Chemical Copper Plating of Cotton Fabrics by Photochemical Activation of the Surface

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Malik Sataev ◽  
Shayzada Koshkarbaeva ◽  
Perizat Abdurazova ◽  
Almagul Kadirbaeva ◽  
Kalamkas Amanbaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Copper Chloride ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Copper Plating ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Copper Particles ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Solar Rays

Activation of the surface of cotton fabrics before chemical copper plating is proposed to be carried out by applying dispersed copper particles. For this purpose, physical and chemical processes that occur in thin layers of copper chloride solutions under the influence of electromagnetic solar rays of the visible spectrum are used. Initially, copper chlorides interact with cellulose, which is the main component of the tissue, and form copper monochloride. It is shown that this interaction is stimulated by solar rays. After that, the fabric is moistened with a solution of ascorbic acid and again exposed to sunlight. Under the action of photons of solar radiation, electrons in a semiconductor acquire additional energy and restore copper to the elemental state, and the vacancies formed are filled with electrons due to the oxidation of ascorbic acid. As a result of these processes, a film is formed on the surface of the tissue containing copper particles that can catalyze chemical copper plating.

scholarly journals Combined method of nickel plating of cotton fabrics

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Malik Sataev ◽  
Shayzada Koshkarbaeva ◽  
Kalamkas Amanbaeva ◽  
Perizat Abdurazova ◽  
Yerkebulan Raiymbekov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Nickel Plating ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Chemical Nickel ◽  
Copper Phosphide ◽  
Chemical Nickel Plating ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Physical And Chemical

To activate the surface of cotton fabrics before chemical nickel plating, it is proposed to use physical and chemical processes occurring in thin layers of solutions of copper (II) chloride under the influence of electromagnetic solar rays of the visible spectrum. It is shown that cellulose, which is the main component of the fabric, undergoes photo-oxidation in the presence of copper (II) chloride. As a result of this interaction, well-bonded copper monochloride is formed. When further processing of the fabric with phosphine gas, copper monochloride is transformed into copper and copper phosphide. Copper phosphide is a catalyst for the chemical nickel plating process. This makes it possible to obtain an electrically conductive nickel-phosphorus coating on the surface of the fabric in conventional electrolytes of chemical nickel plating. It is also found that when screening individual sections, the processes leading to the formation of copper monochloride do not occur. This allows selective metallization of the fabric.

scholarly journals THE USE OF CELLULOSE END LINKS TO ACTIVATE THE SURFACE OF COTTON FABRICS BEFORE CHEMICAL COPPER PLATING

REPORTS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (340) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
M. Sataev ◽  
Sh. Koshkarbaeva ◽  
P. Abdurazova ◽  
K. Amanbaeva ◽  
Y. Raiymbekov
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Copper Plating

Phantom Battery Pack for Destructive Testing of Li-Ion Batteries

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Francis ◽  
Ilya Avdeev ◽  
Calvin Berceau ◽  
Hugo Pires Lage Martins ◽  
Luke Steinbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Response ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Battery Pack ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
Separator Material ◽  
Main Component

The objective of this study is to find a structural alternative to jellyroll in order to safely conduct experimental crash testing of lithium-ion battery packs in academic laboratory environment. A procedure for lateral impact experiments has been developed and conducted on cylindrical cells and phantom cells using a flat rigid drop cart in a custom-built impact test apparatus. The main component of a cylindrical cell, jellyroll, is a layered spiral structure which consists of thin layers of electrodes and separator material. We investigate various phantom materials — candidates to replace the layered jellyroll with a homogeneous anisotropic material. During our experimentation with various phantom cells, material properties and internal geometries of additively manufactured components such as in-fill pattern, density and voids were adjusted in order to develop accurate deformation response. The deformation of the phantom cell was characterized and compared after impact testing with the actual lithium-ion cells. The experimental results were also compared with explicit simulations (LS-DYNA). This work shows progress toward an accurate and safe experimental procedure for structural impact testing on the entire battery pack consisting of thousands of volatile cells. Understanding battery and battery pack structural response can influence design and improve safety of electric vehicles.

scholarly journals Study on Drive System of Hybrid Tree Harvester

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shen Rong-feng ◽  
Zhang Xiaozhen ◽  
Zhou Chengjun
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Electric Motors ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Uneven Terrain ◽  
Ground Pressure ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Avl Cruise

Hybrid tree harvester with a 60 kW diesel engine combined with a battery pile could be a “green” forest harvesting and transportation system. With the new design, the diesel engine maintains a constant engine speed, keeping fuel consumption low while charging the batteries that drive the forwarder. As an additional energy saving method, the electric motors work as generators to charge the battery pile when the vehicle moves downhill. The vehicle is equipped with six large wheels providing high clearance over uneven terrain while reducing ground pressure. Each wheel is driven via a hub gear by its own alternating current motor, and each of the three wheel pairs can be steered independently. The combination of the diesel engine and six electric motors provides plenty of power for heavy lifting and pulling. The main component parameters of the drive system are calculated and optimized with a set of dynamics and simulated with AVL Cruise software. The results provide practical insights for the fuel tree harvester and are helpful to reduce the structure and size of the tree harvester. Advantage Environment provides information about existing and future products designed to reduce environmental impacts.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF POSSIBILITY OF USING CHEMICAL METHOD OF FINE METAL PARTICLES REDUCTION FOR BACTERICIDAL SORBENTS PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Еlena A. Farberova ◽  
Anastasia Yu. Katysheva ◽  
Elena A. Tingaeva ◽  
Sergey A. Smirnov ◽  
Andrey G. Starostin
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Active Carbon ◽  
Metal Particles ◽  
Carbon Fabric ◽  
Copper Particles ◽  
Bactericidal Properties ◽  
Fine Metal Particles ◽  
Fine Copper

The present paper is concerned with a research of sorption and bactericidal properties of the fine metal particles applied on the surface of active carbon fabric by chemical sedimentation method. The ascorbic acid and natrium borane were used in the study process as metals, copper and silver reducing agents. Influence of reducer and fine metal nature onto the porous structure, as well as bactericidal and sorption characteristics of obtained fibrous sorbent samples are shown. It is determined that use of ascorbic acid for synthesis of copper and silver fine particles on the active carbon fabrics surface leads to the considerable decrease in a specific surface and volumes of meso - and micropores of the obtained sorbent in comparison with initial active carbon fabric. When using the natrium borane as reducer of fine copper particles the decrease in a specific surface and volumes of sorption pores is also observed. However, when using the natrium borane, the active carbon fabric samples modified with silver particles or with their composition with fine copper particles, had the higher values of porous structure main characteristics in comparison with the initial active carbon fabric. The nature of distribution of fine metal particles at the active carbon fabric surface was investigated by the electronic microscopy method. It was found that during the chemical reduction process the particles of fine copper attached to active carbon fabric fibers, being almost evenly distributed at all surface of fabric. Particles of silver were located as crystal congestions along fibers. Sorption and bactericidal properties of the received samples of modified active carbon fabrics are investigated. Their high sensitivity to microorganism cells which remains during a long storage period is demonstrated. Herewith, the active carbon fabric, modified with particles of fine copper and silver, keeps high sorption properties.

Copper coated multifunctional cotton fabrics

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Ali ◽  
Vijay Baheti ◽  
Jiri Militky ◽  
Zaman Khan ◽  
Veronika Tunakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Copper Particles ◽  
Increase With Increase ◽  
In Situ Deposition ◽  
Scanning Electron

The present work deals with the development of electrically conductive cotton fabrics by in-situ deposition of copper particles. The dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction techniques were employed to study the morphology of deposited copper particles. The utility of conductive fabrics was analyzed for electromagnetic shielding ability over frequency range of 30 MHz to 1.5 GHz. The electromagnetic interference shielding was found to increase with increase in number of dips, which was attributed to increased reflection of EM waves due to dense, uniform, and percolated network of conductive copper particles on the surface. The sample produced from 100 and 150 dips exhibited the maximum shielding ability of 10 dB and 13 dB, respectively. Furthermore, the role of deposited copper particles on antibacterial properties was examined against pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The S. aureus showed more sensitivity towards copper particles as zone of inhibitions increased from 9.5 to 15.5 mm. At the end, the durability of fabrics was examined against washing after application of binder. The fabrics showed good retention of the copper particles, proved by scanning electron microscopic microstructures and small loss in the conductivity of the material after washing.

A NOVEL PREPARATION ROUTE FOR ELECTROLESS COPPER PLATING ON SURFACE OF CaCO3 POWDERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (05) ◽  
pp. 1850186
Author(s):  
ZHENMING CHEN ◽  
SHOUFA ZHOU ◽  
YAJUN ZHANG ◽  
MENGRU HUANG ◽  
LE WAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Volume Resistivity ◽  
Copper Plating ◽  
Electroless Copper Plating ◽  
Copper Particles ◽  
Electroless Copper ◽  
Preparation Route ◽  
Face Centered ◽  
The One

In this work, electroless copper plating on the surface of CaCO3 powders modified with hydrophobic and hydrophilic coating was developed in that order. It was found that the surface structure of modified CaCO3 powders could absorb Sn[Formula: see text] and then reduce Ag[Formula: see text]. The Ag atoms were used as catalysts for the electroless face-centered copper crystallites plating on the CaCO3 surface. The compact and uniform copper particles were plated on the CaCO3 surface. The plated coating has a two-layer structure. The size of copper particles in the first layer was around 20[Formula: see text]nm, the one in surface layer was around 100[Formula: see text]nm. The lowest volume resistivity of conductive coating was [Formula: see text].

Identification of an ascorbic acid metabolite among "uremic middle molecules"

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1369-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
P M Gallice ◽  
J P Monti ◽  
D L Braguer ◽  
H M Monti ◽  
R E Elsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Mass Range ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tubulin Polymerization ◽  
Acid Metabolite ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Middle Molecules ◽  
Microtubule Formation ◽  
Main Component

Abstract Among uremic toxins in the middle molecular mass range, 1H, 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance, ultraviolet spectrometry, and chromatographic analyses allow identification of the main component of the so-called "2-5-3 fraction" as ascorbic acid 2-sulfate, a conjugated metabolite of ascorbic acid. We previously (Clin Nephrol 1986;25:212-8) showed an inhibitory effect of the 2-5-3 fraction on microtubule formation. Therefore, we tested the action of ascorbic acid 2-sulfate and its synthetized enantiomers on tubulin polymerization. Because these molecules did not exert any inhibitory effect, we hypothesize that the 2-5-3 fraction is a mixture of compounds in which only a very low quantity of the inhibitory factor is present.

scholarly journals Multi-Scale Characterization of Unusual Green and Blue Pigments from the Pharaonic Town of Amara West, Nubia

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 2563-2579
Author(s):  
Kate Fulcher ◽  
Ruth Siddall ◽  
Trevor F. Emmett ◽  
Neal Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Copper Chloride ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Blue Pigment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Scale Characterization ◽  
Main Component

Pigments from paint palettes and a grindstone excavated from the pharaonic town of Amara West (c. 1300–1050 BCE), which lies between the Second and Third Cataracts of the Nile, were examined using polarized light microscopy, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Most of the pigments were consistent with the typical ancient Egyptian palette, but the greens and some blues were unusual. Two types of green pigment were identified, chlorite (varieties clinochlore and penninite) and copper chloride hydroxide (atacamite type). The former constitutes a type of green earth which has only rarely been identified in pharaonic Egyptian contexts and may be more widespread than is currently reported. The majority of the blue pigment samples were Egyptian blue, but some were found to be a blue earth, the main component of which being sodic amphibole riebeckite. The use of this mineral as a pigment has not previously been reported in any Nile Valley context. These results prompt questions around local and potentially indigenous practices within an ancient colonial context, and highlight avenues for future research.

Structural and Optical Characterization of Thermally Oxidized Titanium Thin Films Prepared by Ion Beam-assisted Deposition (IBAD) Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Film Structure ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Tio2 Thin Films ◽  
Structure Transition ◽  
Ion Beam Assisted Deposition ◽  
Titanium Thin Films

Abstract: Titanium oxide (TiO2) thin films have been grown by thermal oxidation of sputtered Titanium (Ti) thin layers using ion beam-assisted deposition (IBAD). X-ray diffraction showed that prior to oxidation, the films are composed of hexagonal crystallites of Ti. After oxidation, a film structure transition occurs from monoclinic β-TiO2 type to tetragonal anatase type as the annealing temperature of Ti layer is increased from 250 °C to 550 °C. The film thickness was about 230 nm. Visualization and scanning by atomic force microscope (AFM) revealed a low roughness of the samples, which increases when the annealing temperature is increased. The optical transmittances of the films in the visible spectrum were in the range of 85-95%. The values of optical band gap have been estimated to be 3.43 eV and 3.61 eV, for thin films annealed at 250°C and 550°C, respectively. Keywords: TiO2 thin film, IBAD, XRD, structural and optical properties.

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