scholarly journals Biofilm Forming Bacteria during Thermal Water Reinjection

Geofluids ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Máté Osvald ◽  
Gergely Maróti ◽  
Bernadett Pap ◽  
János Szanyi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Geothermal Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surface System ◽  
Buffer Tank ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Phenol Index

Reinjection of heat-depleted thermal water has long been in the center of scientific interest in Hungary regarding around 1000 operating thermal wells. While the physical and chemical aspects of reinjection have partly been answered in the past years, the effects of biological processes are still less known. We carried out our investigations in the surface elements of the Hódmezővásárhely geothermal system which is one of the oldest operating geothermal systems in Hungary. About one-third of the used geothermal water has been reinjected since 1998 by two reinjection wells at the end of the thermal loops. During the operation, plugging of the surface system was experienced within a few-day-long period, due to biological processes. The goal of our research was to find the dominant species of the microbial flora and to make a proposal to avoid further bacterial problems. We found that the reinjected, therefore the produced, water’s chemical oxygen demand, phenol index, and BTEX composition basically determine the appearing flora on the surface. When the concentration of these compounds in the thermal water is significant and residence time is long enough in the buffer tank, certain bacteria can be much more dominant than others, thus able to form a biofilm which plugs the surface equipment much more than it is expected.

scholarly journals CHALLENGES IN TEXTILE WASTEWATER AND CURRENT PALLIATIVE METHODS: AN OVERVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Adebayo Bello
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Textile Industries

Effluents from dye and textile industries are highly contaminated and toxic to the environment. High concentration of non-biodegradable compounds contributes to increased biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the wastewater bodies.  Dyes found in wastewater from textile industries are carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogenic. Biological processes involving certain bacteria, fungi, activated carbon and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising methods for treating the waste water. These methods are either inefficient or ineffective.  These complexities necessitates search for new approaches that will offset all the shortcomings of the present solutions to the challenges faced with textile wastewater management. This article reviews the past and recent methods used in the treatment of the textile dye wastewater and the future opportunities for efficient treatment of textiles wastewaters.

Fluorescent potentiometric dyes for membrane-potential imaging

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
Leslie M. Loew
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Excitable Systems ◽  
Major Application ◽  
The Impact

A major application of potentiometric dyes has been the multisite optical recording of electrical activity in excitable systems. After being championed by L.B. Cohen and his colleagues for the past 20 years, the impact of this technology is rapidly being felt and is spreading to an increasing number of neuroscience laboratories. A second class of experiments involves using dyes to image membrane potential distributions in single cells by digital imaging microscopy - a major focus of this lab. These studies usually do not require the temporal resolution of multisite optical recording, being primarily focussed on slow cell biological processes, and therefore can achieve much higher spatial resolution. We have developed 2 methods for quantitative imaging of membrane potential. One method uses dual wavelength imaging of membrane-staining dyes and the other uses quantitative 3D imaging of a fluorescent lipophilic cation; the dyes used in each case were synthesized for this purpose in this laboratory.

Comparison and Analysis of Computational Methods for Identifying N6 - methyladenosine Sites in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengmian Feng ◽  
Lijing Feng ◽  
Chaohui Tang
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Computational Prediction ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Precise Location ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past

Background and Purpose: N 6 -methyladenosine (m6A) plays critical roles in a broad set of biological processes. Knowledge about the precise location of m6A site in the transcriptome is vital for deciphering its biological functions. Although experimental techniques have made substantial contributions to identify m6A, they are still labor intensive and time consuming. As good complements to experimental methods, in the past few years, a series of computational approaches have been proposed to identify m6A sites. Methods: In order to facilitate researchers to select appropriate methods for identifying m6A sites, it is necessary to give a comprehensive review and comparison on existing methods. Results: Since researches on m6A in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are relatively clear, in this review, we summarized recent progresses on computational prediction of m6A sites in S. cerevisiae and assessed the performance of existing computational methods. Finally, future directions of computationally identifying m6A sites were presented. Conclusion: Taken together, we anticipate that this review will provide important guides for computational analysis of m 6A modifications.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs: Biological Regulators in Pathogen–Host Interactions

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Maia Acuña ◽  
Lucile Maria Floeter-Winter ◽  
Sandra Marcia Muxel
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biological Aspects

An inflammatory response is essential for combating invading pathogens. Several effector components, as well as immune cell populations, are involved in mounting an immune response, thereby destroying pathogenic organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. In the past decade, microRNAs (miRNAs), a group of noncoding small RNAs, have emerged as functionally significant regulatory molecules with the significant capability of fine-tuning biological processes. The important role of miRNAs in inflammation and immune responses is highlighted by studies in which the regulation of miRNAs in the host was shown to be related to infectious diseases and associated with the eradication or susceptibility of the infection. Here, we review the biological aspects of microRNAs, focusing on their roles as regulators of gene expression during pathogen–host interactions and their implications in the immune response against Leishmania, Trypanosoma, Toxoplasma, and Plasmodium infectious diseases.

scholarly journals The crucial roles of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification in the carcinogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihao Fang ◽  
Yiqiu Hu ◽  
Jinhui Hu ◽  
Yanqin Huang ◽  
Shu Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Nuclear Export ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression

AbstractAs the predominant modification in RNA, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has attracted increasing attention in the past few years since it plays vital roles in many biological processes. This chemical modification is dynamic, reversible and regulated by several methyltransferases, demethylases and proteins that recognize m6A modification. M6A modification exists in messenger RNA and affects their splicing, nuclear export, stability, decay, and translation, thereby modulating gene expression. Besides, the existence of m6A in noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) could also directly or indirectly regulated gene expression. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer around the world and of high mortality. Increasing evidence have shown that the changes of m6A level and the dysregulation of m6A regulatory proteins have been implicated in CRC carcinogenesis and progression. However, the underlying regulation laws of m6A modification to CRC remain elusive and better understanding of these mechanisms will benefit the diagnosis and therapy. In the present review, the latest studies about the dysregulation of m6A and its regulators in CRC have been summarized. We will focus on the crucial roles of m6A modification in the carcinogenesis and development of CRC. Moreover, we will also discuss the potential applications of m6A modification in CRC diagnosis and therapeutics.

Gravity and aeromagnetic modeling of alluvial basins in the southern Truckee Meadows adjacent to the Steamboat Hills geothermal area, Washoe County, Nevada

Geophysics ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. B1-B9 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Skalbeck ◽  
Robert E. Karlin ◽  
Lisa Shevenell ◽  
Michael C. Widmer
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Water ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Well Log ◽  
Geothermal Area ◽  
Geologic Structure ◽  
Log Data ◽  
Physical Density ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Washoe County ◽  
Geologic Data

The concurrent development of the Steamboat Hills geothermal area for power production and the adjacent alluvial aquifers for drinking water in Washoe County, Nevada, necessitates a good understanding of the hydrogeologic connection between these water resources. The problem is that adequate characterization of the subsurface geologic structure is not possible with existing geologic data. This need prompted us to construct a detailed 3D representation of the subsurface geologic structure based on 2.75D forward modeling of 11 gravity and aeromagnetic profiles constrained by geologic data and physical (density, magnetic susceptibility, remanent magnetic) properties. Potential-fields modeling results provided greater definition of the alluvial basins, and when combined with well-log data, yield an overall basin volume surrounding Steamboat Hills that is 64% greater than the volume derived from well-log data alone. A representation of the geothermal reservoir, consisting of altered granodiorite and metamorphic rocks, illustrates that the flow of thermal water is fault controlled. The model also suggests that thermal water may upflow along an unexplored fault flanking western Steamboat Hills. North-trending faults that conduct thermal water from the geothermal system to the alluvial aquifer appear to be zones of altered volcanics that produce subtle aeromagnetic anomalies.

High-strength wastewater treatment in a pure oxygen thermophilic process: 11-year operation and monitoring of different plant configurations

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Collivignarelli ◽  
G. Bertanza ◽  
M. Sordi ◽  
R. Pedrazzani
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Specific Biomass ◽  
Plant Monitoring ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
Biological Treatability

This research was carried out on a full-scale pure oxygen thermophilic plant, operated and monitored throughout a period of 11 years. The plant treats 60,000 t y−1 (year 2013) of high-strength industrial wastewaters deriving mainly from pharmaceuticals and detergents production and landfill leachate. Three different plant configurations were consecutively adopted: (1) biological reactor + final clarifier and sludge recirculation (2002–2005); (2) biological reactor + ultrafiltration: membrane biological reactor (MBR) (2006); and (3) MBR + nanofiltration (since 2007). Progressive plant upgrading yielded a performance improvement chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency was enhanced by 17% and 12% after the first and second plant modification, respectively. Moreover, COD abatement efficiency exhibited a greater stability, notwithstanding high variability of the influent load. In addition, the following relevant outcomes appeared from the plant monitoring (present configuration): up to 96% removal of nitrate and nitrite, due to denitrification; low-specific biomass production (0.092 kgVSS kgCODremoved−1), and biological treatability of residual COD under mesophilic conditions (BOD5/COD ratio = 0.25–0.50), thus showing the complementarity of the two biological processes.

scholarly journals The role of a chemical loop in removal of hazardous contaminants from coke oven wastewater during its treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1288-1300
Author(s):  
Anna Kwiecińska-Mydlak ◽  
Marcin Sajdak ◽  
Katarzyna Rychlewska ◽  
Jan Figa
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Coke Oven ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Coal Processing ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Iron Based

AbstractCoke oven liquor is one of the most contaminated liquid streams generated by the coal processing industry, thus its proper treatment and utilization is crucial for sustainable and environmentally neutral plant operation. The conventional wastewater treatment process comprises of chemical and biological processes. Within the current research the detailed role of chemical treatment is described. Commercially available iron-based coagulants (PIX100, PIX100COP, PIX113, PIX116) were tested to understand their removal efficiency and impact on the stream parameters. The influence of iron dose in the range of 300-500 mgFe/L on the process performance was also examined.It was found that the main role of chemical treatment was to bind toxicants harmful to activated sludge microorganisms, i.e. free and complex cyanides and sulphides. Among the tested iron-based conventional coagulants ferrous salts were more efficient than ferric salts. It was also observed that efficiency of the process strongly depended on wastewater properties (especially in regard to pH, which should be in the range of 9-10) and the coagulant selection needed to be done individually for a given wastewater type. The removal rates of particular contaminants were diversified and for free cyanides, complex cyanides and sulphides they were in the range of 23-91%, -156-77% and -357-98%, respectively. The expected, simultaneous removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) during the treatment was not observed and even the parameter value increased after the process due to probable formation of compounds less vulnerable to oxidation.

scholarly journals Limnological study of Piraquara river (Upper Iguaçu basin): spatiotemporal variation of physical and chemical variables and watershed zoning

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique C. Marques ◽  
Haydée Torres de Oliveira ◽  
Eunice da Costa Machado
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Serra Do Mar ◽  
Spatial Gradients ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Physical And Chemical Variables ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Iguaçu River

The Piraquara river basin (Upper Iguaçu River basin - Brazil) was studied as an ecological system throughout a complete seasonal cycle, comprising the rainy and dry season. Analyzes of 16 physical and chemical water variables (dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, temperature, pH, conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ortophosphates, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, reagent silicate, total suspended solids, chlorophyll - a, flow velocity and depth) showed correlations between water composition and watershed physiographic features, and the Principal Component Analysis allowed to evidence spatial gradients and seasonal differences. The sampling points were clustered in patches with homogeneous behavior, according to ecologycal concepts: patch 1, with strong influence of Serra do Mar mountains; patch 2, medium course, under Piraquara Dam influence and patch 3, under wetlands influence. Two main factors of serial discontinuity were identified: the Piraquara dam effect and the influence of wetlands. The watershed zoning based on limnological characteristics seeks to subsidize research and biomonitoring for this public springs area.

scholarly journals Multi-objective optimization of ORC geothermal conversion system integrated with life cycle assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Dominika Matuszewska ◽  
Marta Kuta ◽  
Jan Górski
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Geothermal Systems ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Conversion Technology

This paper details the development of a systematic methodology to integrated life cycle assessment (LCA) with thermo-economic models and to thereby identify the optimal exploitation schemes of geothermal resources. Overall geothermal systems consist of a superstructure of geothermal exploitable resources, a superstructure of conversion technology and multiple demand profiles for Swiss city. In this paper, an enhanced geothermal system has been chosen as exploitable resources. The energy conversion technology used in modelling is an organic Rankine cycle, which can be used to supply heat and electricity. In the Swiss case four demand profiles periods are considered: summer, interseason, winter and extreme winter, the city Nyon serving for the example case study. The multi-objective optimization system, that uses an evolutionary algorithm, is employed to determine the optimal scheme for some of the prepared models, with exergy efficiency and environmental impact as objectives.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document