scholarly journals RESULTS OF HYDRODYNAMIC SYSTEM RESEARCH MILKING OF MILKING INSTALLATIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Ihor Babyn
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Detergent Solution ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Cleaning Solution ◽  
A Site

The aim of the research is to develop a mathematical model of the hydraulic injector of the flushing system and to determine the design parameters of the injector that ensure the destruction of milk deposits on the surface of the elements of the milking parlor of complex geometric configuration. A physical and mathematical model of the process of operation of the hydraulic injector of the flushing system has been developed, which creates a jet of detergent solution of directed action for cleaning the inner surfaces of the milk system. As a result of theoretical researches dependences of radius of a site of blow of a stream Ra and its pressure on a surface of milk pipe system pa on internal diameter of a nozzle dn, distance to it Hj at various values of pressure on an exit of a nozzle pn are received. Using the element base of the milking equipment, a low-pressure centrifugal type milk pump (≈ 3 atm) was selected as the basic hydraulic pressure generator. The dn = 2.1 mm, Hj = 16.6 cm, Ra = 23.6 mm. As a result of experimental studies of the hydroinjector of the flushing system, the dependences of the value of the force of the cleaning solution jet on the surface Fa and the degree of cleaning of the surface from milk deposits after flushing χ from the nozzle outlet pressure pn, the distance between the nozzle and the surface Hj and its inner diameter dn. Visual and statistical (according to Fisher's criterion F = 1,68 <F0,05 (6,30) = 2,42 and correlation coefficient R = 0,97) comparison of theoretical and experimental results of researches allows to assert about adequacy and logic of the received dependences of force of action. jet of detergent solution on the surface of Fa from the research factors in the appropriate range of their values. Pn = 500 kPa, dn = 0.00175 m, Hj = 0.191 m were determined as rational design and mode parameters of the hydroinjector from the condition of the maximum degree of cleaning of the surface from milk deposits after washing χ = 40.1%.

Mobile Worm-Like Robots for Pipe Inspection

2015 ◽  
pp. 168-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Fedorovich Jatsun ◽  
Andrei Vasilevich Malchikov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Control System ◽  
Mobile Robots ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Robot Motion ◽  
Robot Dynamics ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
Pipe Inspection ◽  
The Mathematical Model

This chapter describes various designs of multilink mobile robots intended to move inside the confined space of pipelines. The mathematical model that describes robot dynamics and controlled motion, which allows simulating different regimes of robot motion and determining design parameters of the device and its control system, is presented. The chapter contains the results of numerical simulations for different types of worm-like mobile robots. The experimental studies of the in-pipe robots prototypes and their analyses are presented in this chapter.

scholarly journals VORTEX DEVICES OF THE DIESEL AIR SUPPLY SYSTEM: MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF AERODYNAMIC PROCESSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-120
Author(s):  
R. V. Yakimushkin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Particle Dynamics ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Classical Dynamics ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Dynamics Method

Introduction. The calculation of effective indicators of the vortex ejector used in the diesel air supply system is a pressing task as it allows significantly reducing time for determination of rational design parameters at the design stage. One of the modifications of the particle dynamics method is a promising direction, allowing with high physical adequacy, “from the first principles,” to model aerodynamic processes in vortex devices. Therefore, the purpose of the paper is to develop a mathematical model of a vortex ejector.Materials and methods. The paper discussed a method of the mathematical simulation of ejection and ejection flows in a vortex ejector. The proposed modification of the particle dynamics method allowed describing aerodynamic processes with the help of simple laws of classical dynamics, and modeling them with the help of software of the Delphi 7 System. The author presented differential equations, which were solved by the Runge-Kutt method of the second order. As a result of the solution, the authors determined paths of air elements movement in the vortex ejector, which allowed estimating effective parameters of vortex devices.Results. To study the model, the author developed a program with the possibility to set geometric parameters of the vortex ejector in the interface window and to display the current values of the process parameters.Discussion and conclusions. Proposed mathematical model and computer program make it possible to quantify efficiency of vortex devices at their design stage. The advantage of the proposed mathematical model lies in more accurate calculation of vortex flow parameters from the vortex ejector design and physical properties of ejecting and ejecting flows.Financial transparency: the author has no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest.

A Mathematical Analysis of Directional Solidification of Aqueous Solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Ukpai ◽  
Boris Rubinsky
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Directional Solidification ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Biological Matter ◽  
Intent To Use

Abstract Horizontal directional solidification techniques have been broadly utilized for the freezing of biological matter under conditions in which the freezing rate during solidification must be controlled and known. Directional solidification is used for diverse applications such as fundamental research on freezing of biological materials, cryopreservation of biological matter, and tissue engineering. This study is motivated by our intent to use directional solidification as a simplified model for the study of three-dimensional (3D) cryoprinting. In evaluating directional solidification in the context of 3D cryoprinting, we realized that current mathematical models of directional solidification are not adequately representative for this purpose, because they are simplified and one-dimensional (1D). Here, we introduce an experimentally verified and more representative two-dimensional (2D) mathematical model of directional solidification that can aid in the fundamental study of freezing of biological matter, in particular during 3D cryoprinting. The mathematical model was used to develop correlations between the freezing rates that a layer of an aqueous solution experiences during directional solidification and the various design parameters such as thickness of the sample and temperature gradients in the substrate. Results show that the freezing rates can be higher than those suggested by the previously used simplified 1D mathematical models. The results can be used for developing simplified models of 3D cryoprinting. In addition, the results suggest that many experimental studies on directional solidification of aqueous solutions and biological matter may require readjustment of analysis, in view of these findings.

scholarly journals MOVEMENT STABILITY OF A SECTION OF THE MACHINE FOR BLACK FALLOW CULTIVATION IN A LONGITUDINAL-VERTICAL PLANE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Bulgakov ◽  
Semjons Ivanovs ◽  
Volodymyr Nadykto ◽  
V. Kaminsky ◽  
L. Shymko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Special Machine ◽  
Rational Design Parameters ◽  
Movement Stability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Angle Of Rotation

One of the tasks of using the black fallow in agricultural production is the weed control and the moisture conservation in the soil. Application of the most advanced soil cultivation technologies ensures preservation of no more than 75% of precipitations in the soil. To improve the state of this issue, we have developed a special machine for processing the black fallow. A mathematical model has been developed that describes the dynamics of the movement of the harrow section in a longitudinal-vertical plane, and its solution is given, which allows investigation of the impact of this or that design parameter upon the dynamics of the angle of rotation in time. The adequacy of the developed mathematical model is confirmed by special laboratory and field investigations of the created experimental machine. With rational design parameters the rotation angle of the harrow section in a longitudinal-vertical plane will not exceed – 3º, and the time of its exit to the equilibrium position will not exceed 16...17 s.

scholarly journals Mathematical Model of Thermodynamic Processes in the Intake Manifold of a Diesel Engine with Fuel and Water Injection

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4315
Author(s):  
Vladimir Bondar ◽  
Sergei Aliukov ◽  
Andrey Malozemov ◽  
Arkaprava Das
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Thermodynamic Processes

The article presents the results of a study aimed at creating a mathematical model of thermodynamic processes in the intake manifold of a forced diesel engine, taking into account the features of simultaneous injection of fuel and water into the collector. In the course of the study, the tasks of developing a mathematical model were solved, it was implemented in the existing software for component simulation “Internal combustion engine research and development” (ICE RnD), created using the Modelica language, and verification was undertaken using the results of bench tests of diesel engines with injection fuel and water into the intake manifold. The mathematical model is based on a system of equations for the energy and mass balances of gases and includes detailed mathematical submodels of the processes of simultaneous evaporation of fuel and water in the intake manifold; it takes into account the effect of the evaporation of fuel and water on the parameters of the gas state in the intake manifold; it takes into account the influence of the state parameters of the working fluid in the intake manifold on the physical characteristics of fuel and water; it meets the principles of component modeling, since it does not contain parameters that are not related to the simulated component; it describes the process of simultaneous transfer of vapors and non-evaporated liquids between components; and it does not include empirical relationships requiring data on the dynamics of fuel evaporation under reference conditions. According to the results of a full-scale experiment, the adequacy of the mathematical model developed was confirmed. This model can be used to determine the rational design parameters of the fuel and water injection system, the adjusting parameters of the forced diesel engine that provide the required power, and economic indicators, taking into account the limitations on the magnitude of the mechanical and thermal loads of its parts.

scholarly journals MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE MOTION PALLET PROCESS ON BRAKE MAGNETIC TYPE ROLLER

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-373
Author(s):  
I. A. Sharifullin ◽  
A. L. Nosko ◽  
E. V. Safronov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Viscosity Coefficient ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Magnetic Viscosity ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Magnetic Type

Introduction. One of the main elements of the safe operation of gravity roller conveyors used in pallet racks is a brake roller. The most promising design is the brake roller magnetic (eddy current) type. The operation principle of such rollers is based on the laws of electromagnetic induction and involves the braking of a conductor moving in a magnetic field, due to the interaction of eddy currents (or Foucault currents) arising in the volume of the conductor with an external magnetic field. However, in the market of warehouse shelving equipment, brake magnetic rollers are not widely used due to their high cost, which is primarily due to the lack of domestic designs and methods for their calculation. The aim of the work is to develop a mathematical model of the moving pallets process on a magnetic type brake roller.Materials and methods. The paper presented the theoretical study results on the development of a mathematical model of the moving pallets process on a magnetic type brake roller, described in works on centrifugal friction rollers and eddy current brake devices.Results. The main parameter determining the functions of the brake magnetic roller and hence the speed of the pallet along the gravity roller conveyor is a magnetic viscosity coefficient. The speed dependence of the pallets on the brake magnetic roller for various values of a magnetic viscosity coefficient is determined, its analysis is carried out.Conclusions. A mathematical model of the moving pallets process on a brake magnetic roller is developed. The movement speed equation of the pallets on the brake magnetic roller is obtained. For a reasonable choice of the design parameters of the magnetic brake roller, experimental studies are required to determine a magnetic viscosity coefficient.

scholarly journals Physical and mathematical model of rock destruction by a milling machine cutter

2021 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 639-647
Author(s):  
Stanislav Shemyakin ◽  
Evgenii Shishkin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Rock Destruction ◽  
Universal Stand ◽  
Milling Machines ◽  
Technical Evaluation ◽  
Limiting Condition ◽  
Destruction Of Rocks

As a result of the analysis of the work on rock destruction by cutters of milling of machines, it was found that the existing developments do not allow us to proceed to the derivation of calculation d dependencies for determining fracture resistance, or can be used only in preliminary calculations of the known by design parameters of milling machines. To eliminate these disadvantages, a combined physical and mathematical model of the process of interaction of a single milling cutter with a spherical tip with the rock has been developed. Consideration of the physical picture of the action of forces and stresses acting from the cutter with spherical tips on the separating rock element in the limiting condition allowed to describe analytically the components of total resistance, which are the mathematical part of the physical and mathematical model of rock destruction by cutters. Analytical dependences for determining the tangential and normal components of fracture resistance of rocks of medium hardness have been obtained. The adequacy of the physical and mathematical model to the physical process of destruction of rocks of different hardness by cutters on a universal stand was tested both in the field and in the laboratory conditions. Technical evaluation of the results of experimental studies confirms the reliability of the developed physical and mathematical model.

scholarly journals Theoretical researches of threshing and separation processes of bread mass by the threshing-separating device

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
O.M. Hrytsaka
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Grain Losses

Annotation Purpose. Theoretical researches of increase of efficiency of working processes of threshing, separation of grain mass by combine harvesters by improvement and use of a multi-drum design of the threshing-separating device with rational design and technological parameters of work capable to provide necessary agrotechnical requirements. Methods. In theoretical researches the analysis of interaction of the threshing-separating device with grain mass with use of mathematical modeling of processes of threshing of grain, separation of a rough heap and their estimation is carried out. Results. The mathematical model of the mobile multi-drum thresher modernized as a result of change of settings that allowed to increase efficiency of its work is considered; the dependences of quality on the design parameters of the threshing-separating device during the implementation of technological processes of grain harvesting due to the reduction of the total level of injuries and grain losses are obtained. Conclusions. A mathematical model of improvement of the threshing process, separation of grain mass in the threshing gap of the threshing-separating device was developed, which allowed to obtain the dependences of the influence of structural and technological parameters on the level of threshing and separation. It is established that a significant reserve for improving the process of threshing, separation of grain mass is changes in the settings of threshing drums. Keywords: combine harvester, mathematical model, threshing-separating device, theoretical research, grain harvesting, threshing process.

scholarly journals OPTIMISING THE DESIGN PARAMETERS OF A FILTER RESPIRATOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
S. Cheberyachko ◽  
L. Tretiakova ◽  
Yu. Cheberyachko
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Target Function ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Tension Force ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Power Relationship ◽  
Force Output

Purpose. The optimum length choice of the headband insert for a dust filter respirator. Design/methodology/approach. The method of experimental planning has been applied to determine the interpolation (regression) and optimisation dependencies of the filter respirator process. The dominant variables for the respirator were selected based on experimental studies.  Input controlled variables for mathematical model are length of tape insertion and headband tension force, output parameter is volume of contaminated air suction under face mask. A regression power relationship between the variables has been established. The recall function was approximated by a second-order non-linear mathematical model. The method of least squares was applied in determining the coefficients at the control variables. Regression dependencies and additional constraints on protective and ergonomic requirements have been used in the optimisation calculations. Conclusions. The solution of the set tasks were the following results: the nonlinear mathematical model more adequately characterizes the respirator use process compared to the linear model of the first order. Relative error between experimental and calculated values of air intake does not exceed 0.6 %. The optimization task is formulated with the regression model. The target function and constraints have been defined with safety and ergonomic requirements. The target function does not have an extremum within the defined constraints. The optimum insertion length was determined graphically and was 2–3.2 cm, the headband tension force does not exceed 5 H With this parameter. Research limitations/consequences. The proposed method is universal in determining the optimum parameters for all types of personal protective equipment. Practical implications: the choice of respirator design parameters can be made using experimentation-surface fitting. Originality/value. The proposed method makes it possible to decline heuristic design methods and establish analytical relationships between the requirements and parameters of individual elements of personal protective equipment.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF CAR PROPERTIES ON A PHYSICAL MODEL

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Oleksii Timkov ◽  
Dmytro Yashchenko ◽  
Volodymyr Bosenko
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Remote Control ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Model Experiment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Motor Current ◽  
Memory Card ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The article deals with the development of a physical model of a car equipped with measuring, recording and remote control equipment for experimental study of car properties. A detailed description of the design of the physical model and of the electronic modules used is given, links to application libraries and the code of the first part of the program for remote control of the model are given. Atmega microcontroller on the Arduino Uno platform was used to manage the model and register the parameters. When moving the car on the memory card saved such parameters as speed, voltage on the motor, current on the motor, the angle of the steered wheel, acceleration along three coordinate axes are recorded. Use of more powerful microcontrollers will allow to expand the list of the registered parameters of movement of the car. It is possible to measure the forces acting on the elements of the car and other parameters. In the future, it is planned to develop a mathematical model of motion of the car and check its adequacy in conducting experimental studies on maneuverability on the physical model. In addition, it is possible to conduct studies of stability and consumption of electrical energy. The physical model allows to quickly change geometric dimensions and mass parameters. In the study of highway trains, this approach will allow to investigate the various layout schemes of highway trains in the short term. It is possible to make two-axle road trains and saddle towed trains, three-way hitched trains of different layout. The results obtained will allow us to improve not only the mathematical model, but also the experimental physical model, and move on to further study the properties of hybrid road trains with an active trailer link. This approach allows to reduce material and time costs when researching the properties of cars and road trains. Keywords: car, physical model, experiment, road trains, sensor, remote control, maneuverability, stability.

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