scholarly journals Newcomer families' experiences with programs and services to support early childhood development in Canada: A scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-215
Author(s):  
Alison Brown ◽  
Jessie-Lee D McIsaac ◽  
Sarah Reddington ◽  
Taylor Hill ◽  
Susan Brigham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Intercultural Understanding ◽  
Newcomer Families

It can be difficult for families with young children to navigate early childhood development supports. In particular, newcomer families often encounter additional barriers and require resources, programs, and services that are tailored to their unique assets, experiences, and needs. We conducted a scoping review of the literature published between 2000 and 2019 to explore what is known about newcomer families’ experiences with programs and services to support early childhood development in Canada. We searched 12 databases, screened 2390 articles, and included 34 articles for synthesis and analysis. Three common and connected themes were identified: 1) effective intercultural understanding, responsiveness, and communication are critical to ensuring full access to meaningful programs and services; 2) some newcomer families face systemic barriers exacerbated by their immigration status, and; 3) feelings and perceptions of families and service providers, as well as social supports, networks, and relationships influence how programs and services are accessed and experienced. Our review identifies the requirement for additional, participatory research that centres the voices and perspectives of newcomer children and their families and the need to expand that research to less populated and rural areas of the country to inform meaningful and culturally relevant policies, programs, and services for newcomer families to support their children’s well-being.

scholarly journals Literature Review on Policies to Support Early Childhood Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laudine Carbuccia
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Formal Care ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Third ◽  
Barriers To Access ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Key Dimensions

The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of what we know as scientists about the developmental dimensions in early childhood that are particularly predictive of academic achievement and future well-being, the effect of formal child care on development and the barriers to access, and the interventions that can be made with parents to support their development, always with particular attention to the impacts on inequalities of outcomes. It consists of 4 chapters, each of which is the result of a systematic review of the literature. The first chapter will provide a conceptual map of the different dimensions that appear in the literature as particularly important for child development. These dimensions will then serve as a methodological grid for two of the other three chapters, which will systematically refer to them. The second chapter will focus on the effects of formal childcare arrangements on children's development. The third chapter will discuss the barriers to accessing these different forms of formal care, as well as the interventions that can be made to overcome these barriers. Finally, the last chapter will focus on the primary mode of care for children, namely their families. This will be a review of interventions that improve their child's development in each of the key dimensions identified in the first chapter.

Parents and Technology

2019 ◽  
pp. 610-641
Author(s):  
Sean W. Mulvenon ◽  
Sandra G. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Resource Model ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Parents And Technology

The use of technology to improve the health and nutrition outcomes of children has been improving in recent years with many resources available online. Additionally, the expansion and continued growth of the Internet allows a method of access to information that transcends the traditional geographical obstacles in providing educational resources to parents in rural communities. A review of research and resources online to support parents with early childhood development is presented. A challenge identified in use of technology is the “silo” mentality of resources and the integration of education, health, nutrition, and social well-being information as a single resource for parents. Based on the research a comprehensive resource model is presented that integrates essential maturational and academic development for children. Additionally, the use for improved metrics and their development is provided.

scholarly journals Local Housing Characteristics Associated with Early Childhood Development Outcomes in Australian Disadvantaged Communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1719
Author(s):  
Karen Villanueva ◽  
Hannah Badland ◽  
Robert Tanton ◽  
Ilan Katz ◽  
Sally Brinkman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Housing Characteristics ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Objectively Measured

Disadvantaged communities tend to have poorer early childhood development outcomes. Access to safe, secure, and stable housing is a well-known social determinant of health but there is a need to examine key features of neighbourhood housing that reduce early childhood development inequities. The 2012 Australian Early Development Census (AEDC), a population-wide measure of early childhood development, and the Australian Bureau of Statistics Socio-economic Index for Areas Index of Relative Socio-economic Disadvantage were used to select fourteen disadvantaged local communities in five Australian states and territories based on those performing better (off-diagonal), or as expected (on-diagonal) on the AEDC relative to their socio-economic profile. Between 2015–2017, qualitative and quantitative housing data were collected in the local communities. In total, 87 interviews with stakeholders, 30 focus groups with local service providers and parents, and Australian Census dwelling information were analysed. A comparative case study approach was used to examine differences in housing characteristics (e.g., public housing, density, affordability, and tenure) between disadvantaged local communities performing ‘better than expected’ and ‘as expected’ on early childhood development. Perceived better housing affordability, objectively measured housing tenure (ownership) and perceived and objectively measured lower-density public housing were housing characteristics that emerged as points of difference for disadvantaged local communities where children had relatively better early childhood development outcomes. These characteristics are potential modifiable and policy sensitive housing levers for reducing early childhood development inequities.

scholarly journals Informal community-based early childhood development as a focus for urban public theology in South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Van der Walt ◽  
Ignatius Swart ◽  
Stephan De Beer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Public Theology ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Informal Community

This article highlights important dimensions of public theology and shows how the identified dimensions are relevant to the specific situation of informal early childhood development (ECD) facilities in a South African urban setting. The article considers the contributions and challenges of informal community-based ECD on the basis of research conducted in the Rustenburg/Phokeng area of the North West province of South Africa. It critically discusses the sociocultural discourses and legislation regulating ECD centres, by focusing on the constraints put on informal ECD service providers. It concludes by considering ways in which urban public theology should act to serve, strengthen and advocate this vitally important, yet informal, sector.

scholarly journals MENCERDASKAN ANAK BANGSA MELALUI PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Zaenab ◽  
I Nyoman Sueca
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Early Childhood Learning

<p>Abstract<br />Government policy in a program with education care, and early childhood development (PAUD) as a concrete manifestation of the government’s commitment is in the document “National Program for Indonesian Children (PNBAI). The important value of early childhood (early childhood) period for the growth and development ofchildren in the future, is increasingly realized by parents. This growing awareness raises an escalation of interest for quality early childhood education that can meet their expectations. The intelligence that occurs in children, cognitive theory and psychoanalytic theory is very important in supporting children play a reference in determining the stage of child development in terms of cognitive, afktif, psikomotorik, language, and social emotional. Early childhood learning approach as the main arena in instilling knowledge of Indonesian children aged 4-5 years is done with various setrategi as a skill in mengartur appropriate learning, in order to achieve maximum results which is the hope of society. In some rural communities, many still do not take advantage of their early childhood education opportunities, many factors affect the economy, parents, and the distance to school. During this education from tingkan PAUD to kindergarten in rural areas almost mostly built by the party suwasta in the form of the foundation. This is something that needs to get the attention of the central government to the district level.<br /> <br />Keywords: To hatch the nation’s children<br />Abstrak<br />Kebijakan pemerintah dalam sebuah program dengan pengasuhan pendidikan, dan pengembangan anak usia dini (PAUD) sebagai wujud nyata komitmen pemerintah adalah yang temuat dalam dokumen berupa “Program Nasional Bagi Anak Indonesia (PNBAI). Nilai penting periode anak usia dini (PAUD) bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak dimasa yang akan datang, semakin disadari oleh orang tua. Kesadaran yang terus tumbuh tersebut menimbulkan eskalasi/pertambahan minat terhadap pendidikan anak usia dini yang berkualitas yang bisa memenuhi harapan mereka. Kecerdasan yang terjadi pada anak-anak, teori kognitif dan teori psikoanalitis sangat penting dalam menunjang main anak menjadi acuan dalam menentukan tahap perkembangan anak baik dari segi kognitif, afktif, fisikomotorik, bahasa, maupun sosial emosional. Pendekatan pembelajaran anak usia dini sebagai ajang utama dalam penanamkan pengetahuan terhadap anak Indonesia yang berumur 4-5 tahun dilakukan dengan berbagai setrategi sebagai sebuah ketrampilan dalam mengartur pembelajaran yang sesuai, agar mencapai hasil maksimal yang merupakan harapan masyarakat. Di beberapa masyarakat daerah pedesaan masih banyak belum memanfaatkan kesempatannya untuk membeikan pendidikan usia dini terhadap anak-anak mereka, hal ini banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi misalkan, ekonomi, kesibukan orang tua maupun jarak</p>

A Rights-Based Approach to Child Poverty Measurement and Child Rights Realisation in Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-198
Author(s):  
Anthony Shuko Musiwa
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Child Poverty ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Poverty Measurement ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Child Rights

Abstract Against the context of limited research in Zimbabwe on rights-focused child poverty research, policy and practice, this study employs the Bristol Approach to measure the extent and relationship with gender and location, respectively, of child poverty among children aged five years and below (N = 6418). Using Zimbabwe’s 2015 Demographic and Health Survey secondary data, 14 selected measures are tested for validity, reliability and additivity. Severe deprivation estimates are developed, showing the commonest deprivation forms as early childhood development (78 per cent), water (46 per cent), healthcare (44 per cent), sanitation (40 per cent), shelter (30 per cent) and nutrition (13 per cent). While boys and girls are similarly severely deprived, children in rural areas are the most severely deprived. While all deprivations are non-significantly correlated with gender, most are significantly correlated with location. Overall, the study highlights the extreme nature of child rights violations caused by poverty in Zimbabwe, and how rights-based child poverty measurement can better inform policy and practice responses.

scholarly journals Multisector governance for nutrition and early childhood development: overlapping agendas and differing progress in Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (Suppl 4) ◽  
pp. e000678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehla Zaidi ◽  
Zulfiqar Bhutta ◽  
Syed Shahzad Hussain ◽  
Kumanan Rasanathan
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Capacity Constraints ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Tracking Systems ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Policy Window ◽  
Policy Windows ◽  
Document Review

This paper compares the policy trajectories of Nutrition and Early Childhood Development (ECD) in Pakistan, identifying enablers that led to better multisector progress for Nutrition over ECD. Specifically, it deliberates on (1) multisector policy adoption in terms of instigation, construct and stakeholder coalitions; and (2) horizontal coordination in terms of capacity, incentives and structures. The analysis builds on existing work of the authors, supplementing this with further document review and expert insights. Nutrition and ECD initiatives in Pakistan, while overlapping agendas, differed in terms of buy-in and structural grounding. A favourable policy window for Nutrition was successfully managed through coordinated advocacy, programmatic support and investment in networks, while capture of policy opportunities was not seen in case of ECD. A vague construct for ECD confined its activities narrowly to the education sector while a Nutrition discourse specifying roles for other sectors resulted in a broader coalition and expanded activities. Both Nutrition and ECD faced powerful disincentives to coordination, but Nutrition overcame this through cofinancing of different sectors and creation of structural platform in supraplanning ministries. Both Nutrition and ECD share common capacity constraints for horizontal coordination, raising concerns for effective implementation. We conclude that multisector action for child well-being requires deliberative action and investment to unlock opportunities. The analysis from Pakistan highlights four governance areas for progressing multisector action: (1) opportune management of policy windows; (2) a clear and inclusive menu of actions for stakeholder coalitions; (3) availability of cofinancing and structural platforms for catalysing coordination; and (4) investment in horizontally placed human resource and integrated tracking systems.

scholarly journals Green space and early childhood development: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zahirul Islam ◽  
Jessika Johnston ◽  
Peter D. Sly
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being

AbstractBackgroundThe urban environment presents significant health challenges for children, such as discouraging physical exercise and increasing exposure to air pollution, excessive noise and higher temperatures. Reducing exposures to these negative environmental factors can have great benefits on a child’s well-being and lower their risk of developing chronic diseases later in life. There is increasing evidence that suggests that the presence of urban green space can offer benefits to human health and well-being. While studies have reported the impact green space exposure has on the individual health outcomes of children, few have paid attention to the link between green space and the child’s development. This review aims to synthesise the evidence of the effect green space exposure has on early childhood development.ObjectivesTo explore the relationship between green space and early childhood development.MethodsAn online search was conducted using pre-identified keywords related to green space and early childhood development using search engines such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, MeSH and PsycINFO. Peer-reviewed papers published in the past 10 years were included in this review. Papers were selected, extracted, analysed and interpreted based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.ResultsFifty-one papers were identified, of which 28 were excluded due to duplications or irrelevance, yielding a total of 23 papers to be reviewed. Articles were categorised based on reported outcomes: perinatal health, physical health, psychological health and respiratory health. An increase in green space during pregnancy was associated with increased birth weight and a decreased risk for low birth weight (LBW). Further, higher greenness exposure during childhood was associated with increased levels of physical activity and a lower risk of obesity and neurodevelopmental issues such as inattentiveness. While green space exposure was negatively associated with wheezing and bronchitis in some cohorts, certain plant species increase asthmatic symptoms during childhood, indicating that plant species type is an important determinant.ConclusionThe extant literature on green space exposure and early childhood development is small. Regardless, the existing research provides promising insights into the benefits of green space exposure on children’s health and well-being in an ever-increasing urban world. Further research is needed on the causal relationships between both quantity and quality of green space to early childhood development.

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