Phytochemical Profile and Total Antioxidant Capacity of Sempervivum ruthenicum Koch Hydroethanolic Extract

The scope of this work is a phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity assay of a Sempervivum ruthenicum Koch hydroethanolic extract. The hydroethanolic extract was prepared from the dried leaves of the plant by maceration in a water and methanol mixture (50:50 v/v). The total phenolic content of the extract was calculated to be 3.0501�0.0272 mg/mL and the total flavonoid content was determined in a concentration of 3.113�0.0394 mg/mL. The HPLC-DAD analysis revealed phenolic acids and flavonoids, which were quantified. The most prevalent phenolic acids in the extracts were gallic and ellagic acids, with concentrations of 1.2443�0.0475 mg/mL, respectively 0.6339�0.0026 mg/mL. The heteroside astragalin was present in high concentration of 1.1934�0.0754 mg/mL. The DPPH free radical scavenging assay revealed the EC50 value of the extract to be 2.5788�0.003 mg/mL. These results suggest a good scavenging ability of the extract, which is due to the abundance of polyphenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity of the extract demonstrates a high scavenging ability at low doses. Sempervivum ruthenicum Koch shows a promising phytochemical profile that suggests it�s use in pathological conditions that involve high oxidative stress.

Download Full-text

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential of Sideritis niveotomentosa: Endemic Wild Species of Turkey

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26092420 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 2420

Author(s):

Ela Nur Şimşek Şimşek Sezer ◽

Tuna Uysal

Keyword(s):

Cell Lines ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Scavenging Effect ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Total Antioxidant

Sideritis niveotomentosa Hub. -Mor. is a local endemic species belonging to the Lamiaceae family. In this study, GC/MS analysis, total antioxidant capacity and anticancer effects of different extracts obtained from S. niveotomentosa were investigated comparatively. Total phenolic contents of extracts were determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, total flavonoid contents by aluminum chloride method, and also the free radical scavenging activities of the extracts by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) assay. The cytotoxic effect of the extracts was studied via MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay on DLD1, HL60 and ARH77 cell lines. Pro-apoptotic gene expression levels were also tested in the most sensitive cell line ARH77 by Real-Time PCR. The expression levels of 4 pro-apoptotic genes, APAF, BAX, CASP3, and HRK were found to be upregulated in ARH77 cells that were treated extracts. Results showed that methanolic extracts contain more phenolic content than acetone extracts, consistent with DPPH results. As a result, Sideritis niveotomentosa extracts, especially methanolic extracts, are rich in phenolic content and have a strong radical scavenging effect. In addition, the extracts showed selective effects on cell lines. This study is pioneering in terms of future studies, and the findings provide hope for future experimentation.

Download Full-text

Variation in antioxidant activity at two ripening stages of wild mango, Spondias pinnata (L.f.) Kurz., an underutilized fruit

Plant Science Today ◽

10.14719/pst.2020.7.4.863 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Bince Mani ◽

Sinjumol Thomas

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Antioxidant Activity ◽

Plant Origin ◽

Nitric Oxide Radical ◽

Total Antioxidant

Antioxidant compounds play a significant role in preventing and scavenging free-radicals by reducing oxidative stress and providing protection to humans against degenerative diseases and infections. Obviously, antioxidant molecules of plant origin are pivotal to combat the oxidative harm in cells. Present work intended to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the fruits of Spondias pinnata. Methanol extracts of the fruits at two stages of maturity were prepared and investigated by various antioxidants analyses such as total antioxidant activity, reducing power and radical scavenging assays (DPPH, nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide). Its total phenol, flavonoid and tannin contents were also determined. Spondias pinnata fruit extracts exhibited effective antioxidant activity and its IC50 values of the unripe fruits were 65, 66, 72.23, 83.25, 66.75 ?g/ml and ripe fruits were 124.24, 92.50, 97.66, 144.10, 72.25 ?g/ml, for total antioxidant activity, reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging, nitric oxide radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays respectively. The extracts, especially unripe fruit extract had good amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid contents which might contribute the antioxidant activities considerably. It is evident from the study that the fruits of S. pinnata possessed potent antioxidant activity and it can be considered as a good dietary choice among the underutilized fruits as well as common fruits. Therefore, wild mango may be a good choice of antioxidants of plant origin for dietary and pharmaceutical uses.

Download Full-text

LC-ESI-QTOF/MS Characterization of Phenolic Compounds from Medicinal Plants (Hops and Juniper Berries) and Their Antioxidant Activity

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9010007 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jiafei Tang ◽

Frank R. Dunshea ◽

Hafiz A. R. Suleria

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

High Concentration ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Pharmaceutical Industries

Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) and juniper berries (Juniperus communis L.) are two important medicinal plants widely used in the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries due to their strong antioxidant capacity, which is attributed to the presence of polyphenols. The present study is conducted to comprehensively characterize polyphenols from hops and juniper berries using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray-ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF/MS) to assess their antioxidant capacity. For polyphenol estimation, total phenolic content, flavonoids and tannins were measured, while for antioxidant capacity, three different antioxidant assays including the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant assay, the 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation decolorization assay and the ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP) assay were used. Hops presented the higher phenolic content (23.11 ± 0.03 mg/g dw) which corresponded to its strong antioxidant activity as compared to the juniper berries. Using LC-ESI-QTOF/MS, a total of 148 phenolic compounds were tentatively identified in juniper and hops, among which phenolic acids (including hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids and hydroxyphenylpropanoic acids) and flavonoids (mainly anthocyanins, flavones, flavonols, and isoflavonoids) were the main polyphenols, which may contribute to their antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, the HPLC quantitative analysis showed that both samples had a high concentration of phenolic acids and flavonoids. In the HPLC quantification, the predominant phenolic acids in hops and juniper berries were chlorogenic acid (16.48 ± 0.03 mg/g dw) and protocatechuic acid (11.46 ± 0.03 mg/g dw), respectively. The obtained results highlight the importance of hops and juniper berries as a rich source of functional ingredients in different food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries.

Download Full-text

Fatty Acids, Tocopherols, and Phytosterol Composition of Seed Oil and Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Fresh Seeds from Three Dalbergia Species Grown in Vietnam

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8050542 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 542

Author(s):

Thi Thuy Nguyen ◽

Lan Phuong Doan ◽

Thu Huong Trinh Thi ◽

Hong Ha Tran ◽

Quoc Long Pham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Sterol Composition ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Seed Oils ◽

Free Radical Scavenging Assay ◽

Phytosterol Composition

This research aimed to investigate the chemical composition of seed oils extracted from three Vietnamese Dalbergia species (D. tonkinensis, D. mammosa, and D. entadoides). The fatty acid profiles and contents of tocopherols and sterols of the seed oils, and total phenolic compounds extracted from the fresh seeds were characterized using different methods. Among the examined samples, D. tonkinensis seed oils showed high contents of linoleic acid (64.7%), whereas in D. mammosa, oleic acid (51.2%) was predominant. In addition, α- and γ-tocopherol and β-sitosterol were major ingredients in the seed oils, whereas ferulic acid and rosmarinic acid are usually predominant in the seeds of these species. Regarding sterol composition, the D. entadoides seed oil figured for remarkably high content of Δ5,23-stigmastadienol (1735 mg/kg) and Δ7-stigmastenol (1298 mg/kg). In addition, extracts with methanol/water (80:20, v/v) of seeds displayed significant in vitro antioxidant activity which was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging assay.

Download Full-text

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND TOTAL POLYPHENOLICS CONTENT OF ESSENTIAL OIL, METHANOL EXTRACT AND METHANOL FRACTIONS FROM COMMELINA NUDIFLORA

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i8.25922 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 36 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Muhammad Dawood Shah ◽

Mohammad Iqbal

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Palmitic Acid ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Hexadecanoic Acid ◽

Methanol Extracts

Objective: In the present study, the essential oil, methanol extract, and methanol fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) obtained from Commelina nudiflora were investigated for the free radical scavenging effects and phytochemical analysis.Methods: The antioxidative effect of the essential oil, methanol extracts and methanol fractions were evaluated using 2, 2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Total phenolic and ﬂavonoid contents were determined using Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride reagents respectively. The phytochemical analyses of the essential oil, methanol extracts and methanol fractions were performed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GCMS). Results: The antioxidant, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of butanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions were higher followed by methanol extract, hexane fraction and essential oil. Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of alkaloid, saponin, steroid, phytosterols, triterpenoids and tannins etc. The identified bioactive constituents of essential oil, methanol extract and methanol fractions of C. nudiflora were indole, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-pentadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl, phenol, benzyl alcohol, eugenol, phenol, 2, 4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl), hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (palmitic acid ester), n-hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid), 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid, (linoleic acid) and phytol. All identified bioactive compounds and their derivatives were generally reported with antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties.Conclusion: The obtained data suggest that the essential oil, methanol extract and methanol fractions of C. nudiflora possess remarkable antioxidant activities and vital phytochemicals. Thus the plant can be a utilized as a potential source of nutraceutical with antioxidant activity.

Download Full-text

Studies on In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic Extract and Fractions of Ficus Hispida Lin. Fruits

Journal of Scientific Research ◽

10.3329/jsr.v8i3.26711 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 371-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. S. Hossain ◽

S. Parvin ◽

S. Dutta ◽

M. S. I. Mahbub ◽

M. E. Islam

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Ficus Hispida

The present study was designed to confirm the traditional use of the fruits of Ficus hispida Linn. (Moraceae) as an antioxidant agent. Fruits of the plant extracted with methanol and crude methanol extract (CME) were further fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. All the fractions, n-hexane (NHF), chloroform (CHF), ethyl acetate (EAF), aqueous (AQF) and CME were preliminary screened for in vitro antioxidant activity and total phenolic and total flavonoid content. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, CME exhibited highest scavenging activity (IC50 = 11.20 µg/mL) as compared to other fractions. In this assay, IC50 of reference standard BHT was 5.10 µg/mL. The reducing power of the samples was in the order as AQF > CME > CHF > EAF > NHF. The results for hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity indicated that CME, EAF and AQF had almost the same scavenging activity except NHF. Total antioxidant capacity of CME and other fractions were ranked as CHF > AQF > CME > EAF > NHF. In the assay of antioxidant constituents (total phenol and total flavonoids content), the CME had highest phenolic and flavonoids content. The results indicate that Ficus hispida fruits could be considered as a potential source of natural antioxidant.

Download Full-text

Antibacterial Potential of some Plant Extracts against Escherichia coli, along with its Phytochemical Analysis, Total Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Properties

International Journal of Plant and Environment ◽

10.18811/ijpen.v5i02.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (02) ◽

pp. 96-102

Author(s):

Pooja Singh ◽

Upma Srivastava

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phytochemical Analysis

In vitro antibacterial activity of 21 plant methanolic extracts were investigated by disc diffusion method against gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. Amongst the extracts tested, the Datura stramonium L. and Ocimum basilicum L. showed significant antibacterial activity against the bacterial pathogen. D. stramonium showed the highest antibacterial activity followed by O. basilicum extract. Phytochemical analysis of extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and phenols. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ABTS analysis of potent extract D. stramonium showed appreciable antioxidant activity. For DPPH and ABTS assay the highest antioxidant activity was observed at 60 mg ml-1 concentration with a percent inhibition of 71.66 and 77.19 with IC50 value 9.71 and 22.16 μg ml-1 respectively. Moreover, the radical scavenging activity of the extract was lower than that observed for the synthetic antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA )and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The total phenolic content of D. stramonium extract was found to be 0.592 mg GAE/gm which was assayed using Folin ciocalteau reagent. The results provide evidence that the extract of D. stramonium and O. basilicum can be further recommended in the treatment of the infections caused by E. coli; further D. stramonium is also a potential source of natural antioxidants.

Download Full-text

Essential oil and thymol of ajwain as effective antioxidant agents

Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops ◽

10.25081/josac.2019.v28.i2.6077 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 141-146

Author(s):

J Gaba ◽

S Sharma ◽

P Kaur ◽

S Joshi

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Spectral Techniques ◽

Antioxidant Agents ◽

Effective Antioxidant ◽

Total Antioxidant

Ajwain is an essential herbal plant with many health and medicinal values. Quantitative phytochemical analysis of ajwain was carried out to determine total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, saponins and tannin content. The phytochemical contents were in the order saponins > tannins > flavonoids > phenolics. Essential oil was extracted and chromatographed for the major constituent thymol which was further characterized with spectral techniques. Further, role of essential oil of ajwain seeds and its major compound thymol for antioxidant activity in respect of total antioxidant capacity and free radical scavenging potential were worked out. Out of thymol and ajwain oil, former was found to be more effective antioxidant at all tested concentrations. Inhibition concentrations (IC50) of oil, thymol and ascorbic acid were found to be 1.87, 1.46 and 0.01 mg mL-1, respectively. Results suggest that ajwain and thymol can be used as natural substitutes to synthetic antioxidants in preservation of various food products.

Download Full-text

Micronized Oat Husk: Particle Size Distribution, Phenolic Acid Profile and Antioxidant Properties

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14185443 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (18) ◽

pp. 5443

Author(s):

Dariusz Dziki ◽

Wojciech Tarasiuk ◽

Urszula Gawlik-Dziki

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Particle Size ◽

Particle Size Distribution ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Diffraction Method ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Oat Husk

Oat husk (OH; hull) is a by-product generated from oat processing and is rich in insoluble fibre and phenolic compounds. The aim of this work was to study the particle size distribution, antioxidant activity, and phenolic profile of micronized OH. For this purpose, the hull was first sterilized using superheated steam and was then ground using an impact classifier mill. The particle size distribution (PSD) of the ground husk was determined using the laser diffraction method and the parameters characterizing the PSD of the ground husk, and its antioxidant activity were calculated. In addition, UPLC-MS/MS analysis of phenolic acids was also performed. Micronization of the sterilized husk effectively decreased the size of the particles, and with the increasing speed of the rotor and classifier, the median size of the particles (d50) decreased from 63.8 to 16.7 µm. The following phenolic acids were identified in OH: ferulic, caffeic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, syringic, and synapic acid. Ferulic acid constituted about 95% of total phenolic acids. The antioxidant activity of the obtained extracts increased as the particle size of the micronized husk decreased. The highest half maximal inhibitory concentration (EC50 index) was found for chelating power, and the lowest was found in the case of radical scavenging activity against DPPH.

Download Full-text

Antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects of Iraqi sumac ( Rhus coriaria L)

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.10.3.921-933 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 921-933 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Rhus Coriaria ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽

Seed Extracts

This study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Iraqi sumac seeds (Rhus coriaria. L) (Anacardiaceae). Total phenolic compounds and flavoniods were determined in three different sumac seed extracts (SSE) (aqueous,ethanolic and methanolic extract). For extraction Antioxidant activity of SSE were evaluated by various antioxidant assays, including total antioxidant capacity, reducing power,by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, Hydroxyl radical scavenging, and metal ion chelating activities. These various antioxidant activities were compared with ascorbic acid as a standard antioxidant.The results showed that the three(SSE), contained large amounts of phenolic and flavoniods compounds. The results also showed that the three( SSEs ) have antioxidant activities , the methanolic (SSEs) contain larger amounts of phenolic and flavoniod compounds and have a higher antioxidant activities than that of aqueous or ethanolic (SSE).These results indicated that Iraqi aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Iraqi sumac in especial methanolic) SSE( are good scavengers for reactive oxygen species(ROS) and are a potential source of natural antioxidant, that may be used in pharmaceutical or food industry .

Download Full-text