Descriptive Analysis of Factors Associated with COVID-19 (U07.1, U07.2), Viral Pneumonia (J12.8 and J12.9) and other Types of Admission Diagnosis

Introduction: A dental voucher was created to facilitate the access to oral health care, however the use of these vouchers, by students aged 7, 10 and 13 with dental caries from state schools within the geodemographic area covered by the Community Health Center Group of Western Lisbon and Oeiras, had a low uptake (23%, school year 2014/2015) The aim of this study was to examine the factors associated with this non-use.Material and Methods: A case-control study was carried out involving 270 students (135 cases and 135 controls) from 35 state schools who agreed to participate in the study. A descriptive analysis of the reasons for non-adhesion to the voucher, and a study associating the variables and the use/non-use of the dental vouchers using bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis was made adopting a significance of 0.05.Results: The main reasons for non-use (n = 135) were the use of private dentists outside the dental voucher scheme (23.7%) and forgetting to use the vouchers or exceeding the expiry date (21.5%). The main factor associated with the non-use was students having a private dentist (OR adjusted 2.004, p = 0.012; IC 95%: 1.176 – 3.413) and the main factor associated with the use was having information of dentists accepting dental vouchers (OR adjusted 0.096, p = < 0.001; IC 95%: 0.047 – 0.198).Discussion: Our findings highlight the need to improve the accessibility to dental vouchers.Conclusion: It is hoped that the identification of these factors will contribute in the planning of strategies and activities to improve the use of dental vouchers.

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Profilaxia Pré-Exposição para o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana no Currículo Médico em Portugal: Uma Análise Transversal

Acta Médica Portuguesa ◽

10.20344/amp.15446 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 35 (13) ◽

Author(s):

Francisco Duarte ◽

Nuno Rua ◽

David Gomes ◽

Vasco Ricoca Peixoto ◽

Daniela Azevedo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Online Survey ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Medical Schools ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

School Year ◽

Exposure Prophylaxis

Introduction: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has gained relevance as a method of prevention for HIV in certain people and settings. Following the publication of the guideline on PrEP prescribing in Portugal, we aimed to assess the knowledge of Portuguese Medical Students about PrEP.Material and Methods: An online survey was sent to Medical students of Portuguese Medical Schools. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the results and an analytic cross-sectional study to identify factors associated with “knowing about PrEP”, “having had one class about PrEP” and “identifying eligible groups correctly”.Results: Of the 796 students that responded to the survey, 64.6% were aware of what PrEP is. Of these, 34.44% acquired this knowledge during their training. Out of the total amount of respondents, 4.77% could identify correctly and completely the eligible groups for PrEP. As the training years went by, the probability of being aware of PrEP, having had one class about PrEP, and identifying the eligible groups correctly, increased. Of the sixth-year students, 43.48% had had one class about PrEP and among the students that were aware of PrEP, 28% identified what the eligible groups were. After adjusting for the school year, we found differences between Medical Schools regarding the outcomes. The association between the different ways of learning about PrEP and the ability to correctly identify eligible groups for PrEP was not statistically significant.Conclusion: The differences between Medical Schools could be harmonized through changes in the medical curricula that would allow this topic to be addressed more often.

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Knowledge about mammography and associated factors: population surveys with female adults and elderly

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/s1415-790x2013000400013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 930-942 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider ◽

Marui Weber Corseuil ◽

Antonio Fernando Boing ◽

Eleonora d'Orsi

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cancer Information ◽

Population Surveys ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Younger Age ◽

Adjusted Model

The purpose of this paper is to describe the knowledge about mammography and to identify associated factors in female adults and elderly. Data were obtained from two population surveys, one with female adults and another with elderly women from Florianópolis (SC) in 2009 - 2010. A descriptive analysis of the variables was carried out, the appropriate mean of responses about mammography was estimated and crude and adjusted Poisson regression was conducted to identify associated factors. Among adults, 23.1% answered all of the questions appropriately and the appropriate average responses was 7.2 (95%CI 7.1 - 7.3) in a total of 9. In the adjusted model, older age, higher education and income were associated with knowledge about mammography. For the elderly, 15.3% answered all questions appropriately and the average of appropriate responses was 6.4 (95%CI 5.2 - 6.5) and the factors associated with knowledge about mammography in the adjusted model were younger age groups, increased education and income, and identification of mammography as the main diagnostic method for breast cancer. Information about mammography can neither be transmitted in a clear way nor be easily understood; there are also demographic and socioeconomic differences concerning the knowledge about the exam.

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A methodological survey on reporting of pilot and feasibility trials for physiotherapy interventions: a study protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020580 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. e020580

Author(s):

Luiz Felicio Cadete Scola ◽

Anne M Moseley ◽

Lehana Thabane ◽

Matheus Almeida ◽

Lucíola da Cunha Menezes Costa

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Reporting Quality ◽

Estimating Equation ◽

Primary Analysis ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Ethical Approval ◽

Evidence Database ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

Full Trial ◽

Completeness Of Reporting

IntroductionPilot and feasibility trials aim to test whether a full trial can be conducted or if any procedures must be changed for the full trial. Pilot trials must be reported in a transparent, accurate and complete way. In this report, we present a protocol for a methodological survey with the following aims: (1) to determine the percentage of physiotherapy trial reports which claim to be pilot or feasibility trials that evaluate feasibility, (2) to determine the aspect of feasibility evaluated in the primary objectives of the pilot or feasibility trials, (3) to describe the completeness of reporting of abstracts and full articles of pilot or feasibility trials using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) extension to randomised pilot and feasibility trials and (4) to investigate factors associated with completeness of reporting of pilot or feasibility trials.Methods and analysisReports of randomised controlled trials indexed in the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) that claim to be pilot or feasibility trials and published in 2011–2017 will be included. Two independent reviewers will confirm eligibility and classify the aspect of feasibility being evaluated in the objectives of the included pilot or feasibility trials. Completeness of reporting of both the abstract and the full article will be evaluated using the CONSORT extension to randomised pilot and feasibility trials. The primary analysis will be a descriptive analysis about the reporting quality of abstracts and full texts of pilot and feasibility trials. We will use generalised estimating equation analysis to explore factors associated with completeness of reporting.Ethics and disseminationThe results of this study will be disseminated by presentation at conferences and will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Ethical approval is not necessary for this study.

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Factors Associated with Utilization of Complete Postnatal Care Service in Baglung Municipality, Nepal

International Journal of Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/2892751 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sita Chhetri ◽

Rajani Shah ◽

Laxmi Rajbanshi

Keyword(s):

Postnatal Care ◽

Care Service ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vital Role ◽

Postnatal Period ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neonatal Deaths ◽

Factors Associated

Background. Postnatal period is six weeks after birth. It is critical but is the most neglected period. A large proportion of maternal and neonatal deaths occur during 48 hours following childbirth. The utilization of the recommended three postnatal checkups within seven days after delivery, which plays a vital role in preventing maternal and neonatal deaths, is low in Nepal. Objective. This study is aimed at identifying the factors associated with the utilization of complete postnatal care (PNC) among mothers. Method. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 318 mothers in wards 1, 2, 3, and 4 of Baglung municipality, Nepal. Data was collected by semi-structured interviews. Descriptive analysis and comparison of characteristics of women/families with complete vs. partial postnatal checkups using multivariable logistic regression were done. Results. Among 314 respondents receiving at least one PNC, 78% had partial and 22% had complete PNC. Relatively advantaged caste/ethnicity- Brahman/Chhetri (aOR=3.18, 95% CI: 1.24-8.12) and Janajati (aOR=2.87, 95% CI: 1.09-7.53) - compared to Dalits, husbands working as a job holder in Nepal (aOR=3.49, 95% CI: 1.50-8.13), and delivery in a private hospital (aOR=11.4, 95% CI: 5.40-24.2) were associated with having complete PNC. Conclusion. Although PNC attendance at least once was high, utilization of complete PNC was low. More focus to mothers from disadvantaged caste/ethnicity, those whose husbands are in foreign employment, and improvement in quality of care in government health facilities may increase the use of complete PNC.

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Profile of Risk Factors Associated with Stillbirth at Western Regional Hospital

Medical Journal of Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences ◽

10.3126/mjpahs.v1i1.22453 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rabi Prasad Regmi ◽

Shyam Sundar Parajuly ◽

Dela Singh ◽

Nabin Shrestha ◽

Srijana Sharma

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Economic Status ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Regional Hospital ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Amniotic Fluid Index ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Western Regional

Background: Stillbirth (SB) incidents are one of the most common adverse outcomes to occur during pregnancy. Studies indicate that approximately 3.3 million stillbirths are reported annually across the developing world. Institutional registration and under reporting of still birth to an authorized centre is a common problem. Objective: The objective of this study is to find out the incidence of SB after 28 weeks gestation and to find out the associated risk factors at Western Regional Hospital of Nepal. Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional study carried out at Western Regional Hospital. Stillbirth babies born after 28 weeks of gestation or birth weight ≥ 1 kilogram and their mothers were recruited for the study. Intrapartum stillbirths were included despite of their ages, races or socio-economic status. Descriptive analysis was done on the data. Results: There were 3380 deliveries during the period of study. Among them, 50 cases were stillborn babies with a rate of 14 per thousand deliveries. The major risk factors associated were oligohydramnios, decreased fetal movement, growth restriction, meconium stained liquor and cord prolapse. Conclusion: Oligohydramnios (amniotic fluid index < 5cm) was the most common risk factor for stillbirth. Early identification and appropriate perinatal management could help to promote perinatal health.

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The Grand National: a review of factors associated with non-completion and horse-falls, 1990 to 2012

Comparative Exercise Physiology ◽

10.3920/cep13013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (3-4) ◽

pp. 131-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J.M. Williams ◽

D.M. Marlin ◽

N. Langley ◽

T.D. Parkin ◽

H. Randle

Keyword(s):

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Model Building ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Ratio Test ◽

Public Attention ◽

Chi Square ◽

Related Factors ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Equine Welfare

The Grand National (GN) attracts high profile press and subsequent public attention. This study aimed to establish if factors influential to non-completion, horse-falls and specific fence risk in the GN supported the measures implemented by the British Horseracing Authority (BHA) to improve equine welfare in the GN. Horse, jockey, trainer and race related factors associated with non-completion, horse-falls and horse-falls at specific fences of the GN were collated over a 22 year period from 1990 to 2012. Descriptive analysis calculated non-completion rates per year, according to age and reason for non-completion. The distribution of fallers during the race in relation to fence number, design and key feature fences were also determined. Univariable analysis informed multivariable model building to identify factors associated with non-completion (n=840) and horse-falls (n=514) in the GN. Two final logistic regression models were refined through a backward stepwise process with variables retained if likelihood ratio test P-values were <0.05. Chi-square goodness of fit analyses evaluated fall risk at fence level. During the period investigated 347 horses completed the GN; the probability of a horse falling in the race was 0.24. The first fence, Becher's brook and drop fences increased the risk of falling compared to plain fences. Good-soft going increased the number of horses that completed the race and reduced the number of fallers suggesting this is the optimal ground condition for the race. GNs run at a faster than average speed increased the risk of horses not completing and falling. Inexperienced horses and jockeys show a greater risk of not completing and falling. Our work supports BHA measures implemented to improve safety in the GN; controlling speed, modifying fence design, promoting race experience and ground maintenance to produce good-soft going can increase completions and reduce falls, therefore enhancing equine welfare.

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Initial Drug Regimen for Active Tuberculosis Cases in Montreal, 1995-1998

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/2001/758483 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 89-92

Author(s):

Paul Rivest ◽

Terry N Tannenbaum

Keyword(s):

Outcome Measure ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Drug Regimen ◽

Initial Therapy ◽

Active Tuberculosis ◽

Country Of Birth ◽

Foreign Born ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Study Population ◽

Initial Drug

OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the proportion of tuberculosis (TB) cases initially treated with the recommended four-drug regimen of isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF), pyrazinamide (PZA) and ethambutol (EMB) or streptomycin; and to identify factors associated with the choice of initial therapy.DESIGN:Descriptive analysis of surveillance data obtained by TB case notifications from physicians and microbiology laboratories.SETTING:The island of Montreal (with a population of 1,854,435 people).STUDY POPULATION:All TB cases reported between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 1998.OUTCOME MEASURE:The proportion of TB cases initially treated with a four-drug regimen by sex, age, country of birth, site of disease and year of reporting.MAIN RESULTS:Seven hundred forty-one cases were reported during the study period. Among the 687 analyzed cases, 406 (59.1%) received the recommended initial four-drug regimen (INH-RIF-PZA-EMB), 187 (27.2%) received an INH-RIF-PZA regimen, 61 (8.9%) received an INH-RIF-EMB regimen and 33 (4.8%) received an INH-RIF regimen only. In a logistical regression model, a four-drug regimen was significantly associated with respiratory disease (odds ratio [OR] 4.48; 95% CI 3.15 to 6.39), age younger than 65 years (OR 2.32; 95% CI 1.55 to 3.45), being foreign-born (OR 1.62; 95% CI 1.06 to 2.48) and later year of reporting (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.47).CONCLUSIONS:The proportion of TB cases initially treated with a four-drug regimen has increased steadily since 1995, reaching 65% in 1998. However, given the rate of INH resistance in Montreal, efforts to promote the use of the initial four-drug regimen must continue.

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Are Canadian youth still exposed to second-hand smoke in homes and in cars?

Chronic Diseases and Injuries in Canada ◽

10.24095/hpcdp.34.2/3.06 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 34 (2/3) ◽

pp. 113-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A Barisic ◽

ST Leatherdale ◽

R Burkhalter ◽

M Math ◽

R Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Daily Basis ◽

Second Hand Smoke ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Youth Smoking Survey ◽

Canadian Youth ◽

Shs Exposure ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Using Data ◽

Over Time

Introduction The objective of this manuscript is to examine the prevalence of youth exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS) in homes and cars, changes in SHS exposure over time, and factors associated with beliefs youth hold regarding SHS exposure among a nationally representative sample of Canadian youth. Methods Descriptive analysis of SHS exposure in homes and cars was conducted using data from the Canadian Youth Smoking Survey (2004, 2006 and 2008). Logistic regression was conducted to examine factors associated with beliefs youth had about SHS exposure in 2008. Results In 2008, 21.5% of youth reported being exposed to SHS in their home on a daily or almost daily basis, while 27.3% reported being exposed to SHS while riding in a car at least once in the previous week. Between 2004 and 2008, the prevalence of daily SHS exposure in the home and cars decreased by 4.7% and 18.0% respectively. Conclusion Despite reductions in SHS exposure over time, a substantial number of Canadian youth continue to be exposed to SHS in homes and cars. Further effort is required to implement and evaluate policies designed to protect youth from SHS.

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Factors Associated with Free Medicine Use in Patients with Hypertension and Diabetes: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study on Full Coverage Policy for Essential Medicines in Taizhou, China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182211966 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (22) ◽

pp. 11966

Author(s):

Zhigang Guo ◽

Lin Bai ◽

Zhenhuan Luo ◽

Mengyuan Fu ◽

Liguang Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Access To Medicines ◽

Essential Medicines ◽

Local Policy ◽

Medicine Use ◽

Or Education ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Full Coverage ◽

Coverage Policy

Full coverage policies for medicines have been implemented worldwide to alleviate medicine cost burden and promote access to medicines. However, few studies have explored the factors associated with free medicine use in patients with chronic diseases. This study aimed to analyze the utilization of free medicines by patients with hypertension and diabetes after the implementation of the full coverage policy for essential medicines (FCPEM) in Taizhou, China, and to explore the factors associated with free medicine use. We conducted a descriptive analysis of characteristics of patients with and without free medicine use and performed a panel logit model to examine factors associated with free medicine use, based on an electronic health record database in Taizhou from the baseline year (12 months in priori) to three years after FCPEM implementation. After FCPEM implementation, the proportion of patients without any free medicine use decreased from 31.1% in the baseline year to 28.9% in the third year, while that of patients taking free medicines rose from 11.0% to 22.8%. Patients with lower income or education level, those with agricultural hukou, patients aged 65 and above, married patients, and patients in the Huangyan district were more likely to take free medicines. In conclusion, FCPEM contributed to improved medicine access, especially in vulnerable populations. Local policy makers should consider expanding the coverage of FCPEM to other types of medicines and cultivate the potential of social supports for patients to enhance the effectiveness of FCPEM policies.

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