ICONOLOGICAL METHOD IN SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF ARTWORKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
А. А. Gruzdev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Art Criticism ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
Erwin Panofsky ◽  
Symbolic Content ◽  
Structural Mechanisms ◽  
First Time

The history of art is marked by many experiments in expanding and contrasting different methods and concepts. Nevertheless, in recent years there have been increasing attempts to draw parallels between iconology and semiotics. Of particular interest is the so-called Erwin Panofsky method, which forms the basis of modern iconology. The article discusses various aspects of the use of the iconological method in connection with the semiotic analysis of artistic works. Both general questions of the formation of iconology and special questions of its application and synthesis in the context of semiotic analysis are highlighted. A brief overview of the main iconological principles in revealing the figurative and symbolic content of the work is given, and the main features of the structural mechanisms underlying the semiotic approach are summarized. The scientific novelty of the work is determined primarily by the fact that for the first time the peculiarities of the application of the iconological method as one of the tools of semiotic analysis are investigated. Semiotics and iconology have a wide range of application in the study of culture-specific relations, since in contemporary art criticism, there is a great scientific interest in understanding the artwork as a carrier of national-cultural information. All this increases the methodological possibilities for studying the artwork, and thus expands the boundaries of the historical study of fine art.

Rebels, Believers, Survivors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel Malcolm
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Napoleonic Wars ◽  
Conversion To Islam ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
External Powers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Modern Myth

This book of essays covers a wide range of topics in the history of Albania and Kosovo. Many of the essays illuminate connections between the Albanian lands and external powers and interests, whether political, military, diplomatic or religious. Such topics include the Habsburg invasion of Kosovo in 1689, the manoeuvrings of Britain and France towards the Albanian lands during the Napoleonic Wars, the British interest in those lands in the late nineteenth century, and the Balkan War of 1912. On the religious side, essays examine ‘crypto-Christianity’ in Kosovo during the Ottoman period, the stories of conversion to Islam revealed by Inquisition records, the first theological treatise written in Albanian (1685), and the work of the ‘Apostolic Delegate’ who reformed the Catholic Church in early twentieth-century Albania. Some essays bring to life ordinary individuals hitherto unknown to history: women hauled before the Inquisition, for example, or the author of the first Albanian autobiography. The longest essay, on Ali Pasha, tells for the first time the full story of the role he played in the international politics of the Napoleonic Wars. Some of these studies have been printed before (several in hard-to-find publications, and one only in Albanian), but the greater part of this book appears here for the first time. This is not only a contribution to Albanian and Balkan history it also engages with many broader issues, including religious conversion, methods of enslavement within the Ottoman Empire, and the nature of modern myth-making about national identity.

Ivan Kavaleridze`s dramaturgy on the Sumy stage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.V. Budianskyi
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Musical Comedy ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Socialist Realist ◽  
History Of ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Old Men ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

The characteristic features of I. Kavaleridze’s drama is considered in the article. It is noted that there are signs of the artist’s individuality, attraction to expressionist forms, artistic techniques characteristic for the art of sculpture: symbolism, monumentality, hyperbole. I. Kavaleridze was well versed in the drama laws, understood the specifics of the stage events construction, had a large arsenal of literary means, thanks to which the characters’ monologues and dialogues were extremely expressive and colorful. In his work, he implemented original solutions that were ahead of time. Therefore, many of the artist’s ideas and achievements received due recognition only after his death. I. Kavaleridze’s creative heritage covers a wide range of both purely artistic and general philosophical problems. Among them the formation of the era of modernism and its features in the Ukrainian art of the early XX century, the impact of revolutionary ideas on the work of the 1920s, the role of spiritual leaders of the Ukrainian people T. Shevchenko and G. Skovoroda in the formation of national consciousness, political and ideological pressure on figurative art language and the formation of a socialist-realist canon, etc. The analysis of the productions of I. Kavalerizde’s plays “The First Furrow” and “Gregory and Paraskeva” on the stage of the Mykhailo Shchepkin Sumy Theater of Drama and Musical Comedy in 1970-1972. The article notes that these plays were staged in Sumy for the first time in the history of Ukrainian theater. The premiere of “The First Furrow” (the play was called “Old Men”) took place on March 19, 1970. The figure of the national genius Hryhoriy Skov oroda was als o embodied for the first time on t he stage in Sumy in th e play “Hryhoriy and Paraskeva”. It premiered on October 21, 1972. I. Rybchynsky, Honored Artist of the USSR, performed the production. Creating generalized historical outlines of people’s life, features of life at that time, depicting psychological portraits of people in various, sometimes-dramatic collisions, in the productions of I. Kavaleridze’s plays on the Sumy stage the emphasis was on universal values such as virtue, love. The main character was the Ukrainian people, who nurtured such large-scale historical figures, gave them strength and wisdom for great achievements. Based on publications in periodicals of that time, memoirs of Ukrainian directors, the peculiarities of the director’s interpretation, stenographic and musical design of these plays on the Sumy stage are considered. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of acting works in I. Kavaleridze’s plays. In particular, the peculiarities of the actor’s embodiment of the image of the national genius Hryhoriy Skovoroda on the stage are presented. It is noted that I. Kavaleridze’s plays, created in a difficult political, social and ideological context, are rightly considered to be highly artistic works of Ukrainian drama. Their staging was carried out on various theatrical stages, including Mykhailo Shchepkin Sumy Theater of Drama and Musical Comedy is an important page of national theatrical art.

scholarly journals Organization of Medical Care for Prisoners of Tobolsk Prison Castle: End of XVIII — First Half of XIX Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 327-343
Author(s):  
N. I. Zagorodnyuk
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Material Base ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Private Charity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
First Time

The article examines the initial period of the formation of penitentiary medicine on the example of the prison hospital of the Tobolsk prison castle (ostrog). The article is the first work on the history of penitentiary medicine in the Tobolsk province. The study was based on a wide range of sources, the most significant are documents from central and regional archives, introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. In the first half of the XIX century. The legal framework of penitentiary medicine is being formed, the execution of legislative and subordinate acts can be traced in the activities of the prison administration, its interaction with the West Siberian Governor-General, civil governors, and state institutions. Attention is drawn to the peculiarities of the organization of medical care for prisoners. The development of the hospital’s material base depended not only on the amount of state funds allocated, but to a greater extent on the contributions of the charitable foundation of the provincial prison trust committee, as well as private charity. The management of the hospital was carried out by doctors of the civil medical service, only in 1854, by the decision of the Governing Senate, the position of a doctor was introduced into the prison staff. The causes of morbidity and mortality of prisoners are analyzed, the sacrificial feat of prison doctors during the cholera epidemic of 1848 is noted.

Literary Heritage. Vol. 112 (Books 1–2) Andrey Bely. History of the Formation of a Self-Conscious Soul. Book 1

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
World Culture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Andrey Bely ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

Volume 112 of Literary Heritage contains Andrey Bely’s fundamental two-volume treatise History of the Formation of a Self-Conscious Soul (1926–1931), the main, summary work of his life, published in its entirety on the basis of the author’s autographs for the first time. It presents the symbolist writer as an original philosopher, an outstanding historian and cultural critic. In it Bely explores the laws of human development, starting with the appearance of Christianity and ending with the XX century, the era of symbolism and anthroposophy. The unique set of related materials is published for the first time: the draft of the treatise, fragments of the first edition, explanatory notes by Andrey Bely himself and his widow K.N. Bugayeva. For the first time, drawings, diagrams and accompanying posters are reproduced that clarify the author’s idea of History of the Formation of a Self-Conscious Soul. The publication is provided with essential detailed scholarly commentary, an introduction and afterword, indexes of names and illustrations. The book is intended for philologists, historians, philosophers; for researchers, postgraduates, students and a wide range of readers interested in the history of world culture and civilization.

scholarly journals Persons in Linguistics of the Ural-Volga Region: Halil Açıköz

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Feride Insanovna Tagirova
Keyword(s):  
Volga Region ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Classical Poetry ◽  
Wide Circle ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

The work is devoted to the description of the life of the Turkish linguist H. Çıkgöz. For the first time in the history of Turkish science his scientific interests were directed to the Finno-Ugric peoples of the Ural-Volga region of Russia – the Mari and Udmurts. Methods. The work is written in the genre of an essay, many episodes of which are due to the author’s memories of the scientist. Results. The presented material can be used in the compilation of bio-bibliographic indexes and databases in the field of the study of the Turkic and Finno-Ugric languages of the Ural-Volga region. Discussion. As a scientist H. Açıkgöz had a wide range of scientific interests and systemic knowledge in various fields: in the field of modern linguistics and written monuments, medieval classical poetry and art in general. In Turkey he was a lecturer at Istanbul University, known as a philologist in his true sense. In Tatarstan he was known as a Türkologist, but few had any idea of the true scope of his scientific interests. In Mari El and Udmurtia they did not have time to recognize him, with the exception of a narrow circle of scientists. This work is useful in that it sheds light on his activities in the field of Finno-Ugric studies, which still remain in the shadows. A wide circle of scholars, both in Russia and abroad, still do not know that H. Açıkgöz was engaged in theoretical and practical study of the Finno-Ugric languages, compilation of the Mari-Turkish dictionary and translation of the dictionary of Tatar and Bashkir borrowings in the Mari language of N.I. Isanbaev.

scholarly journals Fashion parades – for men only: Multiple tailor Hepworths, designer Hardy Amies and the marketing of men’s suits in Britain in the 1960s

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-178
Author(s):  
Danielle Sprecher
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Design Collaboration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Object Studies ◽  
High Street ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Oral History Interviews ◽  
First Time ◽  
Second World

This article will examine the use of male fashion shows as a marketing and promotional tool by British high street multiple tailor Hepworths in the 1960s as part of their design collaboration with women’s fashion designer and couturier Hardy Amies. The partnership successfully brought the concept of the branded designer label to British men for the first time and was a major initiative for the menswear industry as it highlighted and consolidated a design ethos which strongly emphasized men’s fashion. Drawing on a wide range of primary source material including oral history interviews with two male models who worked for Hepworths and Amies; object studies of surviving garments; and film and images of the shows, this article will explore the significant and innovative approach to selling men’s fashionable tailoring taken by this mid-market menswear company. It also provides a broader understanding of the history of men’s fashion during this period, a narrative which is dominated by the concept of the peacock revolution, by demonstrating Hepworths’ important contribution to everyday men’s fashion in post-Second World War Britain.

scholarly journals The historical figure of Ignaсy Jan Paderewski through the prism of synthesis of artistic and political activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Astalosh
Keyword(s):  
Life Story ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Historical Figure ◽  
Theoretical Generalization ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

The purpose of the article is to reveal the role of I. J. Paderewski in realization the patriotic ideas of Poland's independence through the prism of synthesis of creative and political activity. In accordance with the goal the following tasks were set: to consider the figure's biography in interaction aspect of the basic spheres of functioning; determine the personal prerequisites for national ideas formation; to reveal the practical implementation of life credo; to characterize the historical, social and cultural, artistic contribution. Methodology. In course of the research the following methods were used to reveal the presented problems: historical (study of the life story), source studies (elaboration of existing scientific works on related issues), analytical and structural-logical (coverage of the chronological aspect of the problem, understanding the specifics of activities), method of theoretical generalization (to summarize). The scientific novelty. For the first time in the history of Ukrainian scientific thought the figure of І. J. Paderewski was considered as a complex phenomenon of the interaction of human's radically different spheres of activity. Conclusions. The personality of pianists, public figures, orators, politicians, and philanthropists became a main in both the musical and political life of Poland in the late XIX - early XX century. Thanks to his incredible musical talent and rich concert practice, he brought the problem of Polish national identity to the world level and enlisted the support of the most influential circles in matters of statehood. Paderewski’s phenomenon is in his indomitable spirit, faith in the independence of his country, efficiency in all spheres of his life, in the complex unity of poetic art and prudent politics. In the European cultural heritage, this is a unique case of coexistence of contrasting human activities, their mutual functioning in achieving the existential credo of an outstanding person. Keywords: І. J. Paderewski, political activity, patriotic ideas, artistic heritage.

scholarly journals On the history of studying proverbs in the Swahili language

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 174-180
Author(s):  
Viсtoriya Sergeevna Shatokhina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Scientific Heritage ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Western European ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Russian Language

The subject of this research is the African paremiology. The object is the history of studying proverbs in the Swahili language. The author examines the chronology of studying this field of linguistics by Western European and African scholars, cites their major works, and describes the peculiarities of their scientific views. Special attention is given to the works of the founders of African paremiology, as well as the perspective of modern scholars of Tanzania and Kenya upon the scientific heritage of proverbs and sayings of the Swahili language. The article employs the theoretical research methods, namely the comparison of theoretical works in the Swahili and English languages. The analysis of a wide range of works in the Swahili language alongside the works of certain European authors, allows reconstructing the chronology of the process of studying Swahili paroemias, as well as highlighting most prominent African and European scholars in this field of linguistics. The novelty of this research lies in the fact that this topic is viewed in the domestic African Studies for the first time; foreign linguists also did not pay deliberate attention to this question. The author’s special contribution consists in translation of the previously inaccessible materials of the African and Western European into the Russian language, which helps the linguists-Africanists in their further research.

scholarly journals The Hospital Town of «the First Garden City in Russia» near Prozorovka: the History of Design and Construction (1912-1930)

2018 ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Yulia D. Starostenko
Keyword(s):  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Garden City ◽  
Stock Company ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

The article is devoted to the buildings of the hospital town an implemented fragment of one of the most famous town planning projects of early 20th century. «The first Garden City in Russia» at Prozorovka (now Kratovo), which was to include not only the hospital town, but a set of other major public buildings, was designed by civil engineer V. N. Semyonov, by order of the Board of Directors of Joint-stock company of the Moscow-Kazan Railway for this company employees. The initiator of the project was the Chairman of The Board of Directors N.K. von Meck. The article on base on a wide range of archival sources, recreates the history of designing the hospital town in 1912-1913 and contains previously unknown facts and materials. Among these materials is the original project of the hospital town (primary drawings of this project published in the article the first time) and the discussions papiers of the project in the Ministry of Railways in 1913. It also provides information about the construction process of the buildings of the hospital town in 1915-1918. For the first time on archival documents is fixed the condition of buildings at the time of completion of the first constructions phase in 1918. Special attention is paid to the hospital complex fate in 1924-1930, when the buildings were rebuilt and adapted for accommodation of the tuberculosis sanatorium of Cusstrah No. 1. The revealed papiers make it possible to understand how during completing of the buildings in the second half of the 1920s, there preserves neoclassical facades, designed by architect A.I. Tamanov (Tamanyan) in 1913.

scholarly journals Analisis Cerpen Godlob Karya Danarto Dengan Pendekatan Semiotik dalam Perspektif Kristen [A Semiotic Analysis from a Christian Perspective of Godlob, a Short Story by Danarto]

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Abednego Tri Gumono
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Literacy Teaching ◽  
Christian Perspective ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
History Of

<p>Language in a literary work facilitates authors conveying motives in their works. Through language, the authors send messages to the readers. Therefore, a literary discourse analysis with limitless meanings could reveal the author’s motives. This analysis used a semiotic approach which focuses on literacy analysis through language as a symbol. A short story called <em>Godlob</em> by Danarto has a dimension of a communal language that is immediately digestible. But it does not mean that the author’s motives can be easily grasped by the readers. This might happen because the implicit purposes lie within the uncommon language used in this short story. With that, the story contains a logical path that needs to be analyzed which prioritizes language as a symbol with certain meanings. Based on a semiotics approach, <em>Goldlob</em> addresses critical issues relating to a Christian faith -- how Jesus was killed and nailed on the cross was God’s way to cleanse the sin of man. This issue is a way to explain and share the history of Jesus’ death to save the world and becomes the truth and a Christian doctrine. A Christian literacy teaching sustains a Christian faith. </p><p>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Bahasa dalam karya sastra merupakan sarana pengarang untuk menyampaikan motif dalam karya-karyanya. Melalui bahasa, pengarang menyampaikan pesan yang ingin disampaikan kepada pembaca. Dengan itu, pengkajian sastra sebagai tanda (sign) yang memiliki kekayaan makna tersebut menjadi penting dilakukan untuk menyingkap maksud pengarang. Analisis ini menggunakan pendekatan semiotika yaitu pendekatan yang memfokuskan analisis sastra melalui bahasa sebagai tanda. Cerita pendek berjudul  Godlob karya Danarto memiliki dimensi bahasa komunal yang dapat dicerna sesekemudian mungkin. Namun bukan berarti bahwa maksud pengarang juga sedemikian cepat ditangkap oleh pembaca. Hal itu dimungkinkan karena cerita ini memiliki maksud yang tersirat dengan penggunaan bahasa tak lazim seperti yang tertuang dalam judul cerita pendek ini. Dengan itu, jalinan kisah cerita ini juga mengandung logika yang harus dikaji secara semiotika dengan mengutamakan bahasa sebagai tanda yang memiliki maksud-maksud tertentu. Berdasarkan pendekatan semiotika isi cerpen Godlob mengarahkan kepada pertanyaan kritis pokok iman Kristen yaitu apakah Yesus yang dibunuh dan  disalibkan adalah cara Tuhan menebus dosa manusia. Pertanyaan ini menjadi sarana untuk menjelaskan dan mewartakan sebuah sejarah kematian Yesus untuk menyelamatkan dosa manusia yang telah menjadi kebenaran dan dogma Kristen. Pengajaran sastra secara Kristen dapat memperkokoh iman kristiani.</p>

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