scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF THE MECHANICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF FODDER CROPS TO DETERMINE THE PARAMETERS OF THE WORKING BODIES OF MOWER CONDITIONERS AND OPTIMAL MODES OF THEIR OPERATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Vitalii Komaha ◽  
Oleksii Tokarchuk ◽  
Mykhailo Zamrii
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Working Bodies

In modern conditions, with insufficient resource supply for agriculture, the most popular in fodder production is resource-saving technologies that increase production of highly nutritious feed at a low cost of labor and money. In field fodder production, resource conservation can be achieved through the wider use of new approaches and crops in the harvesting - perennial leguminous grasses for harvesting hay, which have high environmental sustainability and competitive ability. The most important task of intensifying livestock in the winter is the harvesting of hay (haylage) from crops with a high content of protein and protein (carotene). As a result of the study of the size-mass characteristics of the most valuable feed-rich crop, rich in protein and amino acids, which is important when developing methods for preparing fodder from perennial leguminous herbs - alfalfa. Knowing the properties of alfalfa will allow to really reach the design and technological parameters. The linear dimensions of alfalfa are given to enable the design of mower conditioners with vertical placement of conditioner rollers (sizes of working bodies, their setting and operating modes). According to the long-term results of the study of the size-mass characteristics of alfalfa, the features of varying the marked features and their correlation are established. Research data after mathematical processing made it possible to identify the correlation between the length of the stalk of alfalfa and its stability, which is an important indicator in the design of working bodies and the establishment of appropriate operating modes of mower conditioners with a vertical conditioner.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE CUTTER ON THE PROCESS OF GRINDING VEGETABLE RESIDUES OF THICK-STEM CROPS BY PROCESSING BANDS

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
M.M. Korchak ◽  
T.V. Dudchak ◽  
D.V. Vilchynska
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Rotation Frequency ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Working Bodies

Theoretical studies of the milling tillage working body, in particular, dynamic properties under conditions of periodic external load, are substantiated and the main technological parameters are substantiated, and energy performance indicators are analyzed. The following data were adopted as the initial data for theoretical studies of the milling working body: the size of the row-spacing and strips, the dimensional characteristics of the root and stem residues. Theoretical studies of the milling machine gave such justified results: the diameter of the milling drum Dfr.bar = 0.3 m, the rotation frequency of the milling drum nfr.bar = 190 ... 430 hv-1, the number of installed knives on one disk n = 4 pcs, the rotating speed Vob = 6.59 m/s. Rational parameters and operating modes are justified: milling power Nfr = 19.3 kW, torque on the milling drum shaft Mkr = 0.45 kN·m. Theoretically substantiated milling working body is implemented in the development of a combined grinder of plant residues of thick-stem crops. The investigated working body, which performs the technological process of grinding compacted plant residues of thick-stemmed crops with the proposed technology, will allow us to further substantiate in more detail the mathematical model of the combined method of processing the field clogged with plant residues and determine the structural and technological structure of the grinder. The further development of the theoretical foundations of grinding plant residues and soil, in particular milling working bodies used in combined units, has been obtained

INCREASING THE WEAR RESISTANCE OF THE WORKING BODIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES BY THE HDTV METHOD WITH ADDING POWDER OF THE EED METHOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (141) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
IL’YA ROMANOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Abrasive Wear Resistance ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Powder Materials ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Working Bodies

The development of energy and resource-saving methods and technologies for strengthening and restoring the working bodies of agricultural machinery will increase their abrasive wear resistance and durability by using materials from machine-building waste and reduce the cost by 10-30 percent without reducing operational characteristics. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in increasing the abrasive wear resistance and durability of cultivator legs by surfacing powder materials obtained by electroerosive dispersion from solid alloy waste by high-frequency currents. (Materials and methods) Authors obtained a powder for research on their own experimental installations of the CCP "Nano-Center" of electroerosive dispersion from waste of sintered hard alloys of the T15K6 brand. The microhardness of powders and coatings on microshifts was measured using the PMT-3 device, and the hardness of coatings with the KMT-1 microhardometer was measured using the Rockwell method according to GOST 9013-59. The microwave-40AV installation was used to assess the wear resistance of materials of working bodies of tillage machines. (Results and discussion) In the course of laboratory wear tests the relative wear resistance of samples hardened by high-frequency surfacing currents significantly exceeds the wear resistance of non-hardened samples made OF 65g steel, accepted as the reference standard. (Conclusions) Based on the results of experimental studies, the article proposes a new resource-saving technological process for strengthening the working bodies of agricultural machinery through the use of materials from machine-building waste, which allows increasing the abrasive wear resistance of working bodies by 1.5-2 times due to the use of tungsten-containing materials.

scholarly journals Results of Laboratory Studies of the Automated Sorting System for Root and Onion Crops

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1257
Author(s):  
Alexey Dorokhov ◽  
Alexander Aksenov ◽  
Alexey Sibirev ◽  
Nikolay Sazonov ◽  
Maxim Mosyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Automatic Control System ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Manual Sorting ◽  
Sorting System ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Automatic Removal

The roller and sieve machines most commonly used in Russia for the post-harvest processing of root and tuber crops and onions have a number of disadvantages, the main one being a decrease in the quality of sorting due to the contamination of working bodies, which increases the quantity of losses during sorting and storage. To obtain high-quality competitive production, it is necessary to combine a number of technological operations during the sorting process, such as dividing the material into classes and fractions by quality and size, as well as identifying and removing damaged products. In order to improve the quality of sorting of root tubers and onions by size, it is necessary to ensure the development of an automatic control system for operating and technological parameters, the use of which will eliminate manual sorting on bulkhead tables in post-harvest processing. To fulfill these conditions, the developed automatic control system must have the ability to identify the material on the sorting surface, taking into account external damage and ensuring the automatic removal of impurities. In this study, the highest sorting accuracy of tubers (of more than 91%) was achieved with a forward speed of 1.2 m/s for the conveyor of the sorting table, with damage to 2.2% of the tubers, which meets the agrotechnical requirements for post-harvest processing. This feature distinguishes the developed device from similar ones.

scholarly journals A Microcosm Treatability Study for Evaluating Wood Mulch-Based Amendments as Electron Donors for Trichloroethene (TCE) Reductive Dechlorination

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1949
Author(s):  
Edoardo Masut ◽  
Alessandro Battaglia ◽  
Luca Ferioli ◽  
Anna Legnani ◽  
Carolina Cruz Viggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Donor ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Reductive Dechlorination ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chlorinated Solvents ◽  
Electron Donors ◽  
Chlorinated Ethenes ◽  
Dehalococcoides Mccartyi ◽  
Wood Mulch

In this study, wood mulch-based amendments were tested in a bench-scale microcosm experiment in order to assess the treatability of saturated soils and groundwater from an industrial site contaminated by chlorinated ethenes. Wood mulch was tested alone as the only electron donor in order to assess its potential for stimulating the biological reductive dechlorination. It was also tested in combination with millimetric iron filings in order to assess the ability of the additive to accelerate/improve the bioremediation process. The efficacy of the selected amendments was compared with that of unamended control microcosms. The results demonstrated that wood mulch is an effective natural and low-cost electron donor to stimulate the complete reductive dechlorination of chlorinated solvents to ethene. Being a side-product of the wood industry, mulch can be used in environmental remediation, an approach which perfectly fits the principles of circular economy and addresses the compelling needs of a sustainable and low environmental impact remediation. The efficacy of mulch was further improved by the co-presence of iron filings, which accelerated the conversion of vinyl chloride into the ethene by increasing the H2 availability rather than by catalyzing the direct abiotic dechlorination of contaminants. Chemical analyses were corroborated by biomolecular assays, which confirmed the stimulatory effect of the selected amendments on the abundance of Dehalococcoides mccartyi and related reductive dehalogenase genes. Overall, this paper further highlights the application potential and environmental sustainability of wood mulch-based amendments as low-cost electron donors for the biological treatment of chlorinated ethenes.

scholarly journals Substantiation of technical and operational characteristics of the device to sort corn cobs

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00094
Author(s):  
Dmitry N. Byshov ◽  
Irina A. Petunina ◽  
Elena A. Kotelevskaya ◽  
Sergey N. Borychev ◽  
Georgy K. Rembalovich
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Treated Plant ◽  
Working Bodies

The paper presents a method to substantiate the technical and technological parameters of the device to sort corn cobs, which takes into account the biometric and physical-mechanical properties of the treated plant objects. The method of basic parameters substantiation involves determining the overall dimensions of the device, the geometric and technological parameters of the working bodies, as well as the energy for operation.

EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENT ON GROWING HYDROPONICS MAIZE FODDER USING LOW-COST GREENHOUSE CULTIVATING UNIT FOR LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION.

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
Adamu, B. ◽  
Abdullahi, S. ◽  
Saidu, S. G ◽  
Yustus Sunday Francis
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Production System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Production Water ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Food Requirement ◽  
Greenhouse Cultivation ◽  
Near Future

The term 'Hydroponics' was derived from Greek words 'hydro' means water and 'ponics' means labor. Hydroponic is a modern agricultural technique that uses nutrient solution rather than soil solution for fodder production. As population increases the food demand also increased, the existing system of agriculture will not be able to meet the food requirement in the near future due to environmental challenges in the industry. The major environmental factors affecting the hydroponics production system are; Temperature, relative humidity, and light. The objectives of this studies are to examine the hydroponics greenhouse technologies, impact of environmental factors on hydroponics greenhouse cultivation and challenges of growing on hydroponics greenhouse system. This study revealed that hydroponics greenhouse cultivation is a better option for improved fodder production, water utilization, palatability and digestibility.

scholarly journals Remote Sensing of Aerosols at Night with the CoSQM Sky Brightness Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Marseille ◽  
Martin Aubé ◽  
Africa Barreto Velasco ◽  
Alexandre Simoneau
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Aerosol Optical Depth ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Sky Brightness ◽  
Night Sky ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Night Sky Brightness

The aerosol optical depth is an important indicator of aerosol particle properties and associated radiative impacts. AOD determination is therefore very important to achieve relevant climate modeling. Most remote sensing techniques to retrieve aerosol optical depth are applicable to daytime given the high level of light available. The night represents half of the time but in such conditions only a few remote sensing techniques are available. Among these techniques, the most reliable are moon photometers and star photometers. In this paper, we attempt to fill gaps in the aerosol detection performed with the aforementioned techniques using night sky brightness measurements during moonless nights with the novel CoSQM: a portable, low cost and open-source multispectral photometer. In this paper, we present an innovative method for estimating the aerosol optical depth by using an empirical relationship between the zenith night sky brightness measured at night with the CoSQM and the aerosol optical depth retrieved at daytime from the AErosol Robotic NETwork. Such a method is especially suited to light-polluted regions with light pollution sources located within a few kilometers of the observation site. A coherent day-to-night aerosol optical depth and Ångström Exponent evolution in a set of 354 days and nights from August 2019 to February 2021 was verified at the location of Santa Cruz de Tenerife on the island of Tenerife, Spain. The preliminary uncertainty of this technique was evaluated using the variance under stable day-to-night conditions, set at 0.02 for aerosol optical depth and 0.75 for Ångström Exponent. These results indicate the set of CoSQM and the proposed methodology appear to be a promising tool to add new information on the aerosol optical properties at night, which could be of key importance to improve climate predictions.

scholarly journals Development of a system for estimating and forecasting the rational resource-saving operating modes of TPP

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (8 (105)) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Olga Chernousenko ◽  
Dmitro Rindyuk ◽  
Vitaliy Peshko ◽  
Olexandr Chernov ◽  
Vladyslav Goryazhenko
Keyword(s):  
Resource Saving ◽  
Operating Modes
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