Evaluation of juice purification in sugar factories

2014 ◽  
pp. 734-744
Author(s):  
Mohsen Ajdari Rad ◽  
Gilles Schrevel
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Purification System ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Optimal Ph

Despite the substantial improvement of beet quality which has been achieved, still a relatively high content of nonsugars remains in the raw juice extracted from sugar beet. New analytical methods and instrumentation have helped to better understand the various physical and chemical reactions taking place during the different steps of juice purification and so how they can be affected. Some examples of developments over the past 20 years by the R&D departments of the Südzucker Group, related to the optimization of the juice purification system, are illustrated: raw juice viscosimetry, raw juice pre-alkalization, optimal pH value of flocculation in the prelimer, optimal course of pH value in the prelimer, optimal temperature/retention time in the prelimer and main limer, optimal pH value of 1st carbonatation, milk of lime optimization system (LIMOS) to reduce limestone consumption, lime salts analyzer (LISA), optimization of decalcification, SZ/RT-juice purification system with separation of the colloid fraction after the prelimer.

scholarly journals Thermostable manganese (II) dependent α-glycosidase from Pseudothermotoga thermarum

BioResources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 7266-7274
Author(s):  
Hao Shi ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Jiannan Guo ◽  
Yang Cao ◽  
Xianyan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Recombinant Enzyme ◽  
Relative Molecular Mass ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Purification System ◽  
Optimal Ph

Alpha-glycosidase degrades polysaccharides and oligosaccharides and participates in the synthesis of oligosaccharides through a process called transglycosylation. In this study, an α-glycosidase gene pthgly from Pseudothermotoga thermarum was cloned using pET-20b as a vector and was expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3). After heat treatment and affinity chromatography, the resulting recombinant enzyme was purified. The purity of the enzyme reached a single band at a molecular weight of approximately 55 kDa. The properties of the recombinant enzyme were determined. The optimal temperature of α-glycosidase (Pthgly) was 90 °C and the optimal pH was 7.5. In addition, Pthgly exhibited good thermal stability at 70 °C and 75 °C. The relative molecular mass of the recombinant enzyme was 116 kDa, as determined by a protein purification system with a gel filtration column. Furthermore, α-glycosidase possessed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with a Km and Vmax of 0.29 ± 0.01 mmol l-1 and 22.12 ± 1.31 μmol min-1 mg-1, respectively.

Kinetic and thermodynamic study of the adsorption of calcium onto sugar beet pulp

2016 ◽  
pp. 565-570
Author(s):  
Huang Qin ◽  
Zhu Si-ming ◽  
Zeng Di ◽  
Yu Shu-juan
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Isotherm Equation ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Beet Pulp

Sugar beet pulp (SBP) was used as low value adsorbent for the removal of calcium from hard water. Batch experiments were conducted to determine the factors affecting adsorption of the process such as pH value and Ca concentration. The adsorption equilibrium of Ca2+ by the SBP is reached after 100min and a pseudo second-order kinetic model can describe the adsorption process. The initial concentrations of Ca varied from 927 to 1127mgCa2+/L. A dose of 30g/L sugar beet pulp was sufficient for the optimum removal of calcium. The overall uptake of Ca ions by sugar beet pulp has its maximum at pH=8. The adsorption equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation.

Investigation of nitrite pathways in sugar beet extraction

2014 ◽  
pp. 626-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Emerstorfer ◽  
Christer Bergwall ◽  
Walter Hein ◽  
Mats Bengtsson ◽  
John P. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Chemical Effect ◽  
Spectrophotometric Detection ◽  
Sugar Factory ◽  
Chemical Effects ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

The investigations presented in this work were carried out in order to further deepen the knowledge about nitrite pathways in the area of sugar beet extraction. The article consists of two parts with different experimental set-up: the first part focuses on laboratory trials in which the fate of nitrate and nitrite was studied in a so-called mini-fermenter. These trials were carried out using juice from the hot part of the cossette mixer of an Agrana sugar factory in Austria. In the experiments, two common sugar factory disinfectants were used in order to study microbial as well as microbial-chemical effects on nitrite formation and degradation caused by bacteria present in the juice. The trials demonstrated that the direct microbial effect (denitrification) on nitrite degradation is more pronounced than the indirect microbial-chemical effect coming from pH value decrease by these bacteria and subsequent nitrite loss. The second part describes the findings from laboratory experiments and full scale factory trials using a mobile laboratory set-up based on insulated stainless steel containers and spectrophotometric detection of nitrite in various factory juices. The trials were made at two Nordzucker factories located in Finland (factory A) and Sweden (factory B). The inhibiting effect of the two common sugar factory disinfectants on nitrite formation was evaluated in laboratory trials, whereas the full scale trials focused on one disinfectant. Other trials to evaluate potential contamination sources of thermophilic nitrite producing bacteria to the extraction system, reactivation of nitrite producing bacteria in raw juice and the effect of a pH gradient on bacterial nitrite activity in cossette mixer juice are also reported.

LBE for Generalized Hydrodynamics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sauro Succi
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Fluid Motion ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
The Past ◽  
Generalized Hydrodynamics ◽  
Internal Forces

This chapter presents the main techniques to incorporate the effects of external and/or internal forces within the LB formalism. This is a very important task, for it permits us to access a wide body of generalized hydrodynamic applications whereby fluid motion couples to a variety of additional physical aspects, such as gravitational and electric fields, potential energy interactions, chemical reactions and many others. It should be emphasized that while hosting a broader and richer phenomenology than “plain” hydrodynamics, generalized hydrodynamics still fits the hydrodynamic picture of weak departure from suitably generalized local equilibria. This class is all but an academic curiosity; for instance, it is central to the fast-growing science of Soft Matter, a scientific discipline which has received an impressive boost in the past decades, under the drive of micro- and nanotechnological developments and major strides in biology and life sciences at large.

2,2-Dialkylacetic Acids -A New Class of Naturally Occurring Lipid Constituents

1995 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gottfried Raab ◽  
Jürgen Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Relative Retention Time ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
South American ◽  
Time Data ◽  
New Class ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relative Retention ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Acetic Acids

Abstract The uropygial gland waxes of the South American red-legged Seriema (Cariama cristata (L., 1766)) were found to be composed of unbranched alcohols and 2,2′-dialkyl-substituted acetic acids which so far have not been found in skin lipids. When used as a chemosystematic character, the occurrence of this lipid class separates the order Cariamiformes (Seriemas) from all other avian orders hitherto investigated, especially from the Gruiformes (cranes and rails) to which they have been tentatively attributed in the past. From the GC retention time data now available for a series of 2-alkyl-substituted fatty acid methyl esters relative retention time indices for other compounds may be predicted.

scholarly journals Genetic and phenotypic assessment of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris) elite inbred lines selected in Japan during the past 50 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-265
Author(s):  
Kazunori Taguchi ◽  
Yosuke Kuroda ◽  
Kazuyuki Okazaki ◽  
Masanori Yamasaki
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
The Past

scholarly journals Biofilm Forming Bacteria during Thermal Water Reinjection

Geofluids ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Máté Osvald ◽  
Gergely Maróti ◽  
Bernadett Pap ◽  
János Szanyi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Geothermal Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surface System ◽  
Buffer Tank ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Phenol Index

Reinjection of heat-depleted thermal water has long been in the center of scientific interest in Hungary regarding around 1000 operating thermal wells. While the physical and chemical aspects of reinjection have partly been answered in the past years, the effects of biological processes are still less known. We carried out our investigations in the surface elements of the Hódmezővásárhely geothermal system which is one of the oldest operating geothermal systems in Hungary. About one-third of the used geothermal water has been reinjected since 1998 by two reinjection wells at the end of the thermal loops. During the operation, plugging of the surface system was experienced within a few-day-long period, due to biological processes. The goal of our research was to find the dominant species of the microbial flora and to make a proposal to avoid further bacterial problems. We found that the reinjected, therefore the produced, water’s chemical oxygen demand, phenol index, and BTEX composition basically determine the appearing flora on the surface. When the concentration of these compounds in the thermal water is significant and residence time is long enough in the buffer tank, certain bacteria can be much more dominant than others, thus able to form a biofilm which plugs the surface equipment much more than it is expected.

scholarly journals On numerical solver selection and related uncertainty terminology

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Claeys ◽  
Ann van Griensven ◽  
Lorenzo Benedetti ◽  
Bernard De Baets ◽  
Peter A. Vanrolleghem
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Uncertainty Assessment ◽  
Environmental Modelling ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Numerical Solver ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Insight Into

Mathematical models provide insight into numerous biological, physical and chemical systems. They can be used in process design, optimisation, control and decision support, as acknowledged in many different fields of scientific research. Mathematical models do not always yield reliable results and uncertainty should be taken into account. At present, it is possible to identify some factors contributing to uncertainty, and the awareness of the necessity of uncertainty assessment is rising. In the fields of Environmental Modelling and Computational Fluid Dynamics, for instance, terminology related to uncertainty exists and is generally accepted. However, the uncertainty due to the choice of the numerical solver and its settings used to compute the solution of the models did not receive much attention in the past. A motivating example on the existence and effect of numerical uncertainty is provided and clearly shows that we can no longer ignore it. This paper introduces a new terminology to support communication about uncertainty caused by numerical solvers, so that scientists become perceptive to it.

scholarly journals Extruction of keratinase from the local isolate Bacillus licheniformis and partially purified and characterized

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Rasha T. Abdullah ◽  
Abdulkareem J. Hashim ◽  
JASIM M. Karhout
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Enzyme Characterization ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Chicken Feathers ◽  
Local Isolate ◽  
Cellulose Column ◽  
Optimal Ph

The keratinase produced from local isolate Bacillus licheniformis was purified by two steps included precipitation by ammonium sulphate with 40% saturation; followed by ion exchange using CM-Cellulose column. The enzyme was purified to 12.6 times in the last step with an enzyme yield of 17%. Enzyme characterization results indicated that: The optimal pH for enzyme activity was 7.5 and it was stable at 7-9.5. The optimal temperature for enzyme activity was 50°C and it was stable for 30 min at 25-45 °C. Substrate specifity was tested using casein, Bovine serum albumin, gelatin, hooves, human hair, chicken feathers and wool; higher specifity was recorded using casein gave 0.6 unit /ml. The enzyme was inhibited by PMSF and metal ions like Hg+2, Fe+2, Cu+2 and Mn+2, and activated by Ca+2, Mg+2, Zn+2and Al+3.

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