respondents respectively and 93.0% of them knew about rabies prevention by vaccination coverage among rabies transmitter animal was only 33.1 %. Educational level is significantly associated with tha dog owners behavior with p<0.05, (p:0.000). It is hoping, this study regarding the rabies control program will pay a valuable contribution in term of the dog oqwner knowledge improvement by public health education which will be given by the public health educator. Boar Hunter Clubs, local village key persons, or maybe by the religion leader.

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Anaemia among Egyptian adolescents: prevalence and determinants

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal ◽

10.26719/2000.6.5-6.1017 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 6 (5-6) ◽

pp. 1017-1025

Author(s):

F. El Sahn ◽

S. Sallam ◽

A. Mandif ◽

O. Galal

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Educational Level ◽

Inverse Relationship ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Public Health Education ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Socioeconomic Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Wide Scale

We aimed to estimate the nationwide prevalence of anaemia among adolescents in Egypt and to study possible risk factors. A cross-sectional approach was used. Blood samples were collected from 1980 adolescents for haemoglobin estimation. The overall prevalence of anaemia was 46.6%, most of which was mild or moderate, with severe cases in less than 1.0% of the sample. Gender difference was almost nonexistent. A significant inverse relationship was observed between the level of anaemia and age [especially among boys], socioeconomic level and educational level. Anaemia was more prevalent in rural areas and in Upper [southern] Egypt. Anaemia is a major public health problem among Egyptian adolescents and wide-scale public health education is warranted.

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Eliminating measles: contributions by the Oporto international vaccination centre from 2017 to 2018

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1409 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

F Malcata ◽

G Saldanha ◽

M Henriques

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

World Health ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Routine Practice ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Population Mobility ◽

Mmr Vaccine ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Third

Abstract Background Measles is one of world's most contagious diseases and a growing population mobility has promoted its spreading. Outbreaks have been recorded around the world, despite public health efforts. Measles spreads faster among clusters of unvaccinated people. In 2018, World Health Organization reported 328629 cases worldwide, of which 82596 in Europe and 171 in Portugal- 93% of the latter were imported. Portugal had one of the highest proportions of childhood immunization coverage for Measles-Mumps-Rubella (MMR): 98% for first dose, and 96-98% for second. The main goal of this study was to describe the contribution of the Oporto International Vaccination Centre (OIVC), one of the largest in Portugal, to measles elimination. Methods Cross-sectional study, with analysis of vaccination records from travelers vaccinated for MMR at OIVC between January 2017 and December 2018. Results OIVC held 5426 pre-travel consultations in 2017, and 6192 in 2018. 535 travelers got the MMR vaccine (57.2% males). Mean age was 44.3±10.9 [1;76] years. Among travelers aged 12 months-18 years (n = 10), 50% were inoculated with the first dose and 50% with the second. Regarding adult travelers (n = 525), 71.6% received the first dose; 24.2% the second; 2.9% the third dose; and 1.3% received both first and second (within > 4 weeks). Conclusions The substantial number of inoculated vaccines in OIVC resulted from checking traveler's vaccination immunity status in all pre-travel consultations; this routine practice aimed at reducing the risk of importing/exporting measles. The second dose of MMR was justified by the diversity of travelers who came to OIVC, and to whom such inoculation was indicated: health professionals, humanitarian travelers, and workers in airlines and cruises. The third dose was given due to loss of measles serologic immunity. These measures are important to implement the recommendations of the Measles National Elimination Program, while contributing to global public health. Key messages This is an original study on the contribution of international vaccination centers to reduce the number of imported/exported cases and to eliminate measles - which is a global public health issue. At a global level, measles has a large disease burden. Therefore, it is essential to take every opportunity, including pre-travel consultations, to vaccinate people.

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Chekhov’s corner: Using Dreamland: The True Tale of America’s Opiate Epidemic in the public health classroom

Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/pubmed/fdz047 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. e278-e282

Author(s):

Corey H Basch ◽

Victoria H Wagner

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Public Health Education ◽

Popular Literature ◽

Theory Approach ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Basic Premise ◽

The Public ◽

Interesting Approach ◽

Elective Course ◽

Grounded Theory Approach

Abstract Background Narratives can provide an interesting approach to health communication, incorporating anecdotes, imagery, and details that resonate with readers. Given this context, the purpose of this study was to explore the use of Dreamland: The True Tale of America’s Opiate Epidemic to define and demonstrate an understanding of Ethos, Pathos and Logos. Methods This qualitative, cross-sectional education research was based on the use of Dreamland: The True Tale of America's Opiate Epidemic by Sam Quinones in an undergraduate elective. The elective course focused on using popular literature to promote a better understanding of health concepts. The assignment focused on the applicability of models of persuasion (Ethos, Pathos, and Logos) used in this book. Responses (n = 18) were compiled and reviewed following the basic premise of the Grounded Theory approach. This allowed for the identification and development of overarching themes in a way that gives a sense of how students applied this reading to the aforementioned directed question regarding models of persuasion. Results In establishing Ethos, the author’s background as a journalist and the detailed interviews with credible sources were two major themes. Student quotations demonstrate that Pathos in this book was exemplified by presenting many different aspects of a complicated epidemic, rife with possibilities for evoking emotion. Illustrative quotations indicate that students are critically analyzing the text. Conclusion Narratives can serve as a vehicle that influences people’s understandings and beliefs, potentially promoting change in behavior or attitudes. They can enhance public health education and learning in an enriching and cross-disciplinary way.

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PENGARUH CAKUPAN IMUNISASI CAMPAK TERHADAP INCIDENCE RATE PENYAKIT CAMPAK DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2016

Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.33086/jhs.v11i2.108 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 159-166

Author(s):

Satriya Wijaya

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Child Mortality ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Control Program ◽

Health Profile ◽

Simple Linear Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

Immunization has proven to be one of the most important public health efforts. The immunization program has shown remarkable success and is a very cost-effective effort in preventing infectious diseases (MOH, 2003). Immunization has also saved so many lives compared to other public health efforts. Very important role of measles immunization in reducing child mortality, so measles immunization become one of indicator in achieving fourth goal of MDGs that is decrease child mortality rate. In this case, what is seen is the proportion of one-year-old children who get measles immunization (WHO, 2014 in the Ministry of Health RI, 2014). The design of this study was cross-sectional with a retrospective approach. The target of this research is all people in Indonesia who are positive for measles. The data used are secondary data derived from the Health Profile of Indonesia Year 2015, to describe the implementation of measles control program in Indonesia in 2016. The variables measured in this study include the success rate of measles immunization coverage in Indonesia in 2016 and the extent of the decrease in measles incidence rate as the impact of measles immunization coverage program in Indonesia in 2016. The overall data used in this study is obtained from data health that is reported on the Health Profile of Indonesia Year 2015. Statistical method used is parametric statistics with the test used is Simple Linear Regression with the help of computer software that is SPSS to help analyze the regression results between the dependent variable and independent variables. The results showed that all infants in Jambi, West Nusa Tenggara, South Sumatera, Central Java and Lampung provinces had measles immunization. Meanwhile, the lowest coverage is Papua with 62.40%, followed by Aceh with 69.60% and West Papua with 73.69%. Then the result of analysis by using simple linear regression statistic test showed that the measles immunization coverage program has an effect on the incidence rate of measles disease with significance value equal to 0,035. In addition, from the research results obtained information that an effective way to prevent measles is the immunization of children under the age of 9 months (<1 year). During the period 2000-2013, measles immunization succeeded in reducing 15.6 million (75%) deaths from measles in Indonesia.

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Promoting mask use on TikTok: An unconventional approach to public health education (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.26392 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Corey H Basch ◽

Joseph Fera ◽

Isabela Pierce ◽

Charles E Basch

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Public Health Education ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Past ◽

The Us ◽

Public Health Messages ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Health Organization

BACKGROUND Over the past decade, there has been an increasing secular trend in studies of social media and health. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the content and characteristics of TikTok videos related to an important aspect of community mitigation, namely use of masks as a way to interrupt transmission of SARS-CoV-2. METHODS One-hundred trending video with the hashtag #WearAMask, a campaign on TikTok, along with 32 videos posted by the World Health Organization (WHO) that included masks in any way (to date) were included in the sample. Metadata on each post and content categories created using fact sheets from WHO and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) inform characteristics that were coded. RESULTS Videos posted using the hashtag #WearAMask garnered almost a half billion views, (n = 494,824,395) and videos posted by the WHO garnered over 57 million views. While the ratio of trending #WearAMask to WHO videos was ~3:1, the #WearAMask videos received almost 10 times as many cumulative views. A total of 68% of the trending #WearAMask videos used humor (garnering over 355 million cumulative views), but only three of the WHO videos used humor, and while 27% of the trending #WearAMask videos used dance (garnering over 130 million cumulative views), none of the WHO videos used dance. CONCLUSIONS This study is one of the first to describe how TikTok is being used for community mitigation of COVID-19 by promoting mask use. Because of its incredible reach, there is great potential to convey important public health messages to various segments of the population.

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Building Capacity of the Public Health Education Workforce Through Partnerships

Californian Journal of Health Promotion ◽

10.32398/cjhp.v1i1.380 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 49-59

Author(s):

Mark Tomita

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Disparities ◽

Health Education ◽

Public Health Education ◽

Professional Associations ◽

State University ◽

Cd Rom ◽

The Public ◽

Prevention Services ◽

The Usa

The Global Health Disparities CD-ROM Project reaffirmed the value of professional associations partnering with academic institutions to build capacity of the USA public health education workforce to meet the challenges of primary prevention services. The Society for Public Health Education (SOPHE) partnered with the California State University, Chico to produce a CD-ROM that would advocate for global populations that are affected by health disparities while providing primary resources for public health educators to use in programming and professional development. The CD-ROM development process is discussed

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What are Hidden Facts behind Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Ilam City?

Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871526518666180508125418 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 284-287

Author(s):

S. Viesy ◽

J. Abdi ◽

Z. Rezaei

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Public Health Education ◽

Health Problems ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Blastocystis Hominis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽

Number Of Patients

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are the one of the most common health problems in developing countries. Objective: A number of patients die annually due to complications caused by these parasites.Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the rate and type of parasitic infections, determine the factors affecting them in Ilam city and also provide strategies to prevent them.In this descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in one of the Ilam labs in 2016, 417 stool specimens were randomly collected. All specimens were examined using direct and ethanol formaldehyde.Suspect specimens were examined using Trichrom staining. Demographic information was also recorded in a questionnaire, and finally the results were analyzed using statistical software SPSS 20.The data were then compared with Chi-square test. Results: Out of the 417 patients examined, 59 (14.1%) were infected with intestinal parasites. The type of parasitic infection in 9.4% was Blastocystis hominis, 3.6% Entamoeba coli, 0.5% Entamoeba histolytica, 0.5% Giardia and 0.2% Trichomonas hominis. Conclusion: Despite the improvement of public health, parasitic infections are still considered as one of the health problems in the city of Ilam. Therefore, proper planning, public health education, raising the level of health in the area and the provision of safe drinking water are some of the ways to reduce parasitic infections in the region.

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Panic and Trust during COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study on Immigrants in South Korea

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9020199 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 199

Author(s):

Myeong Sook Yoon ◽

Israel Fisseha Feyissa ◽

So-Won Suk

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

South Korea ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Native Community ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Marginalized Groups ◽

Local Media ◽

Effective Public Health

In the COVID-19 pandemic, marginalized groups like migrants are disproportionately affected. As panic, fear of neglect, and mistrusting institutions in these groups are presumed to be apparent, their detachment to health services still needs to be investigated. This study comparatively analyzed the level of panic and trust between South Koreans and immigrants who are living within highly affected areas of South Korea. Mann–Whitney-U-Test and Pearson correlation showed panic is more pronounced in the Korean group while having a similar panic display pattern with the immigrants. The immigrant group appears to highly trust the Korean health system, health institutions, local media, and the local native community. Beyond conventional expectations, participant’s average panic score showed a statistically significant positive correlation with items of the trust scale, indicating a level of individual reliance amid the pandemic panic. Thus, ascertaining institutional trust and matured citizenry are identified as factors for effective public health outcomes. During such a pandemic, this study also reminded the public health needs of immigrants as secondary citizens, and presumptions of immigrants’ mistrust in such settings might not always be true.

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Retrospective study of the distribution of doctors in municipalities of extreme poverty in Brazil

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.323 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

B L O Luizeti ◽

E M M Massuda ◽

L F G Garcia

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health System ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Extreme Poverty ◽

The Public ◽

The North ◽

Unified Health System ◽

Shortage Of Doctors ◽

Demographic Distribution

Abstract In view of the national scenario of scarcity of material and human resources in public health in Brazil, the survey verified the demographics of doctors who attend the Unified Health System (SUS) in municipalities of extreme poverty. An observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out, based on secondary quantitative data from the Department of Informatics of the SUS using the TABNET of December 2019. The care networks variable was restricted to infer the number of physicians who attend the SUS in extreme poverty municipalities in Brazil. Municipalities of extreme poverty are those that at least 20% of the population have a household income of up to 145 reais per capita monthly. In Brazil, there are 1526 municipalities in extreme poverty, 27.4% of the country's total municipalities. 14,907 doctors linked to SUS work in this condition, 3.19% of the total of these professionals in Brazil. There is still disproportion between regions: North concentrates 11.2% of the municipalities in extreme poverty and 8.61% of the total number of doctors; Northeast, with 61.33% of these municipalities, for 61.5% of doctors; Southeast, with 15.46% of the municipalities in this condition, has 20.6% of doctors; South concentrates 10.87% of the municipalities under discussion with 5.61% of doctors and the Midwest, with 4.87% of these municipalities, has 3.54% of doctors. Between 2009 and 2018, there was a 39% increase in the number of doctors in these locations, however, for 2019, there was a decrease of 3.89%. The medical demographic distribution in Brazil is uneven, especially in the North. There is also the vulnerability of this population in view of the observed reduction in the number of professionals between 2018 and 2019 in municipalities of extreme poverty, for political reasons. It is evident the need to restructure the health system to guarantee access to health for this population, through the attraction and fixation of doctors in needy regions in Brazil. Key messages Shortage of doctors in extreme poverty municipalities reinforces the health vulnerability of the population in Brazil. The uneven medical demography in Brazil requires restructuring in the public health system.

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Evaluation of Education for Public Health: A Practical Foundation for Solidarity

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz185.063 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

M Perkiö ◽

R Harrison ◽

M Grivna ◽

D Tao ◽

C Evashwich

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Education ◽

Health Workforce ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Public Health Education ◽

Public Health Workforce ◽

Rigorous Evaluation ◽

The Public ◽

Public Health Professionals

Abstract Education is a key to creating solidary among the professionals who advance public health’s interdisciplinary mission. Our assumption is that if all those who work in public health shared core knowledge and the skills for interdisciplinary interaction, collaboration across disciplines, venues, and countries would be facilitated. Evaluation of education is an essential element of pedagogy to ensure quality and consistency across boundaries, as articulated by the UNESCO education standards. Our study examined the evaluation studies done by programs that educate public health professionals. We searched the peer reviewed literature published in English between 2000-2017 pertaining to the education of the public health workforce at a degree-granting level. The 2442 articles found covered ten health professions disciplines and had lead authors representing all continents. Only 86 articles focused on evaluation. The majority of the papers examined either a single course, a discipline-specific curriculum or a teaching method. No consistent methodologies could be discerned. Methods ranged from sophisticated regression analyses and trends tracked over time to descriptions of focus groups and interviews of small samples. We found that evaluations were primarily discipline-specific, lacked rigorous methodology in many instances, and that relatively few examined competencies or career expectations. The public health workforce enjoys a diversity of disciplines but must be able to come together to share diverse knowledge and skills. Evaluation is critical to achieving a workforce that is well trained in the competencies pertinent to collaboration. This study informs the pedagogical challenges that must be confronted going forward, starting with a commitment to shared core competencies and to consistent and rigorous evaluation of the education related to training public health professionals. Key messages Rigorous evaluation is not sufficiently used to enhance the quality of public health education. More frequent use of rigorous evaluation in public health education would enhance the quality of public health workforce, and enable cross-disciplinary and international collaboration for solidarity.

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