scholarly journals JUSTIFICATION OF CONSTRUCTIVE-REGIME PARAMETERS OF VARIABLE RUBBER OF VARIABLE SECTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 99-106
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Hrytsun ◽  
Ihor Babyn
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Engineering Calculation ◽  
Vacuum Pressure ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Vibration Effect ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
Milking Machine

Domestic and foreign industries do not produce milking machines that would fully comply with the physiology of animals. Full milking of the udder and reduction of cows with ma-stit significantly depends on the operation of the milking machine. The quality of serial milking cups does not fully meet modern zootechnical requirements. In the process of their work, especially at the beginning and at the end of milking cows, "idle" milking can take place at nominal vacuum. Milking at high vacuum often irritates the teat sphincter, which often causes mastitis in animals, followed by cancer. Also, along with the growth of milk production, its quality is extremely important. The main technical solutions for milking machines with controlled change of vacuum pressure are analyzed. Some theoretical and experimental studies of the milking machine, which provides a reduction of the vacuum load on the udder and a rigid vibration effect on the teat sphincter at nominal vacuum in the process of machine milking cows. Despite the many known solutions to improve the milking machine, the task of creating a design that combines high productivity and stimulation of the reflex remains relevant. Designs of milking machines are now being improved mainly in two directions, namely - the development of milking machines that allow you to adjust the operating parameters depending on the level of milk yield and design improvements of milking machines that stimulate the milk reflex without causing the animal negative effects. Theoretical studies of the working process of machine milking allowed to systematize the method of engineering calculation of the milking machine with controlled mode of vacuum pressure on the teats of the cow and to determine the optimal design parameters of the executive mechanisms. The obtained analytical expressions characterize the influence of their parameters and mode of operation on the dynamics of milk production during machine milking of cows.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL JUSTIFICATION OF SOME STRUCTURAL-TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF MILKING MACHINEWITH DRIVING DRIVING MODE

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Ihor Babyn ◽  
Anatoliy Hrytsun
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Milking Machine ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
The Impact

An analysis of the technical solutions of milking machines with controlled vacuum mode and theoretical studies of the operation of the milking machine actuator, which allows to reduce the vacuum load on the udder and the impact on the sphincter of the cervix and prevent "idle" milking in high vacuum in the machine process. The completeness of milking cows and reducing the incidence of their mastitis depends to some extent on the operation of milking equipment. Performance indicators of the technological process of serial milking equipment do not always fully comply with the current zootechnical requirements. During their work at the beginning and at the end of the milking of the animal there may be a process of "idle" milking at high vacuum, which often leads to the disease of animals with mastitis and subsequent culling. Along with the increase in milk production, quality is becoming extremely important. The analysis of the known technical solutions of milking machines with a controlled mode of milking shows that the domestic and foreign industry do not produce milking machines with a controlled mode of milking, which fully correspond to the physiology of animals. In our opinion, the most effective one is to consider a milking machine with a low-inertial milk flow sensor, which controls the vacuum mode, both in poddyah and interstitial chambers of milking glasses. Conducted theoretical studies of the working process of machine milking allowed to systematize the engineering calculation method of milking machine with a controlled mode of operation and to determine the optimal design parameters of the actuators. The analytical expressions obtained characterize the influence of their parameters and mode of operation on the dynamics of milk production during machine milking of cows.

The influence of the design parameters of the milking machine collector on the oscillation of the vacuum pressure in the suction phase

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
V. I. Achkevych ◽  
V. S. Khmelevsky ◽  
O. M. Achkevych
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Vacuum Pressure ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Compression Phase ◽  
Theoretical Substantiation ◽  
Milking Machine

Annotation Purpose. Substantiation of design parameters of two-chamber collector of milking apparatus by stabilization of vacuum mode of milkline of milking apparatus. Methods. An analysis of the results of experimental studies was used, which were carried out in laboratory conditions using methods of planning multi-factor experiments and statistical processing of experimental data using appropriate software. Results. Based on the results of theoretical substantiation, a prototype of a two-chamber milking collector of a milking machine was made and experimental studies were carried out on with varying structural factors according to the intensity of milk breeding. The analysis of the results of the experimental studies indicates that the rational diameter of the milk hose is 12 mm, with a throttle hole of 2 mm. The use of the proposed two-chamber collector with a portion inlet of air in the milking machine allows us to stabilize the vacuum pressure in the sucking phase, as a result of which milk with low content of somatic cells is of the highest quality. Conclusions. It has been found that the stable operation of the milking machine provides a constant vacuum pressure in the sucking phase and a sufficient drop in the vacuum pressure in the compression phase. The appropriate pressure level will be maintained by combining the diameters of the milk hose 12 mm and the throttle opening 2 mm. Keywords: milking machine, vacuum pressure, milk-shaped hose, throttle hole, two-chamber collector.

scholarly journals Advanced control unit for adaptive milking equipment based on a portion counter of a weight type

2019 ◽  
pp. 122-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afanasiev, I. ◽  
Tkach, V.
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
Advanced Control ◽  
Milking Machine ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose. Improving the efficiency of the process of machine milking cows by improving the accuracy of determining the intensity of milk production and individual milking milk yield on the basis of a portion counter weight. Methods. Experimental studies were conducted on the basis of methods of planned experiment on the basis of a laboratory stand of the department of biotechnical systems in animal husbandry and feedstock of NSC “IAEE”. The data obtained were processed using the methods of mathematical statistics and regression analysis. Results. The relationship between the milk production rate and the actual weight of a portion of milk measured by a batch counter was experimentally established. According to the results of the researches, an advanced control unit for milking equipment on the Arduino element base was created, which adjusts the readings of a portion counter of weight type according to the actual intensity of milk production and provides adaptive change of the working vacuum pressure in the collector of the milking machine. Conclusions. An advanced control unit for milking machines has been developed, which allows to reduce the error of measuring milk yield from 12% to 4.9% to estimate the value of instant milk production with an accuracy of 5.7%. Keywords: adaptive milking equipment, milking machine, machine milking.

Method and results of experimental researches of modes of work of the adaptive milking equipment on the basis of the portion meter of the weight type

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
I. A. Afanasiev ◽  
V. V. Tkach
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Vacuum Pressure ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
Milk Output ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Milking Machine ◽  
Experimental Researches

Annotation Purpose. Improving the efficiency of machine milking due to the improvement of milking equipment on the basis of the portion meter of the weight type. Methods. Studies have been conducted on the basis of the planned experiment. The data obtained were processed using the methods of regression analysis. Results. The technique of laboratory researches is developed, a prototype of a membrane regulator of vacuum is made and experimental researches of operating modes of the adaptive milking equipment on the basis of the portion meter of the weight type. According to the results of the research, the dependence between the parameters and the mode of operation of the membrane vacuum regulator was obtained. Conclusions. The dependence is obtained, between the vacuum pressure in the milk collection chamber of the collector, milk expense, the diameters of the milk pipe and the diameters of a throttle opening. The limit values of the intensity of milk output (0.2 m3/s) at which there is a critical drop in the working vacuum pressure in the milk collection chamber of the collector and the corresponding choke parameters (diameter of the throttle opening 0,001 m) are defined. This eliminates this negative phenomenon. Keywords: adaptive milking equipment, milking machine, machine milking, milk expense.

TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS FOR INCREASING OF MACHINE MILKING COWS EFFICIENCY

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Лукманов ◽  
Ruslan Lukmanov ◽  
Мустафин ◽  
Anas Mustafin ◽  
Зиганшин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
Operation Modes ◽  
Milking Machine ◽  
Technical Solutions

A device of disconnection a milking machine at the end of milking was created to improve the efficiency of machine milking cows. On the basis of theoretical and experimental studies we proved constructive and technological parameters and operation modes of the air engine.

Technical Development of Milking Machines

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.N. Akam
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Technical Development ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
Cattle Feeding ◽  
Milking Machine ◽  
Made In

The milking machine has a unique place in the mechanization of dairy farming. It is, as yet, the only fully successful and almost universally accepted machine used directly with cattle and the rates of its acceptance and development have to a large extent governed the trends in other methods of milk production. The direct effects of machine milking on labour usage are very evident. One milker took an hour to hand-milk about 10 cows whereas he can now machine - milk 60 to 100 in the same time. The indirect effects are less obvious but at least as important. The progress of the mechanization of milking has required changes to be made in cattle housing, bedding methods, effluent handling, cattle feeding and made possible new systems of milk production. In a meeting on the mechanization of livestock production a brief review of the trends in milking machine development is useful. Although the development of mechanical milking has had major far-reaching effects on livestock husbandry the changes are not rapid and major innovations such as the development of milking parlours take many years to become assimilated into farming practice.

Physiology of lactation and machine milking in dromedary she-camel

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Kaskous
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Ejection ◽  
Dromedary Camels ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Increase Milk Production ◽  
Slow Progress ◽  
Milking Machine

Dromedary camels have the capability and the genetic potential to achieve high levels of milk production. However, systematic breeding programs to increase milk production are not common in this species. Dromedary camels are not well adapted to machine milking. Milk removal obviously requires in most farms a pre-stimulation through calf suckling before the milking machine can completely harvest the stored milk. In camels, most of the milk is stored in the alveolar compartment (>90-95%) of the udder. Therefore, almost no milk can be obtained in the absence of milk ejection. In addition, the morphological, anatomical and physiological properties of the camel udder are complex and not fully understood. Because of all biological and economical limitations related to machine milking dromedary camels are mostly hand-milked. The introduction of machine milking makes only slow progress and is limited to intensive dairy camel farms in a few countries. Machine milking of dromedary camels showed so far acceptable results. However, some studies clearly showed that udder emptying by machine milking with the available equipment is not satisfactory. The amount of residual milk after machine milking is high and was up to 30 % or even more of the stored milk in some studies. This means that the used machine needs to be improved to fit the camel's udder. Nevertheless, some studies clearly showed that a major proportion of dromedary camels have a suitable machine milking ability.

scholarly journals СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССА ДОЕНИЯ КОРОВ АППАРАТОМ ЧЕТВЕРТНОГО ДОЕНИЯ

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Krasnov ◽  
A.Yu. Krasnova ◽  
V.V. Miroshnikova ◽  
A.S. Makarenko
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
High Probability ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Pneumatic Actuator ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Pneumatic Drive ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
Milking Machine

Целью исследования явилось устранение передержек доильных стаканов на выдоенных долях вымени и повышение стимулирующего воздействия доильного аппарата на молочную железу.Объект исследования доильный аппарат марки ДА2М, переоборудованный в режим работы с поочерёдным пневмоприводом доильных стаканов. Показана существенная разница во времени извлечения молока из передних и задних долей у коров с любой формой вымени серийными отсасывающими доильными аппаратами, в том числе марки ДА2М, изза чего передние доли, будучи выдоенными, подвергаются холостому воздействию высокого вакуума. Учитывая высокую вероятность поражения их маститом при этом, предложен вариант переоборудования аппарата ДА2М в режим четвертного доения с поочерёдным пневмоприводом доильных стаканов при различной, регулируемой продолжительности такта сосания в стаканах, предназначенных для извлечения молока, находящегося в передних долях вымени коровы. К доильному аппарату в этом варианте разработан ротационный пульсатор, применительно к которому получены расчётные формулы для определения продолжительности динамических процессов в пневматическом приводе доильного стакана, обеспечивающие аналогично серийному аппарату его работу. Производственными опытами показано более высокое массирующее воздействие усовершенствованного доильного аппарата на соски вымени, увеличение их роли в секреции молока после машинного доения и повышении разового надоя на 14. При этом в промежутке между очередными доениями коровы усовершенствованным аппаратом на фоне известной достаточно равномерной скорости образования молока в вымени животного дополнительно появляется источник усиленной секреции его, который обусловлен более интенсивными доильными стимулами в виде механических раздражений. Процесс повышения скорости производства молока в организме животного происходит на фоне равномерной секреции и дополняется непосредственно после доения в течение до трёхчетырёх часов, что способствует получению 0,5 кг молока при каждом последующем доении дополнительно. В процессе исследований с использованием усовершенствованного доильного аппарата поочерёдного привода доильных стаканов маститных заболеваний у коров не обнаружено.Research objective was elimination of overexposures of milking glasses on the milked dry shares of an udder and increase in the stimulating impact of the milking machine on a mammary gland.Research object the converted milking machine of the DA2M brand in an operating mode with a serial pneumatic actuator of milking glasses.The essential time difference of extraction of milk from front and back shares at cows with any form of an udder the serial suckingaway milking machines, including the DA2M brands because of what front shares, being milked dry, are exposed to single influence of a high vacuum is shown. Considering a high probability of defeat by their mastitis at the same time, the option of reequipment of the device DA2M in the mode of quarter milking with a serial pneumatic actuator of milking glasses at various, adjustable duration of a step of sucking in the glasses intended for extraction of the milk which is in front shares of an udder of a cow is offered. To the milking machine in this option the rotational pulsator in relation to which the settlement formulas for determination of duration of dynamic processes in the pneumatic drive of a milking glass ensuring to similarly serial device its functioning are received is developed. Knowhow showed higher massing impact of the advanced milking machine on udder nipples, increase in their role in secretion of milk after machine milking and increase in single milk yield for 14. At the same time in an interval between the next milkings of a cow the advanced device against the background of the known rather uniform speed of formation of milk in an animal udder in addition there is a source of its strengthened secretion which is caused by more intensive milking incentives in the form of mechanical irritations. In the course of the researches with use of the advanced milking machine of the serial drive of milking glasses of mastitis diseases at cows it is not revealed.

Justification of parameter of adjusts, adaptively milking machine

10.12737/2437 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
Ужик ◽  
Oksana Uzhik
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Original Position ◽  
Theoretical Expression ◽  
Valve Mechanism ◽  
Milking Machine ◽  
Spring Mechanism

In the introduction we exposed the urgency of establishing a milking machine with sufficient bandwidth and adaptive properties, i.e. possibility to change the milking procedure of each udder fraction separately, depending on the flow intensity of milk therein. The purpose and objectives of research – improving the machine milking efficiency on the basis of justification of design-mode parameters of a spring mechanism of regulator valve of under-pressure of milking machine. In the theoretical part the diagram of a teat cup is shown, which includes under-pressure regulator, configured as a milk catcher with float and separated by a flexible membrane of milk disengaging chamber and the control chamber; a diagram of the valve gear of vacuum regulator, and a diagram of the spring pressing valve mechanism. A theoretical expression was given, which characterizes the dependence of effort on the valve from its original position relative to the attachment points of the springs, their length, stiffness, and movement of the valve. In the experimental there is a diagram of experimental studies and methods of valve spring mechanism. It was founded, that the deviation from the vertical of spring clip “l” in the initial position of 20 mm, a distance of spring attachment points “a” from the valve stem - 20 mm and the valve hole diameter - 0.2, 0.25 or 0.3 mm, vacuum pressure - 50 kPa, the optimal movement, in which the maximum pressing force provides, is equal to the displacement of 10 mm, and the spring constant for the diameter of the valve openings of 0.2, 0.25 and 0.3 mm are respectively 0.3536 , 0.5525 and 0.7956 N/m. An empirical equation is taken, the assessment of the adequacy of which confirmed the correctness of theoretical positions, that characterize the spring mechanism. It was proved by production tests, that the experimental adaptive milking machine compared with ADU-1-03 one, contributes to a fuller realization of cows milk ejection reflex. It was noted that the incidence of udder mastitis decreased to 18 ... 22%. The growth of milk production of animals is 8.1%. An annual economic effect, considering the above costs and milk production increase of cows per 256 heads is 708156 rubles, and per one cow is 2766 rubles. The milking machine introduction on the farms of Belgorod region yielded economic benefits in excess of 340 thousand rubles a year.

Technical and technological ensuring for individual milk yield accounting and apportion cow’s feeding

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
V. V. Tkach ◽  
A. I. Fenenko ◽  
S. A. Yaczko ◽  
V. V. Bratishko
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Machine Milking ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
The World ◽  
Feeding Methods ◽  
Experimental Researches

Annotation Purpose. Improving the efficiency of the milk production process by developing automatic technical means for individual milk accounting and targeted cows feeding. Methods. Generalization of world experience in creating means forindividual milk accountingand dosed issuance of concentrated feeds. Experimental studies based on general mechanics principles. Results. The world experience of technical and technological support of monitoring individual cow’s productivity is generalized. The parameters of the technological process of targeted cows feeding are substantiated. The results of experimental researches and industrial check of technical means for individual milk accounting and dosed delivery of concentrated fodder are given. Conclusions. As a result of the research, automatic technical means were developed for monitoring individual milk yield and dosed distribution of concentrated feed, which makes it possible to create a targeted feeding system for cows on their basis. Keywords: automation of milking, milk flow sensor, feed dispenser, machine milking, cow feeding, individual milk accounting.

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