Combination of Specific Probiotic Strains and Dietary Polyphenols Exhibit Synergistic Cellular Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potentials

Oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Dietary polyphenols and probiotics have been shown in the past to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, little is known if dietary polyphenols and probiotics could exert synergistic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The study examined the possible synergism between specific dietary polyphenols and probiotic strains in alleviating cellular oxidative and inflammatory damages. Antioxidant potentials were determined by measuring the extent of inhibition of cellular F2-isoprostanes and formation of lipid hydroperoxides. Anti-inflammatory potentials were determined by measuring the inhibitory extent of cellular leukotriene B4 formation and myeloperoxidase activity. Freshly isolated human neutrophils were treated with specific polyphenols (epicatechin, hesperidin, quercetin, and resveratrol, all at 10µmol/L) and probiotic strains (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum, both at 109 CFU/L), individually and paired. Individually, the polyphenols and probiotic strains significantly decreased the formations of cellular F2-isoprostanes, lipid hydroperoxides, leukotriene B4, and myeloperoxidase enzyme activity. We have observed that L. acidophilus demonstrated significantly stronger antioxidant but weaker anti-inflammatory potentials than B. longum. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials did not differ between the polyphenols. The combined polyphenols and probiotics exhibited synergistic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. When combined with specific polyphenols, L. acidophilus exerted significantly stronger antioxidant and weaker anti-inflammatory potentials than B. longum.

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Food Additives In Commercial Cocoa Beverage Products and their Effects on Total Polyphenol Contents, Cellular Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities

Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal ◽

10.12944/crnfsj.9.1.03 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 20-30

Author(s):

Lena Ling ◽

Claudine Loong ◽

Wai Mun Loke

Keyword(s):

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Food Additives ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Leukotriene B4 ◽

Food Additive ◽

Human Neutrophils ◽

Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽

Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽

Scavenging Capacity ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The study evaluated the uses of food additives in commercial cocoa beverages, and examined the effects of the food additives on their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The food additive lists of the cocoa beverage items on the shelves and chillers of ten randomly selected local supermarkets were recorded. The total flavonoid, polyphenol contents, and radical scavenging activity of the beverages were determined using the modified Dowd, Folin-Ciocalteu, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assays, respectively. Cellular experiments examined the inhibition of F2-isoprostanes, lipid hydroperoxides, leukotriene B4 productions, and myeloperoxidase activity by freshly isolated human neutrophils. The effects of food additives on the measured outcomes were evaluated. Food additives were added to 72% of the twenty five cocoa beverage products. Flavorings (60%), antioxidants (56%), pH regulators (40%), emulsifiers (36%), and colorings (4%) were added into these beverages. The cocoa beverages contained significant amounts of flavonoids, polyphenols, and radical-scavenging antioxidants. Their ethanolic extracts inhibited F2-isoprostanes, lipid hydroperoxides, leukotriene B4 productions, and myeloperoxidase activity from freshly isolated human neutrophils. After stratification by different food additive groups, the flavonoids, polyphenols contents, radical scavenging capacity, cellular inhibitions of F2-isoprostanes, lipid hydroperoxides, leukotriene B4, and myeloperoxidase activity were significantly increased by the beverages containing added antioxidants compared to those without. The other additive types did not influence the measured antioxidant and anti-inflammatory outcomes. Commercial cocoa beverages were shown to exert potential nutraceutical properties, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Selective food additives may exert profound effects on these properties by modulating the availability of flavonoids and polyphenols.

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Sugar, vitamin C, and polyphenols in commercial apple beverages and their effects on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro

Journal of Food Bioactives ◽

10.31665/jfb.2020.13259 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

Author(s):

Claudine Loong ◽

Latasha Leo ◽

Wai Mun Loke

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

High Performance ◽

Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Leukotriene B4 ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽

Hydroperoxide Formation ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The concentrations of sugar, vitamin C, and polyphenols, as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity of commercial apple beverage products in Singapore, were not known. The concentrations of vitamin C, total polyphenol content, and specific polyphenols, quercetin, and catechin of commercial apple beverages were determined using their respective high-performance liquid chromatography – ultraviolet detection methods. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay and in vitro studies were conducted to examine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity. The apple beverages (n=17) exhibited significant antioxidant (DPPH radical scavenging assay, inhibition of cellular F2-isoprostanes and lipid hydroperoxide formation) and anti-inflammatory (inhibition of cellular leukotriene B4 formation and myeloperoxidase activity) capacity, which were found to be associated with vitamin C (10.35±1.18g/ 100g), total polyphenols (9.9±1.2mg GAE/ 100g), catechin (1.60±0.10mg/ 100g), and quercetin (0.46±0.09mg/ 100g) concentrations in the beverages. A separate simulation experiment demonstrated that antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity were augmented by increasing vitamin C, total and specific polyphenol concentrations.

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Nutraceutical, Anti-Inflammatory, and Immune Modulatory Effects ofβ-Glucan Isolated fromYeast

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2017/8972678 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Umar Bacha ◽

Muhammad Nasir ◽

Sanaullah Iqbal ◽

Aftab Ahmad Anjum

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Skin Thickness ◽

Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽

Food Ingredient ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Bile Acid Binding ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Anti Inflammatory

β-Glucan is a dietary fibre, found in many natural sources, and controls chronic metabolic diseases effectively. However,β-glucan from theyeasthas rarely been investigated. Objectively, conditions were optimized to isolateβ-glucan from the yeast (max. 66% yield); those optimized conditions included 1.0 M NaOH, pH 7.0, and 90°C. The purity and identity of the isolatedβ-glucan were characterized through FT-IR, SEM, DSC, and physicofunctional properties. The obtained results from DSC revealed highly stableβ-glucan (m.p., 125°C) with antioxidant activity (TAC value 0.240 ± 0.0021 µg/mg, H2O2scavenging 38%), which has promising bile acid binding 40.463% and glucose control (in vitro). In line with these results, we evaluated the in vivo anti-inflammatory potential, that is, myeloperoxidase activity and reduction in MDA and NO; protective effect on proteins and keeping viscosity within normal range exhibited improvement. Also, the in vivo cholesterol binding and reduction in the skin thickness byβ-glucan were highly encouraging. Finally, our results confirmed that yeastβ-glucan is effective against some of the inflammatory and oxidative stress markers studied in this investigation. In general, the effect of 4% β-glucan was more noticeable versus 2% β-glucan. Therefore, our results support the utilization ofβ-glucan as a novel, economically cheap, and functional food ingredient.

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Modulatory effect of three probiotic strains on infants’ gut microbial composition and immunological parameters on a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised study

Beneficial Microbes ◽

10.3920/bm2017.0132 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 573-584 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. De Andrés ◽

S. Manzano ◽

C. García ◽

J.M. Rodríguez ◽

I. Espinosa-Martos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Placebo Group ◽

Bifidobacterium Longum ◽

Intervention Period ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Immunological Parameters ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Faecal Samples ◽

Wide Range ◽

Probiotic Strains ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in gastrointestinal health. Current use of probiotics is aimed at modulating the bacterial gut composition to alleviate specific diseases. The safety and tolerance of three probiotic strains (Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis R0033, Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium bifidum R0071) has recently been described. The objective of the present study was to analyse the microbiological composition and immunological parameters of faecal samples obtained from healthy infants from 3 to 12 months of age after receiving either one of the three probiotic strains or placebo for 8 weeks. 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and multiplexing technology was used for analysis. Faecal sample analysis showed that the most abundant genus in all four groups of infants pre- and post-intervention was Bifidobacterium, representing approximately 50% of the sequences. After the intervention period the microbial composition of faecal samples in the probiotic groups did not display notable changes. In contrast, a decrease in different Bifidobacterium species, such as B. bifidum and Bifidobacterium breve and an increase in Bacteroides, Blautia, Clostridium, Coprococcus and Faecalibacterium genera was observed in the placebo group. The analysis of a wide range of immune factors in faecal samples suggests a modulatory effect by these three probiotic strains during the intervention period. The anti-inflammatory ratio interleukin (IL)-10/IL-12 increased at the end of the intervention period in the B. infantis R0033 group while the TNF-α/IL-10 ratio increased in the L. helveticus R0052 group. The decrease of the IL-10/IL-12 ratio together with the increase of the tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)/IL-10 ratio demonstrated a pro-inflammatory profile in the placebo group. In conclusion, the species profile of the microbiome observed in all three probiotic groups resembled that of a younger infant, similar to an unweaned infant, when compared to the placebo group which may also be related with an anti-inflammatory effect.

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Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Plant Derived Natural Products – A Systematic Review

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867325666190523123357 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (24) ◽

pp. 4506-4536 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Iris E. Allijn ◽

René P. Brinkhuis ◽

Gert Storm ◽

Raymond M. Schiffelers

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Natural Products ◽

Positive Control ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Reference Compound ◽

Individual Molecular Species ◽

The Past ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

The Individual ◽

Natural Medicines

Traditionally, natural medicines have been administered as plant extracts, which are composed of a mixture of molecules. The individual molecular species in this mixture may or may not contribute to the overall medicinal effects and some may even oppose the beneficial activity of others. To better control therapeutic effects, studies that characterized specific molecules and describe their individual activity that have been performed over the past decades. These studies appear to underline that natural products are particularly effective as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. In this systematic review we aimed to identify potent anti-inflammatory natural products and relate their efficacy to their chemical structure and physicochemical properties. To identify these compounds, we performed a comprehensive literature search to find those studies, in which a dose-response description and a positive control reference compound was used to benchmark the observed activity. Of the analyzed papers, 7% of initially selected studies met these requirements and were subjected to further analysis. This analysis revealed that most selected natural products indeed appeared to possess anti-inflammatory activities, in particular anti-oxidative properties. In addition, 14% of the natural products outperformed the remaining natural products in all tested assays and are attractive candidates as new anti-inflammatory agents.

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Upcoming Drifts In Bio-Similars

Current Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1574884715666200507131943 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Geeta Aggarwal ◽

Manju Nagpal ◽

Ameya Sharma ◽

Vivek Puri ◽

Gitika Arora Dhingra

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Market Competition ◽

Current Status ◽

Medicinal Products ◽

The Past ◽

Biologic Activity ◽

Emerging Trends ◽

Regulatory Guidelines ◽

Food Drug Administration ◽

Insight Into

Background: Biopharmaceuticals such as Biologic medicinal products have been in clinical use over the past three decades and have benefited towards the therapy of degenerative and critical metabolic diseases. It is forecasted that market of biologics will be going to increase at a rate of 20% per year, and by 2025, more than ˃ 50% of new drug approvals may be biological products. The increasing utilization of the biologics necessitates for cost control, especially for innovators products that have enjoyed a lengthy period of exclusive use. As the first wave of biopharmaceuticals is expired or set to expire, it has led to various opportunities for the expansion of bio-similars i.e. copied versions of original biologics with same biologic activity. Development of biosimilars is expected to promote market competition, meet worldwide demand, sustain the healthcare systems and maintain the incentives for innovation. Methods: Appraisal of published articles from peer reviewed journals, PubMed literature, latest news and guidelines from European Medicine Agency, US Food Drug Administration (FDA) and India are used to identify data for review. Results: Main insight into the quality requirements concerning biologics, current status of regulation of biosimilars and upcoming challenges lying ahead for the upgrading of marketing authorization of bio-similars has been incorporated. Compiled literature on therapeutic status, regulatory guidelines and the emerging trends and opportunities of biosimilars has been thoroughly stated. Conclusion: Updates on biosimilars will support to investigate the possible impact of bio-similars on healthcare market.

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Ingestion of probiotic (Lactobacillus helveticus and Bifidobacterium longum) alters intestinal microbial structure and behavioral expression following social defeat stress

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83284-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Katherine A. Partrick ◽

Anna M. Rosenhauer ◽

Jérémie Auger ◽

Amanda R. Arnold ◽

Nicole M. Ronczkowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Stress ◽

Bifidobacterium Longum ◽

Social Defeat ◽

Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Social Avoidance ◽

Social Defeat Stress ◽

Microbial Structure ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Anti Inflammatory

AbstractSocial stress exacerbates anxious and depressive behaviors in humans. Similarly, anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors are triggered by social stress in a variety of non-human animals. Here, we tested whether oral administration of the putative anxiolytic probiotic strains Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175 reduces the striking increase in anxiety-like behavior and changes in gut microbiota observed following social defeat stress in Syrian hamsters. We administered the probiotic at two different doses for 21 days, and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed a shift in microbial structure following probiotic administration at both doses, independently of stress. Probiotic administration at either dose increased anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 compared to placebo. Surprisingly, probiotic administration at the low dose, equivalent to the one used in humans, significantly increased social avoidance and decreased social interaction. This behavioral change was associated with a reduction in microbial richness in this group. Together, these results demonstrate that probiotic administration alters gut microbial composition and may promote an anti-inflammatory profile but that these changes may not promote reductions in behavioral responses to social stress.

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Chronic High Fat Diet Intake Impairs Hepatic Metabolic Parameters in Ovariectomized Sirt3 KO Mice

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22084277 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

pp. 4277

Author(s):

Marija Pinterić ◽

Iva I. Podgorski ◽

Marijana Popović Hadžija ◽

Ivana Tartaro Bujak ◽

Ana Tadijan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽

Metabolic Stress ◽

Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽

Ros Scavenging ◽

High Fat ◽

Preclinical Research ◽

Female Mice

High fat diet (HFD) is an important factor in the development of metabolic diseases, with liver as metabolic center being highly exposed to its influence. However, the effect of HFD-induced metabolic stress with respect to ovary hormone depletion and sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) is not clear. Here we investigated the effect of Sirt3 in liver of ovariectomized and sham female mice upon 10 weeks of feeding with standard-fat diet (SFD) or HFD. Liver was examined by Folch, gas chromatography and lipid hydroperoxide analysis, histology and oil red staining, RT-PCR, Western blot, antioxidative enzyme and oxygen consumption analyses. In SFD-fed WT mice, ovariectomy increased Sirt3 and fatty acids synthesis, maintained mitochondrial function, and decreased levels of lipid hydroperoxides. Combination of ovariectomy and Sirt3 depletion reduced pparα, Scd-1 ratio, MUFA proportions, CII-driven respiration, and increased lipid damage. HFD compromised CII-driven respiration and activated peroxisomal ROS scavenging enzyme catalase in sham mice, whereas in combination with ovariectomy and Sirt3 depletion, increased body weight gain, expression of NAFLD- and oxidative stress-inducing genes, and impaired response of antioxidative system. Overall, this study provides evidence that protection against harmful effects of HFD in female mice is attributed to the combined effect of female sex hormones and Sirt3, thus contributing to preclinical research on possible sex-related therapeutic agents for metabolic syndrome and associated diseases.

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Efficacy of Posidonia oceanica Extract against Inflammatory Pain: In Vivo Studies in Mice

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md19020048 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Laura Micheli ◽

Marzia Vasarri ◽

Emanuela Barletta ◽

Elena Lucarini ◽

Carla Ghelardini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Pain ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Posidonia Oceanica ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽

Intraplantar Injection ◽

Hot Plate Test ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile is traditionally used for its beneficial properties. Recently, promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory biological properties emerged through studying the in vitro activity of the ethanolic leaves extract (POE). The present study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic role of POE in mice. Inflammatory pain was modeled in CD-1 mice by the intraplantar injection of carrageenan, interleukin IL-1β and formalin. Pain threshold was measured by von Frey and paw pressure tests. Nociceptive pain was studied by the hot-plate test. POE (10–100 mg kg−1) was administered per os. The paw soft tissue of carrageenan-treated animals was analyzed to measure anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. POE exerted a dose-dependent, acute anti-inflammatory effect able to counteract carrageenan-induced pain and paw oedema. Similar anti-hyperalgesic and anti-allodynic results were obtained when inflammation was induced by IL-1β. In the formalin test, the pre-treatment with POE significantly reduced the nocifensive behavior. Moreover, POE was able to evoke an analgesic effect in naïve animals. Ex vivo, POE reduced the myeloperoxidase activity as well as TNF-α and IL-1β levels; further antioxidant properties were highlighted as a reduction in NO concentration. POE is the candidate for a new valid strategy against inflammation and pain.

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