scholarly journals A new optimization-simulation model considering sustainability factors in the product design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elahe Mohagheghian ◽  
◽  
Hasan Hosseini-Nasab ◽  
Yahia Zare-Mehrjerdi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Data ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Hybrid Method ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
The World ◽  
Optimization Simulation ◽  
Optimal Values

This study aims at understanding factors of an industrial product driving the sustainability and long-term survival. On the whole, sustainability in product design is an important issue for attracting and retaining customers around the world. Based on a printer case, this study attempted to determine sustainability factors in the product design based on a hybrid method of the conjoint analysis (CA), the fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM) and the system dynamics (SD). In this approach, first, the optimal values of initial data are determined by CA. These values are entered into a FCM-SD model to evaluate the cause-and-effect relationships between factors of sustainability and long term scenarios. The results provide insights into which factors most strongly influence sustainability, namely, environmental, social, and economical factors. Hence, diverse scenarios at inter and intra-cluster levels were created to clarify the effects of variable changes on the model described.

scholarly journals Soluble E-Cadherin is an Independent Pretherapeutic Factor for Long-Term Survival in Gastric Cancer

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 2288-2293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie On-On Chan ◽  
Kent-Man Chu ◽  
Shiu-Kum Lam ◽  
Benjamin Chun-Yu Wong ◽  
Ka-Fai Kwok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Independent Factor ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mean ◽  
E Cadherin

Purpose: To evaluate whether pretherapeutic serum soluble E-cadherin is an independent factor predicting long-term survival in gastric cancer. Gastric cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world, but a satisfactory tumor marker is currently unavailable for gastric cancer. Soluble E-cadherin has recently been found to have prognostic value in gastric cancer. Patients and Methods: One hundred sixteen patients with histologically proven gastric adenocarcinoma were included in the trial. Pretherapeutic serum was collected, and soluble E-cadherin was assayed using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The patients were followed up prospectively at the outpatient clinic. Results: There were 75 men and 41 women, with a mean (± SD) age of 66 ± 14 years. Forty-eight percent of tumors were located in the gastric antrum. The median survival time was 11 months. The mean pretherapeutic value of soluble E-cadherin was 9,159 ng/mL (range, 6,002 to 10,025 ng/mL), and the mean pretherapeutic level of carcinoembryonic antigen was 11 ng/mL (range, 0.3 to 4,895 ng/mL). On multivariate analysis, soluble E-cadherin is an independent factor predicting long-term survival. Ninety percent of patients with a serum level of E-cadherin greater than 10,000 ng/mL had a survival time of less than 3 years (P = .009). Conclusion: Soluble E-cadherin is a potentially valuable pretherapeutic prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer.

scholarly journals Derailed locomotive? Petrobras investments and economic growth in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Raíssa Fernandes Yabiko ◽  
Rosemarie Bröker Bone
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The World

<p>Petrobras is the largest firm in Brazil and one of the largest in the world. Its investment plans are among the biggest in the oil and gas industry, focused in Brazil and on E&amp;P. Petrobras is responsible for a large share of gross capital formation and gross domestic product (GDP) growth in the country. The correlation between its investments and the country investment and GDP growth is above 0.8 and shows the dependency of the economy to Petrobras activity. At the same time, as a state enterprise it has been a tool of macroeconomic policy. In the 2010´s its gasoline and diesel prices were frozen to keep inflation down. The recent crisis in the company, including corruption scandals and oil price slump increased debt levels and reduced its capital expenditures. The sale of assets directive since 2016 is required to reduce its net debt. While a medium to long term survival strategy, the change in Petrobras’ investment profile may decrease the prospects of GDP growth in the Brazilian economy.</p>

Toward Responsive Corporate Governance

2016 ◽  
pp. 204-223
Author(s):  
Paul van Seters ◽  
Rob Maessen
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
The World ◽  
Ethical Perspectives

Since the early 1980s, globalisation has deeply affected the way in which corporations typically conduct their affairs. This is true not only for business organisations that are active in the OECD countries but also for those operating in the emerging markets of the less affluent parts of the world. New social and ethical perspectives have become relevant for management strategy and have highlighted the need to acknowledge the existence of stakeholders—old and new—in a way that may benefit the interests of firms as well as those of local communities and society at large. In this chapter we argue that of all possible stakeholders the ones beyond the present periphery of the firm have the most potential for its long-term survival. Responsive corporate governance, therefore, will seek to engage with stakeholders from beyond.

Simulation and Reliability Analysis of Laser-Welded Blanks after Metal Surface Finishing Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Tanmay Pandit ◽  
Ahad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Metal Finishing ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
New Process ◽  
Process Reliability

Currently there is a huge competition amongst the OEMs and manufacturers in the auto industry to reduce the weight of the car. A few design modifications or use of different size and grades of materials solves this problem greatly. This paper focuses upon the metal finishing process of Laser Welded Blanks (LWB) with simulation and reliability as well as new process development. These blanks are of same gauge-same gauge or different gauge-different gauge materials. The main aim of this process was to remove the visible portion of the weld on the blank, so that it can be used as a body-outer. A new process was developed using expert knowledge and automated machinery tools. A simulation model was developed to compare with the actual developed method and to detect the bottlenecks and optimize the process. Reliability was a major concern during laser-welded blank operations. The paper addresses prediction of the amount of material removed based on the failed parts and visibility of the weld. This approach could provide competitiveness in the weight of the car which is directly related to fuel efficient and long term survival.

The world of regional aircraft — challenges and opportunities

1994 ◽  
Vol 98 (980) ◽  
pp. 367-387
Author(s):  
P. H. Summerfield
Keyword(s):  
Government Support ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Aircraft Industry ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Air Transport Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

SummaryThe regional air transport industry is slowly emerging from the ravages of a prolonged structural recession. Long term survival in an industry which has traditionally traded in one of the world's most aggressive market places, will impose enormous demands upon everyone involved. Those regional aircraft manufacturers and operators who are brave enough to take advantage of emerging technologies, adjust to new processes and develop highlyskilled and motivated people will be best equipped to meet the global demands of the marketplace in an ever-changing world.The actions and achievements of Avro International Aerospace, a division of British Aerospace, with its Regional Avroliner family of aircraft provides an example through which to identify the key components in this process. The challenges facing the regional aircraft industry are identified, together with the resulting business opportunities and the significance of Government support, in order to draw appropriate conclusions with respect to the likely future of the industry.

Sustainability Practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-149
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Seppi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Mental Health Crisis ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainability Practices ◽  
Anxiety Depression

This study has applied stakeholder theory as a lens to focus on mitigating future health crises by learning from COVID-19, working collectively, using proven business and scientific strategies to create a cohesive pandemic mitigation plan for local and global entities. Utilizing publicly available data on the COVID-19 pandemic, a quantitative analysis was performed using Pearson's r correlation coefficient that tested for relationships between the strictness of pandemic control measures and the reported anxiety, depression, and the number of COVID-19-related deaths. The analysis results revealed that the degree of strictness of pandemic control measures suggested no relationship with the growing mental health crisis and the number of COVID-19 deaths. Therefore, it has been recommended that stakeholders of the world collectively work to proactively prepare for the future to mitigate the effects of health crises and pandemics and thereby secure a chance at long-term survival.

Caspases and apoptosis

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy S Salvesen
Keyword(s):  
Cysteine Proteases ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Mature Adult ◽  
Intracellular Signalling Pathways ◽  
Adult Cell ◽  
Caspase Family ◽  
Cell Fragments ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

The ability of metazoan cells to undergo programmed cell death is vital to both the precise development and long-term survival of the mature adult. Cell deaths that result from engagement of this programme end in apoptosis, the ordered dismantling of the cell that results in its 'silent' demise, in which packaged cell fragments are removed by phagocytosis. This co-ordinated demise is mediated by members of a family of cysteine proteases known as caspases, whose activation follows characteristic apoptotic stimuli, and whose substrates include many proteins, the limited cleavage of which causes the characteristic morphology of apoptosis. In vertebrates, a subset of caspases has evolved to participate in the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and thus members of the caspase family participate in one of two very distinct intracellular signalling pathways.

Human thymic epithelial cells maintain long-term survival of clonogenic myeloid and erythroid progenitor cells in vitro

2000 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuto Takenaka ◽  
Mine Harada ◽  
Tomoaki Fujisaki ◽  
Koji Nagafuji ◽  
Shinichi Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Thymic Epithelial Cells ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Erythroid Progenitor Cells
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