Influence of Structural and Technological Parameters of the Working Bodies of the Chisel Deep Tillers on Traction Resistance

Author(s):  
Sergiy Leshchenko ◽  
◽  
Vasyl Salo ◽  
Dmytro Petrenko ◽  
Oleksii Vasylkovskyi ◽  
...  
Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1257
Author(s):  
Alexey Dorokhov ◽  
Alexander Aksenov ◽  
Alexey Sibirev ◽  
Nikolay Sazonov ◽  
Maxim Mosyakov ◽  
...  

The roller and sieve machines most commonly used in Russia for the post-harvest processing of root and tuber crops and onions have a number of disadvantages, the main one being a decrease in the quality of sorting due to the contamination of working bodies, which increases the quantity of losses during sorting and storage. To obtain high-quality competitive production, it is necessary to combine a number of technological operations during the sorting process, such as dividing the material into classes and fractions by quality and size, as well as identifying and removing damaged products. In order to improve the quality of sorting of root tubers and onions by size, it is necessary to ensure the development of an automatic control system for operating and technological parameters, the use of which will eliminate manual sorting on bulkhead tables in post-harvest processing. To fulfill these conditions, the developed automatic control system must have the ability to identify the material on the sorting surface, taking into account external damage and ensuring the automatic removal of impurities. In this study, the highest sorting accuracy of tubers (of more than 91%) was achieved with a forward speed of 1.2 m/s for the conveyor of the sorting table, with damage to 2.2% of the tubers, which meets the agrotechnical requirements for post-harvest processing. This feature distinguishes the developed device from similar ones.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00094
Author(s):  
Dmitry N. Byshov ◽  
Irina A. Petunina ◽  
Elena A. Kotelevskaya ◽  
Sergey N. Borychev ◽  
Georgy K. Rembalovich

The paper presents a method to substantiate the technical and technological parameters of the device to sort corn cobs, which takes into account the biometric and physical-mechanical properties of the treated plant objects. The method of basic parameters substantiation involves determining the overall dimensions of the device, the geometric and technological parameters of the working bodies, as well as the energy for operation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00068
Author(s):  
S. A. Ivanaisky ◽  
M. A. Kanaev ◽  
Y. A. Kirov ◽  
M. S. Ivanaisky ◽  
S. V. Denisov

The research objective is to improve the quality of soil loosening using combined working bodies for surface moisture-retaining soil cultivation. The efficiency of accumulation and conservation of precipitation in the autumn-winter period depends on the method of post-harvest soil cultivation. One of them is the autumn surface water-retaining treatment, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the processes of accumulation and conservation of moisture due to the deeper loosening of the cultivated soil layer. During loosening and mulching, the top layer of the soil contributes to the accumulation and preservation of moisture not only in the upper but also in deeper soil horizons. However, the used tillage tools do not fully solve the problem of the high-quality performance of surface moisture-retaining soil cultivation. The article presents the results of studies of the degree of influence of geometric and technological parameters of the additional active cultivator on the quality of surface tillage. Based on the results of the research carried out, the technological process of performing the surface tillage operation has been improved and combined working bodies have been developed for its implementation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00016
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Petrov ◽  
Sergey A. Ivanayskiy ◽  
Mikhail A. Kanaev ◽  
Oleg M. Parfyonov ◽  
Maxim S. Ivanayskiy

The aim of the research is to improve soil tillage quality using combined working bodies in surface cultivation. There are various designs of combined tillage units including passive cultivators and active rotor-tooth working bodies cultivating land. However, an analysis of design and technological parameters of modern cultivators shows that they have a cumbersome design, required much metal and their quality indicators do not meet soil cultivation requirements. The article presents results of the studies on the influence of geometric and technological parameters of an additional battery of needle discs on land tillage quality. Using the research results, the land tillage has been improved and combined working bodies have been developed.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Chernovol ◽  
M. Sviren ◽  
R. Kisiliov

Aim. Enhancing the quality and improving the technological process of mixing feeds using the new con- struction of the mixer and substantiating its rational parameters. Methods. Mathematical modeling theories, fundamentals of using machinery in animal breeding. Results. The estimated model of the functioning of a constructive-technological scheme of a composite mixer and the mathematical model of the dynamic interac- tion of mixer paddles and the solid mass of feeds were elaborated. It was established that the technological effi ciency of preparing the homogeneous mixture depends on physical and mechanic properties of its compo- nents, the impact and interaction between the form and geometric parameters of the attacking surface of the paddles, the slope angle, the setting increment and working modes of the mixer. Conclusions. The results of the studies confi rm the possibility of enhancing the effi ciency of the technology of preparing completely balanced feeding mixtures for cattle via the intensifi cation of the mixing process using the construction of the composite belt-paddle mixer, the elaboration of theoretical fundamentals of the interaction of feed components with the working bodies and substantiating their main constructive and technological parameters.


Author(s):  
S. O. Krupych

Annotation Purpose. Improving the methodology of substantiation of the selection of energy means for performing technological operations in walnut orchards, which is the basis for further determination of their rational parameters. Methods. The research uses the principles of systems analysis, as well as monographic and graph analytical methods. Results. Performing technological operations in walnut orchards requires special features from tractors: movement in the rows of the garden without damaging the tree crown; providing aggregation of symmetrical machines and with lateral displacement; availability of a universal hydraulic system for the drive of working bodies; to provide statistical and dynamic stability when hanging agricultural machines. To achieve this goal, it is advisable to consider the tractor on a two-parameter classification system, ie the transition from traction to traction-energy concept, take into account the traction force of the tractor on the hook and the effective power of the tractor engine. To substantiate the parameters of the energy means of performing technological operations in perennial walnut plantations, an algorithm is proposed that allows taking into account the technical and technological parameters of MTU. It is developed on the basis of information on the technologies of growing walnuts available on the world market and technical means for their implementation. It is developed on the basis of information about the technologies and technical means of walnut production available on the world market and allows carrying out their system-structural analysis. The identification of domestic and foreign energy remedy available on the market to ensure the technological process of walnuts production was carried out and correlation-regression analysis was performed, which allowed establishing the relationship between tractor cost and their parameters: engine power, operating weight. The proposed dependences make it possible to substantiate the rational (optimal) parameters of the technical support of the entire technological process with different subject-production characteristics. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of existing methods of substantiation of parameters of energy remedy for technological operations of agricultural production it is established that specialized methods that would take into account the peculiarities of walnut production absent. A new technique has been developed that will increase the efficiency of substantiation of energy parameters during the technological operations of walnut cultivation. The identification of available on the market energy remedy, machines and tools for technological operations of walnut production is carried out and their parametric and cost indicators are established. Based on these data, a regression analysis was performed, which made it possible to establish the relationships between price and their parametric indicators. Keywords: energy remedy, garden, walnuts, weight, traction force, method, rational parameters.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (144) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Vladimir R. Petrovets ◽  
◽  
Nikolay I. Dudko ◽  
Viktor V. Amelichev ◽  
Vasiliy M. Kuzyur ◽  
...  

High-quality sowing of grain crops depends on the design of the working bodies of agricultural machines. Based on analytical studies, it was proposed to develop a new classification of individual structural elements of coulters and their technological parameters. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in improvement of the digital classification table of coulter signs, the structure and form of representation of which would allow easily complementing the signs characterizing the studied working body without changing its formation algorithm. (Materials and methods) The coulter can be considered as a system consisting of a combination of individual design and technological features that are closely related to each other. A two-disc coulter was analyzed according to the proposed classification, and a digital coding system was proposed. This classification allows us to include not only the known types of coulters, but also to predict new designs for the specified technologi-cal parameters. (Results and discussion) The features and properties of coulters in the matrix are located vertically and horizontally, respectively, and are considered in in-teraction, coulters of one class are associated with many features and properties of coulters of another class. This classification allows you to replace the existing large classifications with ordinary numbers, to conduct digital coding of any coulters of sowing machines. (Conclusions) The proposed classification allows us to apply digi-tal coding of the entire variety of features and properties of existing and new designs of two-disc coulters, to use computer technologies for searching, storing and pro-cessing information on them. The classification is used to select a rational design of the working body.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4501
Author(s):  
Wacław Romaniuk ◽  
Petr Savinykh ◽  
Kinga Borek ◽  
Kamil Roman ◽  
Alexey Y. Isupov ◽  
...  

This article presents the device and the principle of operation of forage grain crushers that use the centrifugal force of inertia to supply the working bodies—which occurs as a result of rotation of the rotor with a vertical axis. The results of some tests of machines working on this principle have been characterized. Attention is drawn to the disadvantages of most research works, namely the lack of premises for creating shredders of this class with a wide range of performance. The aim of this work is to establish the relationship between the design and technological parameters for the operation of a centrifugal-rotary shredder using the theory of similarity and a dimensional analysis. Moreover, the experimental data show an empirical relationship when calculating the efficiency for the shredder model considered above. By applying the similarity criteria, dimensionless complexes were obtained, which allow to determine the significance of the parameters selected at the initial stage for the efficiency of the shredder. The novelty of this research is the application of the theory of similarity and the use of dimensional analysis, which allowed for scaling the results of the experimental data and obtaining a centrifugal-rotary shredder with higher efficiency, while maintaining the quality of the obtained product. This technique indicates the energy costs of the grinding process, which can be used to select the ratio of parameters in the shredder that would ensure that a minimum amount of energy is consumed.


Author(s):  
А.С. Дорохов ◽  
А.В. Сибирёв ◽  
А.Г. Аксенов

Уборка подземной части лука-севка связана с большими трудностями, так как приходится отделять товарную продукцию от большого количества почвы, превышающей объем луковиц в весовом соотношении. Сложность проектирования и создания сепарирующих рабочих органов машин для уборки корнеплодов и лука заключается в большом разнообразии почвенно-климатических условий, в которых происходит технологический процесс уборки. Кроме того, в единообразных почвенно-климатических условиях в пределах одной учетной делянки наблюдается большое отклонение от средних значений основных физических констант почвы – влажности и твердости. Большим препятствием для успешной работы сепарирующих рабочих органов является наличие в сепарируемой массе почвенных комков. Решение проблемы повышения качества работы машин для уборки лука определяется разработкой функционирующих элементов уборочной машины с определенным уровнем интеллектуальности и быстродействия отзывчивости на варьируемые стохастические показатели факторов внешних воздейтвий. Обоснованы основные технологические параметры исследуемого сепарирующего рабочего органа. Получены формулы, позволяющие определить угол подъема полотна пруткового элеватора в поперечном направлении; величину перемещения штока электроцилиндров; поперечную составляющую смещения вороха, обусловленную набеганием полотна пруткового элеватора на встряхиватель; амплитуды колебаний в поперечном и продольном направлениях полотна пруткового элеватора в зависимости от его ширины и длины; а также алгоритм работы пруткового элеватора с регулируемым углом наклона полотна. Определены площадь поперечного сечения вороха лука-севка на прутковом элеваторе с учетом коэффициента полноты сепарации; длина участка пруткового элеватора, на котором происходит смещение вороха лука-севка в результате изменения угла подъема, обусловленная зависимостью скорости движения вороха лука-севка по поверхности пруткового элеватора с учетом коэффициента трения луковиц. Harvesting the underground part of onion sets is associated with great difficulties, since it is necessary to separate commercial products from a large amount of soil, exceeding the volume of bulbs in a weight ratio. The complexity of designing and creating separating working bodies of machines for harvesting root crops and onions lies in a wide variety of soil and climatic conditions in which the technological process of harvesting takes place. In addition, under uniform soil and climatic conditions, within one accounting plot, a large deviation from the average values ​​of the basic physical constants of the soil — moisture and hardness — is observed. The big obstacle to the successful operation of the separating working bodies is the presence of soil lumps in the separated mass. The solution to the problem of improving the quality indicators of onion harvesting machines is determined by the development of the functioning elements of the harvesting machine with a certain level of intelligence and responsiveness to variable stochastic indicators of external factors. The main technological parameters of the investigated separating working body are substantiated. Formulas are obtained that allow one to determine the elevation angle of the bar elevator blade in the transverse direction, the displacement distance of the electric cylinder rod, the transverse component of the heap displacement due to the run-in of the bar elevator blade on the shaker, the vibration amplitudes in the transverse and longitudinal directions of the bar elevator blade, depending on its width and length, as well as the algorithm of the bar elevator with an adjustable blade angle. The cross-sectional area of the onion set heap on the bar elevator is determined taking into account the separation completeness coefficient, the length of the section of the bar elevator where the onion set heap is displaced as a result of the change in the elevation angle due to the dependence of the speed of the onion set heap over the surface of the bar elevator taking into account the coefficient of friction of the bulbs.


Author(s):  
Sergiy Hrushetskiy ◽  
Vitaliy Yaropud

For Ukraine's successful entry into Western markets, it is necessary to ensure the competitiveness of its own products, which is achieved through comprehensive mechanization of technological processes, reducing labor costs, increasing yields and quality of products. Accordingly, the aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of structural and technological schemes of potato harvesters identified the most appropriate direction to improve existing and create new designs of potato harvesters, undermining working bodies and separators and substantiation of structural and technological parameters. The research was carried out by technological and structural analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes. In the process of research methods of comparison and mathematical modeling of technological processes were used. The information base of the research was the work of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on technologies and machines for potato harvesting. Based on a comparative analysis of technologies and machines for harvesting potatoes revealed the main processes affecting the agronomic performance of harvesting equipment, as well as the principles of influence of different separators on the potato heap showed that they use inefficient types of deformation, namely: impact and compression. Instead, studies suggest that tensile and shear deformations are much more effective, which are not realized in the current designs of the separators, or are only partially realized. On the basis of complex researches the technological scheme of the potato digger which working bodies (a ploughshare-shelf digger and a drum separator interact with a potato heap through deformations of a tension and shift that allows to separate effectively soil in various conditions of harvesting of tubers and other constructive and kinematic parameters is offered. potato harvester.


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