scholarly journals Optimization of the Activated Carbon Preparation from Avocado Seeds, using the Response Surface Methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tagne Tiegam Rufis Fregue ◽  
Ioana Ionel ◽  
Anagho Solomon Gabche ◽  
Alin-Cristian Mihaiuti
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Activating Agent ◽  
Electronic Microscope ◽  
Significant Factors

Avocado seeds based activated carbon was prepared using chemical activation method which consisted of potassium hydroxide treatment. The main factors influencing the preparation of activated carbons at the calcination temperature, the concentration of the activating agent and the duration of calcination were investigated. One used as a mathematical model the response surface methodology to correlate the response. The significant factors identified by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) through the t-test, the Pareto diagram and the diagrams of surfaces. The optimum avocado seeds based activated carbon was obtained by using calcination temperature of 450 oC, concentration of activating agent of 0.3 mol/L and time of calcination of 3.0 h, which resulted to an avocado seed based activated carbon iodine number remove of 1142.1 mg/g and yield of 75.09 %, by mass. The best activated carbon obtained under the previous conditions and the raw biomass was characterized by Fourier transform infrared and Scanning Electronic Microscope.

Preparation of Activated Carbon from Durian Shell and Seed

2012 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 887-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Fikri Mokhtar ◽  
Erny Haslina Abd Latib ◽  
Suriati Sufian ◽  
Ku Zilati Ku Shaari
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Carbonization Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Carbonization Process ◽  
Duration Time ◽  
Activating Agent ◽  
Durian Seed

This study presents the preparation of activated carbon from durian shell (DShAC) and durian seed (DSeAC) based by chemical activation with potassium hydroxide (KOH) as an activating agent under the nitrogen flow. In order to find the optimum physical characteristics, variation in concentration of KOH, carbonization temperature and duration time was employed. The result shows that activated carbon from durian waste is a promising activated carbon as the highest yield was obtained from the carbonization process that occurs at 400C for four hours with the KOH concentration is 0.6 M.

Effect of Activation Agents on COD Reduction Using Activated Carbon from Agricultural Residue

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 453-458
Author(s):  
Mohd Zazmiezi Mohd Alias ◽  
Rozidaini Mohd Ghazi ◽  
Nik Raihan Nik Yusoff ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Jamaludin
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Koh Activation ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Residue ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Activating Agent

This study investigated the effect of activating agent on activated carbon preparation and potential chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction using activated carbons (AC) prepared. Zinc chloride, phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide were utilized in impregnation of bamboo and rice husk. Result of SEM-EDX, FTIR as well as COD reduction were compared and discussed. The SEM displayed highest porosity in AC using KOH activation. FTIR analysis displayed obvious difference for each activation. AC using KOH activation obtained highest COD reduction.

Application of response surface methodology to optimize the fabrication of ZnCl2-activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse for the removal of Cu2+

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 2047-2055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuan Van Tran ◽  
Quynh Thi Phuong Bui ◽  
Trinh Duy Nguyen ◽  
Van Thi Thanh Ho ◽  
Long Giang Bach
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Activation Temperature

The present study focused on the application of response surface methodology to optimize the fabrication of activated carbon (AC) from sugarcane bagasse for adsorption of Cu2+ ion. The AC was synthesized via chemical activation with ZnCl2 as the activating agent. The central composite design based experiments were performed to assess the individual and interactive effect of influential parameters, including activation temperature, ZnCl2 impregnation ratio and activation time on the AC yield and removal of Cu2+ ion from the aqueous environment. The statistically significant, well-fitting quadratic regression models were successfully developed as confirmed by high F- and low P-values (<0.0001), high correlation coefficients and lack-of-fit tests. Accordingly, the optimum AC yield and removal efficiency of Cu2+ were predicted, respectively, as 48.8% and 92.7% which were approximate to the actual values. By applying the predicted optimal parameters, the AC shows a surprisingly high surface area of around 1,500 m2/g accompanied by large pore volume and narrow micropore size at low fabrication temperature.

Production of Activated Carbon from Ligin: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology

2011 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 427-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jiang ◽  
Fei Ma ◽  
Ai Jun Gu ◽  
Li Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Optimum Response ◽  
Temperature Activation ◽  
Central Composite

Activated carbon（AC）were prepared from lignin by chemical activation with sodium hydroxide（NaOH）. The influence of activation temperature，activation time and impregnation ration on the BET surface areas were investigated. Based on the central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology(RSM)，the optimized technological parameters were as follows: temperature 751°C， time 57min and impregnation ration 2.06, BET surface areas was up to 1437.20 m2/g.The adequacy of the model equation for predicting the optimum response values was verified effectively by the validation.

scholarly journals Preparation of Activated Carbon from (Punica granatum .sp) Wood by Chemical Treatment Using Potassium Hydroxide.

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Mayada M . Ali1 ◽  
Firas E. Fatthee2 ◽  
Ahmed AbdulkarimThunoon3
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Activating Agent ◽  
Methylene Blue Number

In the present study, activated carbons were prepared from Punicagranatum .sp, using potassium hydroxide as activating agent. Punicagranatum .sp activated carbon(PGAC) was characterization using methylene blue number, iodine number and some physical properties such as humidity, ash content and density. The perfect measurement for this study was the proportion of (1:2.5)(wood : KOH) to give 560mg for iodine number and 67mg for methylene blue number which are good result.   http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.107

Cotton-based porous activated carbon with a large specific surface area as an electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (79) ◽  
pp. 64704-64710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guofu Ma ◽  
Dongyang Guo ◽  
Kanjun Sun ◽  
Hui Peng ◽  
Qian Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Large Specific Surface Area ◽  
Simple Chemical ◽  
Activating Agent ◽  
Porous Activated Carbon

Cotton-based porous activated carbons (CACs) are prepared through a simple chemical activation method using cotton fiber as carbon source and ZnCl2 as activating agent.

scholarly journals Improving the properties of activated carbons based on organoplastics by chemical activation with potassium hydroxide (KOH)

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
Kim Long Vu ◽  
◽  
Vitaly N. Klushin ◽  
Alexey V. Nistratov ◽  
Hoang Thi Tho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
Processing Wastes ◽  
Very High

The possibility of processing wastes based on organoplastics generated at aviation enterprises into activated carbons by chemical activation using potassium hydroxide has been investigated. Powdered and granular activated carbons with a porous structure, characterized by the predominance of micropores or mesopores, are obtained that are superior in many respects to both adsorbents based on organoplastics and most industrial active carbons. The specific surface area of micropores of the obtained granular activated carbons is 1716 m2/g, the absorption capacity is 365 mg/g for methylene blue and 1180 mg/g for iodine. The obtained granular activated carbons are characterized by a stable adsorption value of n-butanol (about 400 mg/g) during three successive adsorption-regeneration cycles. Desorption at 120±5 °C provides an almost complete restoration of the activity of this absorber, fundamentally allowing its multiple use in this technology. It is shown in the work that granular activated carbons of very high quality can be obtained by chemical activation with potassium hydroxide based on organoplastics wastes, the only drawback of which is, in essence, the relatively low (at 60%) abrasion resistance. The possibility of improving the quality properties of granular activated carbons by adding a small amount of carbon fiber (1% of the mass) as a reinforcing component in the process of granulation to raw paste was investigated. The specified method can significantly increase the strength of the granules in compression (about 3 times), while the adsorption properties of activated carbon are practically unchanged. The properties described above allow us to conclude that the obtained granular activated carbon is effective and highly competitive.

scholarly journals Removal of Various Contaminants by Highly Porous Activated Carbon Sorbent Derived from Agricultural Waste Produced in Malaysia - A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
N.Z. Zabi ◽  
W.N. Wan Ibrahim ◽  
N.S. Mohammad Hanapi ◽  
N. Mat Hadzir
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Carbon Sorbent ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Activating Agent ◽  
Highly Porous ◽  
Porous Activated Carbon

This paper aims to review recent studies in preparing activated carbons from different types of agricultural wastes in Malaysia and how it can help Malaysia manage agricultural waste. It can be seen that most biomasses can be used as precursors to produce activated carbon for a wide range of pollutants and this adsorbent can be modified to optimally function depending on the types of pollutants. Under optimum dosages, modification through chemical activation using acidic, basic, or drying agents has significant effects on the selectivity of the analyte adsorption. The acidic activating agent causes the activated carbon to have negatively charged acid groups which enable it to adsorb cationic adsorbate while the basic activating agent causes the adsorbent to have a positive surface charge and enable it to adsorb anionic adsorbate.

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