Human potential in the system of social and economic development: problems and prospects of Vinnytsia region

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Olesya Tomchuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Social And Economic Development

The article highlights the problems and prospects of human development, which is the basis for the long-term strategies of social and economic growth of different countries and regions at the present stage. Submitting strategies of this type provides an opportunity to focus on individual empowerment and to build a favorable environment for effective management decisions in the field of forming, maintaining, and restoring human potential. The analysis of the Vinnytsia region human potential dynamics in the regional system of social and economic development factors was carried out. Application of generalized assessment of the regional human development index components allowed the identification of the main trends that characterize the formation of human potential of the territory, including the reproduction of the population, social environment, comfort and quality of life, well-being, decent work, and education. The article emphasizes that despite some positive changes in the social and economic situation of the region and in assessing the parameters of its human development level relative to other regions of Ukraine, Vinnytsia region is now losing its human potential due to negative demographic situation and migration to other regions and countries. The main reason for such dynamics is proven to be related to the outdated structure of the region's economy, the predominance of the agricultural sector, the lack of progressive transformations in the development of high-tech fields of the economy. An important factor is the low level of urbanization of the region, which leads to the spread of less attractive working conditions and less comfortable living conditions. The key factors that cause the growth of urbanization in the region have been identified, including the significant positive impact of the transport and social infrastructure expansion, the lack of which in rural areas leads to a decrease in the level and comfort of life. Without progressive structural changes in the economy and the resettlement system, the loss of human potential will continue.

scholarly journals REVEALING THE POVERTY ERADICATION EFFORTS THROUGH AGRICULTURE SECTOR IN SABAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 186-199
Author(s):  
Romzi Ationg ◽  
Mohd Sohaimi Esa ◽  
Mohd Azri Ibrahim ◽  
Irma Wani Othman ◽  
Mohd Nur Hidayat Hasbollah Hajimin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The People

Poverty eradication through the agricultural sector has been one of the most important agendas in Sabah. To understand this matter, an examination of poverty eradication history in Sabah is immensely valuable. Accordingly, by examine the documents such as books, official government reports journals, and newspapers, this paper discusses the poverty eradication efforts in Sabah. Based on the information obtained, it shows that the rural areas' economic development in Sabah through the agricultural sector has been the focus of both the state and the federal governments. This was carried out due to the need of ensuring the people of Sabah be able to improve their standard of living, particularly in terms of socio-economics well-being as they generally linked with the issue of poverty.

scholarly journals Domain Dimension of Family Relationships in the South of Johor through the Family Well-Being Index 2017

Society ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-194
Author(s):  
Siti Sarawati Johar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Internal Conflicts ◽  
Motivational Support ◽  
The Family ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Social Importance

Family institutions are fundamental units of social importance in the process of human development, construction, and development, through the capacity of human capital formation. Physical development alone is meaningless if it is not accompanied by human development based on its natural nature. It is impossible to deal with internal conflicts and to challenge current family institutions because families cannot handle progressive social and economic development processes with simplicity and balance in the family. For example, when there is a disruption in family interaction, there is a loss of family relationships and non-compliance with the value system. Therefore, efforts to balance the demands of social and economic development must be consistent with strengthening relationships within family institutions, as emphasized in the Family Well-Being Index through the Family Relationships dimension. This effort is in line with the desire to create prosperity in family institutions which involves developing individuals and families in a balanced and holistic manner physically, spiritually, economically, socially and mentally. In line with that, a study aimed at testing the Family Well-Being Index was conducted on 319 respondents representing their families in the Pasir Gudang district, Johor Bahru, Malaysia, in 2017. For discussions in this study, the focus would be on the family relationships dimension in terms of Motivational Support, Togetherness, and Curiosity. Overall study findings indicate that the Family Well-Being Index for the Family Relationships dimension is at an excellent level, thus providing relevant interpretations of positive perceptions and practices among study respondents, through testing the Family Relationships domain in three main dimensions.

scholarly journals NEW DIRECTION OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF CHINA

2018 ◽  
pp. 240-248
Author(s):  
S. POLONIK ◽  
M. SMOLYAROVA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Mechanism ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The Relationship

The article describes the organizational and economic mechanism of reforming of China's agriculture; the model of the relationship between the level of cooperation in agriculture in China and the growth of the well-being of the population. The role of village-township enterprises in the success of reforming China's agriculture has been determined.

IMPACT OF MGNREGA ON AGRICULTURE LABOUR

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
S A Sampath Kumar ◽  
Sammaiah Buhukya
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Social ◽  
Market Wage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economic Well Being

MGNREGA can have a positive impact on the social and economic well-being of rural labours and their families. In particular, it holds the powerful prospect of bringing major change in the lives of women. The study has explored the impact of MGNREGA on the labour in the agricultural sector of the district of Mahabubnagar in Telangana State. it was conducted using primary and secondary data has found that MGNREGA did have an impact on the agriculture at the time of its introduction and does have a role in the hike in the labour wages in rural areas. The MGNREGA wage acts as a standard minimum wage act keeping the labour market wage high for both male and female. The scheme has been found effective in equal wage act for men and women , empowerment of the poor encompasses three tasks-reduction of poverty, creation of employment and minimizing inequality. This article presents the impact of MGNREGA on the labour supply in the agricultural sector, the extent of the transfer of labour, , from the agriculture to MGNREGA and offers some suggestions

scholarly journals The problems of optimization the quality of life in modern Russia through the prism of economic theory and practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-391
Author(s):  
T. A. Nekrasova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Social And Economic Development

The article deals with theoretical and economic, social and practical aspects of improving the quality of life as a target criterion for the development of modern Russia. Approved in 2008, "The Concept of Long-Term Social and Economic Development of the Russian Federation for the Period to 2020" contains tasks to achieve high standards of human well-being and social well-being, the formation of a leadership and innovation economy, the expansion of economic freedom and maintenance of social justice, the transition to an innovative socially-oriented type of development. The transition from a resource-resource model of the economy to an innovation requires the development of human potential and the improvement of the quality of life of the population at the level of indicators characteristic of developed countries. In the article, a comparative analysis of the target targets for the development of human potential established by the Concept was carried out, with their actual values published by the Federal Service for State Statistics: the average annual increase in the gross domestic product, the population with cash incomes below the subsistence level, public spending on education, public expenditure on health , the dynamics of the coefficient of funds. The conducted analysis showed that the considered indicators of the development of human potential and the quality of life of the population have not been achieved at present. This is due to unfavorable external and internal factors affecting the Russian economy. The decline in oil prices and the imposition of sanctions against Russia exacerbated structural problems in the economy, which resulted in 2014-2016. to a depreciation of the national currency, an increase in inflation, a decrease in consumer demand, an outflow of capital and a fall in real incomes of the population. Thus, it is necessary to adjust the Concept of Russia's social and economic development taking into account the prevailing macroeconomic situation.

Living on a low income as a systemic impediment to socio-economic development of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
NATALIIA TOLSTYKH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Government

The article sheds light on various approaches that seek to determine how widespread poverty and life on a low income are in Ukraine nowadays. As a social phenomenon, poverty has traditionally been associated with destitution and living below the subsistence level set by the government. However, the author holds the view that life on a low income not only means living near or below the poverty line. There is another part of Ukraine’s population that should also be considered needy — those whose income is less than twice as the subsistence level, and most of them are also subject to socio-economic deprivation. Drawing upon the findings of a social survey conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the NAS of Ukraine in 2019, the paper analyses the standard of living among different income groups. Particular attention is given to consumption patterns and social well-being of respondents in the lower income brackets. From the data, it can be inferred that living conditions of many Ukrainians are inadequate to sustain and develop human potential; furthermore, the low-income households have literally to struggle every day to make ends meet. The author brings into focus the main macroeconomic factors contributing to this situation and its adverse effect on the nation’s social potential. Some of the most common social consequences of living on a low income have been identified, such as limited consumption, a person’s dissatisfaction with life and his/her position in society. The above-mentioned survey also provides the estimates of how much the current subsistence level (with regard to Ukraine) should be. Having been made by different socio-demographic and occupational groups of Ukraine’s population, these estimates are a useful source of information — given that subsistence level is considered the basic social standard. According to the survey, all these figures are at variance with the official subsistence level, which is noticeably lower, and this indicates that the current subsistence level needs an upward revision. Today, the overall socio-economic situation in Ukraine is unfavourable for neoliberal economic reforms initiated by the government. Since these policies are primarily designed to reduce the role of state in managing the economy and implementing social welfare programmes, following this path will inevitably result in the entrenchment of mass poverty and in a major loss of Ukraine’s human potential, as well as labour force. The author argues that tackling the country’s chronic low income problem is only possible if a new strategy for socio-economic development is adopted, where social welfare is prioritised.

scholarly journals Fenomena Penuaan Petani dan Berkurangnya Tenaga Kerja Muda serta Implikasinya bagi Kebijakan Pembangunan Pertanian

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Hery Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Young Workers ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Agricultural Diversification ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
The Government

<strong>English</strong><br />Qualified human resources with a good commitment to develop agricultural sector is one of the determining factors toward sustainable agricultural development. However, agricultural development deals with significant issue especially reduction in the number of young farmers. This paper aims to review structural changes from perspective of aging farmer and declined number of young farmers in Indonesia and other countries. Specifically, this paper identifies various factors causing the changes and describes the policies needed to support young workers to enter agricultural sector. The method used in this paper is both descriptive analysis and cross tabulation. The results show that aging farmers and young farmers decline in Indonesia keep increasing. The phenomena are also found in other countries in Asia, Europe, America and Australia. Various factors causing lack interest of young workers in agricultural sector, namely less prestigious, high risk, less assurance, unstable earning. Other factors are small size land holding, limited non-agricultural diversification and agricultural processing activities in rural areas, slow farm management succession, and lack of incentive for young farmers. To attract youth to enter agricultural sector, it is necessary to transform youth’s perception that agricultural sector currently is interesting and promising. The government needs to development agricultural industry in rural areas, introduces technology innovation, offers special incentives for young farmers, modernizes agriculture, and conducts training and empowerment of young farmers.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas dan memiliki komitmen membangun sektor pertanian merupakan salah satu faktor keberhasilan pembangunan pertanian berkelanjutan. Namun, pembangunan pertanian menghadapi permasalahan cukup serius, yaitu jumlah petani muda terus mengalami penurunan, baik secara absolut maupun relatif, sementara petani usia tua semakin meningkat. Tujuan makalah ini adalah melakukan review tentang perubahan struktural tenaga kerja pertanian dilihat dari fenomena aging farmer dan menurunnya jumlah tenaga kerja usia muda sektor pertanian di Indonesia dan di berbagai negara lainnya, mengidentifikasi berbagai faktor penyebab perubahan tersebut, serta kebijakan yang diperlukan untuk mendukung tenaga kerja muda masuk ke  sektor pertanian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan tabulasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara umum fenomena penuaan petani dan berkurangnya petani muda di Indonesia semakin meningkat. Kondisi seperti ini bukan hanya terjadi di Indonesia, namun juga di negara-negara lain di Asia, Eropa, dan Amerika.  Berbagai faktor penyebab menurunnya minat tenaga kerja muda di sektor pertanian, di antaranya citra sektor pertanian yang kurang bergengsi, berisiko tinggi, kurang memberikan jaminan tingkat, stabilitas, dan kontinyuitas pendapatan; rata-rata penguasaan lahan sempit; diversifikasi usaha nonpertanian dan industri pertanian di desa kurang/tidak berkembang; suksesi pengelolaan usaha tani rendah; belum ada kebijakan insentif khusus untuk petani muda/pemula; dan berubahnya cara pandang pemuda di era postmodern seperti sekarang. Strategi yang perlu dilakukan untuk menarik minat pemuda bekerja di pertanian antara lain mengubah persepsi generasi muda bahwa sektor pertanian merupakan sektor yang menarik dan menjanjikan apabila dikelola dengan tekun dan sungguh-sungguh, pengembangan agroindustri, inovasi teknologi,  pemberian insentif khusus kepada petani muda, pengembangan pertanian modern, pelatihan dan pemberdayaan petani muda, serta memperkenalkan pertanian kepada generasi muda sejak dini.

MANAGEMENT, MODERNIZATION AND COUNTERMEASURES OF RURAL VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hejun Zhao ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cultural Literacy ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Professional Skills

The article identifies the current state and the main rural problems that cover many levels due to the complexity and systematization. The way to solve rural problems is connected not only with the rights and interests of farmers, but also with the coordinated progress and development of the whole economy and society. Thanks to the widespread development of high-quality vocational education in rural areas, this can not only increase cultural literacy, skills and incomes of farmers, but also contribute to overall social and economic growth. Vocational education can help farmers improve their professional skills and find effective ways to solve existing problems by improving their own skills and quality. The main problems of sustainable development in rural vocational education at the policy level, management problems in vocational schools at the operational level, farmers' ideology does not meet the needs of modern social and economic development, low overall quality of rural population, unreasonable human resources structure and serious outflow population in rural areas. Reasoned solutions and countermeasures are proposed by studying the main problems of rural vocational education development, namely: to solve the problem of sustainable development of rural vocational education, the government must carefully plan the structure of rural vocational education, increase capital investment, actively implement funding for one student, guarantee the well-being of teachers, seek to narrow the gap between urban and rural education and reflect the fairness of education; organize smart teaching methods to improve the learning effect, strengthen the teaching staff, through "dual qualifications", i.e. have the knowledge and technology; to solve the ideological problems of students and parents is the use of the media for the ideological promotion of "precious skills and glorious work" throughout society. Effectively and qualitatively improve the economic development of rural areas is possible through the modernization of rural areas and the interest of farmers in scientific knowledge and technical skills, increase professional skills to improve the quality of production and labor efficiency.

Selected Observations and Lessons Learned for 21st-Century Supports for Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprises

2020 ◽  
pp. 358-368
Author(s):  
Katharine Briar-Lawson ◽  
Paul Miesing ◽  
Blanca M. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social And Economic Development

Key propositions and recommendations for support of social enterprises and entrepreneurship are presented in this chapter on “Selected Observations and Lessons Learned for 21st-Century Supports for Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprises.” These are derived from snapshots of developments in the nations and regions discussed in prior chapters. In addition, warning signs about these innovations are offered. Some recommend more social protection and social supports for social entrepreneurs. Others suggest more, not less, government intervention in support of sustainable social and economic development. Key domains for further exploration include the premises on which social enterprises and social entrepreneurship are built. In addition, more contextual understanding is needed, as well as a balancing of social and economic development for human well-being. Moreover, selected findings for social enterprises and their role in social inclusion and economic development are offered. Lessons learned are highlighted along with recommendations for future research.

The culture of conveniences

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-158
Author(s):  
Christopher Dye
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Energy Education ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Societal Norms ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Health And Well Being

Despite thousands of years of toilet culture and technology, and despite the obvious benefits of sanitation for health and well-being, the great majority of people alive today do not have access to a safe system for removing human waste. The installation of safe sanitary systems depends on cooperation among many kinds of providers and users. Their collective goal is to align the benefits for health with personal and social preferences for toilet use and hygiene, while exploiting other benefits from agriculture, energy, education, environmental protection, housing, and flood protection. For individuals, families, and communities, toilets are not merely, or even mainly, to protect health. Rather, their acceptability hinges on convenience, privacy, personal safety, and dignity, where preferences are rooted in societal norms. Providing safe sanitation for all is not merely a health intervention: it is one of the mutually reinforcing processes of cultural, social, and economic development.

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