scholarly journals HISTORICAL MEMORY AS A FACTOR OF NATIONAL IDENTITY FORMATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-93
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Historical Memories ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Identity Formation

The article is devoted to the problems of historical memory formation as a factor of national identity formation. Its actuality is due to the serious challenges that exist in Ukraine for the Ukrainian national identity. These challenges are due to the long-term impossibility of developing our own historical discourse, regionalization of historical memories, politicization of historical issues. The comparative and structural-functional methods have mainly been used in this research. The first one is a comparative analysis of different interpretations of historical memory and national identity. The second has been used in determining the structure of historical memory and the directions of its influence on the formation of national identity. Historical memory became the object of the author's scientific interests in 2015. A more detailed study of the impact of historical memory on national identity was carried out in 2020. The article analyzes the phenomena of national identity and historical memory, the structure and functions of historical memory, its connection with history as a science have been analyzed in this article. The most significant and relevant, according to the author, problems of formation of historical memory in modern Ukraine have also been covered: 1) time gaps and deformations of this process; 2) the long impossibility, in fact, until the end of the twentieth century, of actualization in the public consciousness of one's own historical narrative; 3) significant regional differences in historical memories that lead to horizontal gaps in historical memory; 4) mental alienation of Ukrainians from a significant part of their history. The discussion examines the critique ideas of essentialist about the nation and national identity, based on the concept of the nation as an "imagined community", reveals its theoretical shortcomings and political motivation. Arguments were also made against the call of some Ukrainian historians to abandon the national paradigm of historiography as one that allegedly leads to "provincialism" and "isolationism." The importance of historical policy or the policy of memory for post-socialist countries, the urgency of the problems of historical memory for Western countries in the context of globalization and migration challenges have been emphasized in the conclusion.

A Geopolitics of Identity: Drawing the Line Between Russia and Estonia

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Merritt
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Imagined Community ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Historical Memories ◽  
National Identity Formation

Although narratives of national identity feature territory, myths, and historical memories presumably shared by members,1 national identity formation is an ongoing process with changeable membership and boundaries.2 One of the more complex challenges to a national “imagined community” has been the significant presence in Estonia of cultural Russians3 after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, at that time one-third and now some 28% of the small country's population. The often grudging accommodation of cultural Russians by the titular nationality continues to draw attention from international organizations, scholars, and policymakers alike. Undoubtedly the commentary least welcome to Estonian governments in the last decade, however, has been the thunder of denunciation from Russia. In a great spillover from domestic concerns about Slavic identity to international relations, Estonia has been ranked as Russia's greatest enemy, and political figures across the spectrum have condemned Estonian citizenship and language policies.4

scholarly journals The Specificity of Postcolonial Text of Settler Societies in Australia and New Zealand: A Comparative Aspect

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Yulia Yu. Kravinskaya ◽  
◽  
Elena V. Polkhovskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
Settler Societies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Identity Formation ◽  
National Literatures

A brief comparative review of English-language literatures of Australia and New Zealand is given in the article. The aim of the article is to highlight the similarities and differences at the stages of the literary process development from the point of view of postcolonial studies. The historical genesis specificity of the region and the uniqueness of national identity formation at the juncture of colonial and colonized cultures stipulate the definition of Australia and New Zealand as settler societies. Tasks needed to be resolved are to disclose the notion “settler societies”, to determine common characteristics of the studied national literatures as postcolonial ones, to give their comparative outline, to make a textual analysis of a number of literary works which are indicative for each stage of the literary process development. In the course of the study, the authors refer to a comparative historical method of scientific enquiry to highlight similarities in the literary process development and the degree of influence of metropolitan literature on it. They also use a sociological method to estimate the impact of the settler societies development on the literary process and a hermeneutic interpretative method in textual analysis to interpret the transformation of a typical hero at various stages of the literary process in Australia and New Zealand. The article is divided into theoretical and practical parts. In the theoretical part, the authors define “settler societies”, overview the place of “settler” countries in the postcolonial space, and note factors allowing to review the national literatures comparatively as postcolonial ones. In the practical part, the authors characterize three stages of the literary process development observed in the national literatures of Australia and New Zealand, conduct an interpretative analysis of the works in which the prolific features of a typical hero are shown. On conducting the research the authors come to the following conclusions. The national literatures of Australia and New Zealand are under the influence of the metropolitan culture and literaturel, but the relation started to loosen at a contemporary stage of the literary process development due to the formation of the national identities of Australians and New Zealanders. The impact of colonized indigenous peoples’ cultures on the literary process defines the difference between the national literatures. For the countries, the national identity formation is characteristic in the cultural sphere, which makes the further study of identification processes presentation in literary text promising.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Fox
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Financial Returns ◽  
Self Recognition ◽  
International Audience ◽  
National Identity Formation

The conclusion reaffirms the essential role played by cinema generally, and the coming-of-age genre in particular, in the process of national identity formation, because of its effectiveness in facilitating self-recognition and self-experience through a process of triangulation made possible, for the most part, by a dialogue with some of the nation’s most iconic works of literature. This section concludes by point out the danger posed, however, by an observable trend toward generic standardization in New Zealand films motivated by a desire to appeal to an international audience out of consideration for the financial returns expected by funding bodies under current regimes.

Ciguapas in New York: Transcultural Ethnicity and Transracialization in Dominican American Performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMILIA MARÍA DURÁN-ALMARZA
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Dominican Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dominican American

The Dominican American community in New York is perhaps one of the best examples of how processes of transculturation are affecting traditional definitions of ethnic identification. Given the intense economic, social and cultural transnational exchanges between the island and the USA from the 1960s, Dominicanyorks have been challenging the illusion of homogeneity in the definition of Americanness for decades, creating transnational social networks that transcend traditional national and ethnographic boundaries. The theatrical works of Josefina Báez, a Dominican American performer living in New York, and Sherezada (Chiqui) Vicioso, a Dominican poet and playwright who lived and worked in the US metropolis for decades before moving back to the Dominican Republic, lyrically explore issues of diaspora, identity and migration and the impact these phenomena might have in the lives of migrant Dominican women. Presenting diasporic experiences from two differing but interconnected locales – New York and the Dominican Republic – these plays offer two complementary views on the ways in which ethnicity, race, social class, age and geopolitical location interact in the formation of transcultural identities, thus contributing to develop a hemispheric approach to the study of identity formation in the Americas.

War and Memory in the Napoleonic Wars

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Napoleonic Wars ◽  
The Arts ◽  
National Memory ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
Ultimate Failure ◽  
National Identity Formation

The Napoleonic Wars took place from 1802 to 1815 and fundamentally altered the political, social, cultural, and military structures of Europe and, to a lesser extent, the rest of the world. This created a collective memory that influenced, and continues to influence, the modern world in a myriad of ways. The conflicts were a continuation of the French Revolutionary Wars, which bear their own collective and historical memory. They involved nearly every power in Europe, affecting them each to varying degrees. Political and legal systems changed, both as a result of Revolutionary ideals and the introduction of the Code Napoléon. Nationalism and national identity formation accelerated during the period, often benefiting from opposition to Napoleon or the destruction of existing systems wrought by the Revolutionary spirit that French armies brought to occupied territories, spurring the creation of national memory wherever they appeared. Napoleon and his power, undeniable genius, success, and ultimate failure have proven an irresistible and enduring figure of autobiographical and biographical memory in realms as diverse as fiction, wargaming, and history, both popular and academic. The methods of his armies became the paradigm for contemporary militaries, and their legacy continues to form the bedrock of collective, institutional, and popular memory. The arts contain their own cultural memory of Napoleon, many of which remain current. Collectively, the various aspects of the cultural and historical memory of the Napoleonic Wars have become a part of many important areas of history and historiography. As a result, works on Napoleon, his empire, and the Napoleonic Wars are voluminous and grow significantly every year.

scholarly journals National Identity: Formation and Realisation Through Poetry

wisdom ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-161
Author(s):  
Tetiana URYS ◽  
Tetiana KOZAK ◽  
Svitlana BARABASH
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Effective Factor ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Creative Personality ◽  
Important Means ◽  
The Individual ◽  
National Identity Formation

National culture, especially literature, contains invaluable nation-building potential and is an effective factor in influencing the development of the national identity of the individual and the ethnic group as a whole. In the process of forming literary works, the author’s consciousness and subconscious play an im­portant role, so they are not only one of the best ways of expressing a creative personality and a form of its reaction to events occurring in the outside world, but also one of the most important means of forming the national identity of the recipients. Therefore, such a literary work contains a modus of national identity. The main content of this concept in the literature is revealed in the article. Its theoretical components and their functional aspects in the text are defined and analysed. The modus of national identity is formulated as a way of realising the identity of one with his nation through certain aesthetic elements and structures at all levels of literary work as an artistic system. Such element-dominants are motives, artistic imagery, lyrical character as the main expression of the author’s thoughts, as well as archetypes, symbols and place names.

HUMANITIES EDUCATION AND MILITARY AFFAIRS IN MODERN SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE

2019 ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
V. Aleschenko
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Education System ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
New Type

The article deals with the human education problems, its role and significance for the national identity formation in the context of modern scientific discourse. The basic principles of humanitarian education and its key aspects are covered. It is emphasized that the issues of formation of outlook, Ukrainian identity, civic position, military culture are among the most urgent problems of revival and development of the Ukrainian army. It is determined that humanitarian knowledge is an important component of the higher education system and allows the formation of a person, a citizen and a patriot, not a narrowly trained professional. The role of the humanitarian component in higher education institutions is to call upon not only the transfer of scientific knowledge to the students, but also to form their value orientations and to increase the level of culture. In this context, sound thinking requires calling for the humanitarian component of education as an important factor in social change. There is a discrepancy between the amount of humanitarian knowledge (disciplines) and the possibility of their assimilation within the allotted time; formation of various humanitarian pedagogical practices; continuing to reproduce traditional forms of teaching that have largely exhausted themselves; the humanitarian component of education is poorly responsive to the problems and demands of the present. The terms “hardskills” and “softskills” are described as the core competencies that shape higher education institutions. It is determined that one of the important tasks of today is to train specialists of the new type who have key competences formed at a high level; capable of continuous updating and updating of knowledge; have a good command of foreign languages at a level sufficient for the implementation of quality professional foreign language communication. Modern modular educational technologies should be oriented to the new system of knowledge and will allow their updating and renewal in the conditions of continuous education throughout the officer's service. It is emphasized that the development of a humanistic strategy in military affairs is of great importance in creating a unified space of historical memory and shaping national identity - increasing the teaching of humanitarian disciplines in higher education institutions of the defense forces aimed at training the new type of specialists who have the key competencies of an officer-leader, patriot. It is noted that in military educational institutions of the armies of the leading countries of the world considerable attention is paid to the teaching of the social sciences as a problem of national security. The main ways to increase the effectiveness of the higher military education system of Ukraine in accordance with European requirements have been formed.

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