scholarly journals Fenomena Penuaan Petani dan Berkurangnya Tenaga Kerja Muda serta Implikasinya bagi Kebijakan Pembangunan Pertanian

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Hery Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Young Workers ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Agricultural Diversification ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
The Government

<strong>English</strong><br />Qualified human resources with a good commitment to develop agricultural sector is one of the determining factors toward sustainable agricultural development. However, agricultural development deals with significant issue especially reduction in the number of young farmers. This paper aims to review structural changes from perspective of aging farmer and declined number of young farmers in Indonesia and other countries. Specifically, this paper identifies various factors causing the changes and describes the policies needed to support young workers to enter agricultural sector. The method used in this paper is both descriptive analysis and cross tabulation. The results show that aging farmers and young farmers decline in Indonesia keep increasing. The phenomena are also found in other countries in Asia, Europe, America and Australia. Various factors causing lack interest of young workers in agricultural sector, namely less prestigious, high risk, less assurance, unstable earning. Other factors are small size land holding, limited non-agricultural diversification and agricultural processing activities in rural areas, slow farm management succession, and lack of incentive for young farmers. To attract youth to enter agricultural sector, it is necessary to transform youth’s perception that agricultural sector currently is interesting and promising. The government needs to development agricultural industry in rural areas, introduces technology innovation, offers special incentives for young farmers, modernizes agriculture, and conducts training and empowerment of young farmers.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas dan memiliki komitmen membangun sektor pertanian merupakan salah satu faktor keberhasilan pembangunan pertanian berkelanjutan. Namun, pembangunan pertanian menghadapi permasalahan cukup serius, yaitu jumlah petani muda terus mengalami penurunan, baik secara absolut maupun relatif, sementara petani usia tua semakin meningkat. Tujuan makalah ini adalah melakukan review tentang perubahan struktural tenaga kerja pertanian dilihat dari fenomena aging farmer dan menurunnya jumlah tenaga kerja usia muda sektor pertanian di Indonesia dan di berbagai negara lainnya, mengidentifikasi berbagai faktor penyebab perubahan tersebut, serta kebijakan yang diperlukan untuk mendukung tenaga kerja muda masuk ke  sektor pertanian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan tabulasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa secara umum fenomena penuaan petani dan berkurangnya petani muda di Indonesia semakin meningkat. Kondisi seperti ini bukan hanya terjadi di Indonesia, namun juga di negara-negara lain di Asia, Eropa, dan Amerika.  Berbagai faktor penyebab menurunnya minat tenaga kerja muda di sektor pertanian, di antaranya citra sektor pertanian yang kurang bergengsi, berisiko tinggi, kurang memberikan jaminan tingkat, stabilitas, dan kontinyuitas pendapatan; rata-rata penguasaan lahan sempit; diversifikasi usaha nonpertanian dan industri pertanian di desa kurang/tidak berkembang; suksesi pengelolaan usaha tani rendah; belum ada kebijakan insentif khusus untuk petani muda/pemula; dan berubahnya cara pandang pemuda di era postmodern seperti sekarang. Strategi yang perlu dilakukan untuk menarik minat pemuda bekerja di pertanian antara lain mengubah persepsi generasi muda bahwa sektor pertanian merupakan sektor yang menarik dan menjanjikan apabila dikelola dengan tekun dan sungguh-sungguh, pengembangan agroindustri, inovasi teknologi,  pemberian insentif khusus kepada petani muda, pengembangan pertanian modern, pelatihan dan pemberdayaan petani muda, serta memperkenalkan pertanian kepada generasi muda sejak dini.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF FARMER’S FARMS: CASE STUDY OF LITHUANIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgita ZALECKIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Family Farm ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Significant Factors

Due to historical circumstances, the development of Lithuanian commercial farmer’s farms is slow; however, farmer’s farms are very important to the vitality of rural areas while developing agricultural commodities and goods. The purpose of this article – to analyze the structural changes in farmer’s farms and present the directions of future development. Structural changes in Lithuanian farmer’s farms during the 2005 – 2015 timeframe were analyzed while looking at the diagnostic indicators, which are the following: the number of farmer’s farms, the structure of farmer’s farms according to their size, the activity units of farmer’s farms, age of farmers, farmer’s farms sources of income. In order to study the statistical data, methods of systemization, logical analysis and generalization were applied. The analysis of the statistical data suggests that the following structural changes are taking place in Lithuanian farmer’s farms: the number of registered farmer’s farms increases and the farmers’ are getting younger. One of the most significant factors causing the structural changes in holdings – the EU financial support for the agricultural development and the changing customer demands. More and more often rural areas perform residential function and new living areas are developed. There is a predominance of the small farms (up to 10 hectares). This is mainly a result of the reform in agricultural sector at the end of 20th century. Many small agricultural holdings were established due to this reform. However, significant changes occur while choosing and/or combining the activity units of the farm: the number of farms specializing in crops increases, the number of the holdings focusing on livestock and combined farming (crops and livestock) is declining; also, farmer’s farms with diversified income or the activity units grow in number. Limited opportunities to intensify agricultural production in small farmer’s farms caused the fact that activities or income were diversified. The model of family farm remains; however, the relation between activity and the usage of family’s labour in farm activity changes.

scholarly journals Structural changes in the agricultural sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00181
Author(s):  
Maria Tyapkina ◽  
Viktor Samaruha ◽  
Elena Ilina ◽  
Yulia Mongush
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The Government ◽  
Simplified Procedures ◽  
Collective Farms

The article aims to describe structural changes in the agrarian sector of Irkutsk region caused by the government support for small businesses, simplified procedures for farm registering, accounting for property and production results, and taxation, which contributed to the development of peasant farming. The government support is required, but it can change the structure of areas and gross grain crops since peasant farms increase quantitative indicators rather than improve quality parameters (yield, productivity). This is especially true for the animal husbandry sector. With changes in government policies and decreasing government support, it will be difficult for individual farms to exist, since they lag behind collective farms in terms of maneuverability, financial capabilities, production and credit resources, which can cause new structural changes in a benefit for agricultural holdings. The government policy aimed at preserving the traditional way of life of the rural population should stimulate both the development of rural areas and agricultural production, and prevent the disintegration of collective farms that have competitive advantages

scholarly journals PERAN PROGRAM PENGEMBANGAN USAHA AGRIBISNIS PERDESAAN (PUAP) TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI DI DESA POLAGAN, KECAMATAN GALIS, KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-167
Author(s):  
Siti Ienas Maulidia ◽  
Herry Yulistiyono
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Distribution Process ◽  
The Government

The agricultural sector is still experiencing structural changes that are not balanced. To overcome this, the Government through the Department of Agriculture issued a policy in an effort to empower the community in the form of PUAP's Direct Community Assistance (BLM) facilitation program. The purpose of the study was to analyze the role of the Rural Agribusiness Development Program (PUAP) on the welfare of farmers in Polagan Village, Galis District, Pamekasan Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data collection methods using interviews, observation, and documentation. Descriptive analysis model analysis technique with data validity test is done by using triangulation of data sources. The results showed that the implementation of the Agribusiness Business Development program in Polagan Village, Galis Subdistrict, Pamekasan Regency was good because the distribution process to farmers was in accordance with procedures so that farmers could be used for capital to develop farming. The level of welfare of farmers in Polagan Village, Galis District, Pamekasan Regency as a whole is still low. the role of the Rural Agribusiness Development Program (PUAP) on the welfare of farmers in Polagan Village, Galis District, Pamekasan Regency has not been maximized in terms of targets, techniques, and objectives. Recommendations are that the PUAP program should not only be in the form of agricultural capital loans but through other new innovations. Like the provision of subsidized fertilizer.

scholarly journals The Role of Government in Agricultural and Rural Development: Review of Agricultural Policies in Ukraine after Independence with a Look at the EU and South Korea Experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-145
Author(s):  
Stanislav Rieznik ◽  
Lee Hwan Beom
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Government

Support for prime agricultural producers in Ukraine has been characterized by high volatility in the last decade, and some recent policy developments have contributed to the volatility and unpredictability. Until recently, the government support for agricultural holdings led to an increase in the export potential of the sector, but, on the other hand, it also brought a number of negative consequences. This study aims at reviewing of the present status of Ukraine's agricultural sector and rural areas and examines the role of the government intervention and support in the transformation of the agricultural sector and its effect on rural development to provide policy recommendations in this regard. Based on the analysis, the study provides policy recommendations suggesting that government need to promote cooperation of small farms and households (helping them to develop in organic agriculture direction) with agricultural holding companies and emphasizes that development of rural non-farm employment opportunities can be seen as a pillar of the rural development policy. In addition, it is necessary to foster organic agricultural development and provide local governments with greater authority in order to achieve sustainable agricultural sector and rural areas development.

scholarly journals PROGRESSIVE FARMERS AS CATALYSTS FOR REGENERATION IN RURAL AREAS THROUGH FARMER TO FARMER EXTENSION APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoyon Haryanto ◽  
Oeng Anwarudin ◽  
Wiwik Yuniarti
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Good Communication ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Informal Leaders ◽  
The Government

Progressive farmers that are labeled as self-help extension workers may play an active role, have control over their own community, take a role in society and be more involved in agricultural development. The results of this study show that currently, the capacity of progressive farmers as self-help extension workers, especially in terms of technical matters, is good enough. Therefore, they have the potential to develop their communities and the opportunity to become independent and equal partners with the government extension workers, not as “government extension assistants” like the current stigma. One of the solutions of compiling a road map for the development of young agropreneurs, is by optimizing the role of progressive farmers as selfhelp extension workers in encouraging the acceleration of farmer’s regeneration. It has been proven that progressive farmers as self-help extension workers have good communication skills in providing examples and encouraging young farmers to love jobs in the agricultural sector therefore, eroding the bad perception of working in the agricultural sector. In addition, they have good capacity potential in empowering fellow farmers. This is identified from their ability as self-help extension workers in terms of technical assistance, disseminating innovations according to farmers’ needs, providing training to partner farmers, becoming informal leaders and maintaining local wisdom.

Human potential in the system of social and economic development: problems and prospects of Vinnytsia region

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Olesya Tomchuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Social And Economic Development

The article highlights the problems and prospects of human development, which is the basis for the long-term strategies of social and economic growth of different countries and regions at the present stage. Submitting strategies of this type provides an opportunity to focus on individual empowerment and to build a favorable environment for effective management decisions in the field of forming, maintaining, and restoring human potential. The analysis of the Vinnytsia region human potential dynamics in the regional system of social and economic development factors was carried out. Application of generalized assessment of the regional human development index components allowed the identification of the main trends that characterize the formation of human potential of the territory, including the reproduction of the population, social environment, comfort and quality of life, well-being, decent work, and education. The article emphasizes that despite some positive changes in the social and economic situation of the region and in assessing the parameters of its human development level relative to other regions of Ukraine, Vinnytsia region is now losing its human potential due to negative demographic situation and migration to other regions and countries. The main reason for such dynamics is proven to be related to the outdated structure of the region's economy, the predominance of the agricultural sector, the lack of progressive transformations in the development of high-tech fields of the economy. An important factor is the low level of urbanization of the region, which leads to the spread of less attractive working conditions and less comfortable living conditions. The key factors that cause the growth of urbanization in the region have been identified, including the significant positive impact of the transport and social infrastructure expansion, the lack of which in rural areas leads to a decrease in the level and comfort of life. Without progressive structural changes in the economy and the resettlement system, the loss of human potential will continue.

Analytical support of the main trends in the development of the livestock industry

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
Elena Kostyukova ◽  
Alexander Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Agricultural Economics ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Livestock Industry ◽  
Domestic Livestock ◽  
Livestock Products

Agriculture is the most important area of economic activity for the production of products and services in order to provide the population with quality food, industry with raw materials and promote sustainable development of rural areas. In recent years, there has been a downward trend in the rate of agricultural development, which is lagging behind the growth rate of the Russian economy as a whole. Structural changes in the agro-industrial complex have not produced significant positive results, which is caused by a number of reasons. One of the directions of agricultural policy in Russia is the accelerated development of animal husbandry and increasing the competitiveness of domestic livestock products in the domestic market. The state program for the development of agriculture and regulation of markets for agricultural products, raw materials and food provides for a set of measures for the priority development of animal husbandry. Implementation of these measures requires improved management in order to increase the efficiency of livestock production. The article considers aspects of the formation of accounting and analytical support for management of the livestock industry, economic and statistical analysis of trends and structural changes in the livestock industry. The best practices of Russian scientists in the field of accounting and agricultural Economics are summarized

scholarly journals CONDITION AND MAIN DIRECTIONS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT IN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY OF RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Петр Акмаров ◽  
Petr Akmarov ◽  
Миршарип Газетдинов ◽  
Mirsharip Gazetdinov ◽  
Ольга Князева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Government

The description of the main characteristics of the modern stage of development of information technology and global trends in digitalization is given. A brief information is given on the state of informatization in Russia as a whole, as well as in the country’s agriculture. A comparative analysis of the level of digitalization in rural areas and urban districts is given, the main reasons for the differences are highlighted. The necessity of information technologies development in the agricultural sector of the economy, as a factor in ensuring the country’s food security and a factor in the competitiveness of domestic agricultural products, is substantiated. The features of intellectual agriculture, its benefits for producers and for the population are shown. The dynamics of innovative technologies development is given based on the digital economy in recent years with the release of lagging branches of the agro-industrial complex. The regional differentiation of digitalization of the economy among the population is shown, the interrelation of the informatization level of the population with the development of innovative technologies in the economy of the region is shown. Using the example of cellular communication development, the convergence of digitalization level in cities and villages of the country has been proved. The main problems hindering the information technologies development in agriculture and new solutions adopted at the level of the President and the Government of Russia on the development of informatization are highlighted. The most promising areas of agricultural transformation are shown, focused on the digitization of various aspects of the industry and infrastructure production and sales.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DETERMINAN PENDAPATAN PEKERJA MISKIN DI PROVINSI ACEH TAHUN 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-235
Author(s):  
Rudi Hermanto ◽  
Teuku Zulham ◽  
Chenny Seftarita
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Working Poor ◽  
Classification Analysis ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Multiple Classification Analysis ◽  
Multiple Classification

The purpose of this study is to see how the demographic characteristics of the working poor in The Province of Aceh and analyze the factors that determines the income of the working poor as well as the influence of each of these factors. The data used is the data of the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas) in 2015 using the model of Multiple Classification Analysis (MCA). Descriptive analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between income and each independent variable gender, region of residence, marital status, age, education level, field of business, sector employment and working hours. MCA results indicate that the independent variables simultaneously significant effect on income. From 8 demographic variables studied, the undertaking of independent variables, sex, age and level of education have a considerable effect on the incomes of the working poor. In an effort to alleviate the working poor, it takes real action especially the improvement of education and vocational training, the development of the agricultural sector, increased investment in potential rural areas, and the development of informal sector.Penelitian ini bertujuan ingin melihat bagaimana karakteristik demografi dari pekerja miskin di Provinsi Aceh dan menganalisis faktor-faktor apa yang menjadi penentu pendapatan dari pekerja miskin serta besar pengaruh dari masing-masing faktor tersebut. Data yang digunakan adalah data hasil Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) 2015 dengan menggunakan model Multiple Classification Analysis (MCA). Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pendapatan dan masing-masing variabel bebas jenis kelamin, wilayah tempat tinggal, status perkawinan, umur, tingkat pendidikan, lapangan usaha, sektor pekerjaan, dan jam kerja. Hasil MCA menunjukkan bahwa variabel bebas secara simultan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pendapatan. Dari 8 variabel demografi yang diteliti, variabel bebas lapangan usaha, jenis kelamin, umur dan tingkat pendidikan mempunyai pengaruh yang besar terhadap pendapatan pekerja miskin. Dalam upaya pengentasan pekerja miskin, maka dibutuhkan tindakan nyata terutama peningkatan pendidikan dan pelatihan kerja, pengembangan sektor pertanian, peningkatan investasi di daerah perdesaan yang potensial, serta pengembangan sektor informal.

Retrospective of Economic and Trade Policies Focused on Agricultural Development

2018 ◽  
pp. 177-195
Author(s):  
Khatai Aliyev ◽  
Ilkin Gasimov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Oil Boom ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
Boom Period

The importance of the agricultural sector in the economy of Azerbaijan is high. This sector has always been at the center of economic reforms by the government. This chapter overviews economic and trade policies of the government focused on the development of agricultural production since 1991. Authors carry out analysis of policy changes during separate development stages. The research output presents agricultural policy before the oil boom as mainly devoted to achieving structural transformation from centrally planned economy to the market environment. Within the oil boom period, the government provided substantial fiscal and technical support to the agricultural sector as well as applied tax incentives to farmers but did not pay attention to the transformation from family farming to medium and large-scale production. However, fiscal and macroeconomic challenges of post-oil boom period forced the government to focus on increasing efficiency of the subsidies and incentives and implementation of further agricultural reforms.

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