Acculturation as an Instrument for Minimalization of Security Risks resulting From Immigration

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-102
Author(s):  
Rastislav Kazansky
Keyword(s):  
Human Security ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Acculturation Theory ◽  
Majority Population ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
School Concept ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Societal Sector

The paper focuses on various concepts deepening the term of „security“, on the Copenhagen school concept of societal sector of security, but also human security and the application of the acculturation theory. Human security is a concept, in which the deepening of contents of the term „security“ goes from a macro-level to a micro-level. The traditional concept of security takes into account only the state level and understands threats only to the state in itself, whereas human security redirects the attention towards the individual people. Societal sector, on the other hand, speaks of non-military threats to society and deepens the security concept even further. Based on the assumption, that the extent of risks to the receiving state depends on the effectiveness of incorporation of immigrants, the goal of the article is to apply the acculturation to the process of incorporation of immigrants into the majority population in order to minimize the negative impacts stemming from immigration.

scholarly journals Redefining Human Security The Case of Albania

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eglantina Farruku
Keyword(s):  
Human Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Common Definition ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual

This paper offers a critical study of the concept and issues of human security. Its usage, definition and applicability may differ since different authors explain issues related to security differently. Although there is still no common definition on what human security is, most authors agree that human security is related to individuals in terms of theirwellbeing. For too long, human security has been focused on the protection of state territory, regarded as the traditional perception of security. This kind of interpretation refers to a narrow security concept, not well constructed and incapable of addressing most of the important issues related to the security of the individual. The issue of security for a nation is quite different to the issue of security for individuals, because the first tends to protect the boundaries of the state where people live while the second aims to protect all human being from insecurities. Human security is a new challenge in today’s world; it presents new threats which are far away from the threats generated by the traditional concept of human security. The new concept of human security should be analysed in people’s daily lives, not in a country’s guns and weapons. To protect people’s lives means respecting all human rights prescribed in domestic law and international conventions; violating them means causing human insecurities and the failure of the state to fulfil its own responsibilities towards the law. Therefore, the protection and the welfare of the people should become first goal of the government. In cooperation with international organizations and NGOs, governments should find and promote appropriate policies to establish a political, economic and social security environment for all the people as citizens of that country.

scholarly journals German Adaptation of the Subjective Vitality Scales (SVS-G)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-75
Author(s):  
Alex Bertrams ◽  
Thomas H. Dyllick ◽  
Chris Englert ◽  
Ann Krispenz
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Individual Difference ◽  
State Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Subjective Vitality ◽  
Positive Feeling ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Correlated Factors

AbstractSubjective vitality is a positive feeling of aliveness and energy, and it is a crucial aspect of well-being. The Subjective Vitality Scales (SVS) have been developed to measure subjective vitality both at the individual difference level and the state level in English-speaking samples. We translated the SVS into German (the SVS-G) and examined their psychometric properties. In Study 1 (N=260), we found that two correlated factors (Factor 1: individual difference level; Factor 2: state level) with five items each constituted a useful structure for the SVS-G. Moreover, the scores on the individual difference scale were more stable than the scores on the state scale. We also found partial evidence for the measurement invariance over a period of three weeks. Conforming to our expectations, Study 2 (N=296) revealed that the SVS-G scores were related to positive and negative affect but could still be distinguished from the affect variables. In line with previous findings, Study 3 (N=203) showed that SVS-G scores are related to well-being variables (happiness and joviality) and the perceived capacity to actively perform effortful tasks (attentiveness and capacity for self-control). Across all the studies, the SVS-G showed satisfying inner consistency, and the two consideration levels (individual differences vs. state) could be differentiated. The initial evidence suggests that overall, the SVS-G have good psychometric properties.

Rosenau's adaptive behaviour approach – a critique

1981 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Smith
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Political System ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Adaptive Behaviour ◽  
Systemic Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Analysis

With the widespread usage of systems analysis in political science over the last twenty years it is axiomatic that the problem of adaptation has been a recurring theme in the literature. At the level of the individual political system this concern has been germane to the work of Easton, the structural functionalists and the developmental/modernization writers. In International Politics writing, the problem of adaptation is central to both the applications of systems theory, at whatever level of analysis (for example Kaplan, Rosecrance at the systemic level, and Hanrieder and Modelski at the state level) and the less overtly theoretical works which still emphasize the importance of a state adapting to its environment.

Foreign Policy and the Social Construction of State Identity

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Kowert
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
State Level ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The State ◽  
Foreign Policy Analysis ◽  
State Identity ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

Foreign policy analysis benefits from careful attention to state identity. After all, identity defines the field itself by making it possible to speak both of policies and of a domain that is foreign. For some scholars, identity has proven useful as a guide to agency and, in particular, to agent preferences. For others, identity has served as a guide to social or institutional structure. Theories of state identity can be divided into three categories: conditions internal to agents, social interactions among agents, and “ecological” encounters with a broader environment. Internal conditions refer to either processes or constraints that operate within the agent under consideration. In the case of the state, these may include domestic politics, the individual characteristics of citizens or other internal actors, and the collective attributes of these citizens or other actors. Although internal causes are not social at the state level, they nevertheless have social implications if they give rise to state identity, and they may themselves be social at a lower level. The social interactions of states themselves constitute a second source of identity, one that treats states as capable of interacting like persons. This approach essentially writes large social and psychological theories, replacing individuals with the state. Finally, the ecological setting or broader environment is a third possible source of identity. The environment may be material, ideational, or discursive, and treated as an objective or a subjective influence.

Critical human security studies

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDWARD NEWMAN
Keyword(s):  
International Security ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Human Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Critical Security Studies ◽  
External Threats ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distinct Approach

AbstractFrom a critical security studies perspective – and non-traditional security studies more broadly – is the concept of human security something which should be taken seriously? Does human security have anything significant to offer security studies? Both human security and critical security studies challenge the state-centric orthodoxy of conventional international security, based upon military defence of territory against ‘external’ threats. Both also challenge neorealist scholarship, and involve broadening and deepening the security agenda. Yet critical security studies have not engaged substantively with human security as a distinct approach to non-traditional security. This article explores the relationship between human security and critical security studies and considers why human security arguments – which privilege the individual as the referent of security analysis and seek to directly influence policy in this regard – have not made a significant impact in critical security studies. The article suggests a number of ways in which critical and human security studies might engage. In particular, it suggests that human security scholarship must go beyond its (mostly) uncritical conceptual underpinnings if it is to make a lasting impact upon security studies, and this might be envisioned as Critical Human Security Studies (CHSS).

scholarly journals ‘I have my everything in here’: Welcome, unwelcome and rewelcome in asylum seeker’s deportability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eveliina Lyytinen
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Immigration Status ◽  
The Individual

In this article, I analyse the intertwined concepts of hospitality and welcome and their negatives in the context of seeking asylum and deportation. I focus on the scales of individual and community welcome, but also reflect on welcome at the state level. The analysis considers the case of Zaki, a young Afghan man who migrated to Finland in 2015. Zaki experienced welcome, unwelcome and rewelcome in four different stages of migration: his arrival in Finland as an unaccompanied minor, going through the asylum process as an adult man, being deported to Afghanistan and re-entering Finland with an employment-related immigration status. These analytical stages provide a unique opportunity to both consider the politics of welcoming people at different scales and to repopulate the abstract discussions about welcome and hospitality. My analysis is focused on Zaki’s and his Finnish friends’ narration of hospitality and welcome during these four stages. The data used in the article includes interviews with Zaki and four local Finns with reference to deportation statistics, asylum policies and media coverage. This article answers the recent call to examine the lived experiences and perspectives of deportees and their communities and also to recentre the individual within the analysis of welcome.

HUMANITARIAN ASPECTS OF INFORMATION SECURITY. APPROACHES. DISCOURSE (PREQUEL)

2020 ◽  
pp. 585-596
Author(s):  
Петр Юрьевич Филяк ◽  
Виктория Вячеславовна Пименова ◽  
Александр Григорьевич Остапенко ◽  
Сергей Александрович Ермаков
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
External Information ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Individual

Настоящая статья посвящена информационной безопасности. Точнее, одной из составляющей понятия информационная безопасность, а если говорить более стандартизованно, то одному из ее аспектов, то есть выражаясь корректно, профессиональным языком (используя профессиональную стандартизованную терминологию) - «Гуманитарным аспектам информационной безопасности» (ГАИБ). Если говорить о ГАИБ, то рассмотрении этого термина необходимо начинать с макро уровня сферы информационной безопасности, то есть на уровне обеспечения информационной безопасности в масштабах государства. Если рассматривать информационную безопасность как состояние защищенности личности, общества и государства от внутренних и внешних информационных угроз, то в качестве целей и задач ГАИБ должны рассматриваться прежде всего защищенность как отдельной личности ( humanitas - гуманитарный ), так и всего социума, который и являет собой в итоге и общество и государство в целом, причем рассматривать ее с разных точек зрения ( аспектов ). Отсюда и происходит обозначенный выше термин - гуманитарные аспекты информационной безопасности (ГАИБ). Таковы исходные императивы при рассмотрении вопросов и проблем, затрагиваемых в рамках настоящей статьи. This article is devoted to information security., the term should be considered from the macro level of the information security sphere, that is, at the level of information security at the state level. If we consider information security as a state of protection of the individual, society and the state from internal and external information threats, then the objectives and objectives of the HAIS should be considered first of all the protection as an individual (humanitas - humanitarian) and the whole society, which is in the end both society and the state as a whole, and consider it from different points of view(aspects). Hence the term mentioned above - the humanitarian aspects of information security (HAIS). These are the initial imperatives in dealing with the issues and issues raised in this article.

Mechanism of International Legal Implementation for Human Security at the National Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Vadim Avdeevich AVDEEV ◽  
Olga Anatolievna AVDEEVA ◽  
Anton Vitalyevich BYKOV ◽  
Evgeny Vasilyevich ZNAMEROVSKIY ◽  
Alexey Nikolaevich AKSENOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
National Level ◽  
Human Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Personal Security ◽  
Fundamental Rights And Freedoms ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The research analyzes current trends in ensuring personal security taking into account International Law. The priority position of the individual declared by the norms of international law is assessed differently by national legal systems. The interest of States in preserving the inviolability of fundamental human rights and freedoms implies the use of various mechanisms to achieve these goals. New trends in socio-economic development in the context of globalization predetermine the need to improve the national system for ensuring personal security taking into account international legal principles. Attention is focused on the state of human security and fundamental rights and freedoms declared by international and national law and guaranteed by the State. International normative and legal acts aimed at strategic directions of ensuring personal security are subject to analysis. The article notes the relationship between the transformation of socio-economic character and the state, structure, dynamics of crimes against the individual. Bringing the norms of national law into conformity with the norms, principles and provisions of international normative-legal acts of universal and regional character is recognized as one of the directions of ensuring personal security. The research is focused on the key areas of counteracting attacks on the person taking into account the novelization of modern criminal legislation and law enforcement activities. Close attention is paid to the development and implementation of organizational and practical measures to counteract crimes against the individual at federal and regional levels. The strategic directions developed and implemented at the national level to improve the effectiveness of activities related to ensuring human criminological safety are of applied importance. The conceptual directions of realization of the state policy on prevention, suppression and counteraction of violent crime against the person proposed in the article have practical and oriented value.  

scholarly journals Improvement of the Regulatory Framework of Regulation of Transnational Business in Azerbaijan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1369-1379
Author(s):  
Muslumat Allahverdiyeva, Sekine Huseynova, Matanat Dadashova
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
State Level ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Business Regulation ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Negative Impacts

Though formation of the transnational business is based on common principles, this process appears in a specific form in various countries. Transnational business is different depending on the structure of the economy, the level of socio-economic development, organizational and management structure, national-ethnic characteristics, and the level of development of the state in various countries. At the same time, creating and justifying the fact that big, fast-growing and concentrated national companies are ranked in the rankings as TNB (transnational business) is one of the issues within the interest of state and economic science. Upon the Contract of the Century signed in September 1994, Azerbaijan has subsequently signed the production sharing agreements (PSAs) on “Garabakh”, “Dan ulduzu” and “Ashrafi” fields. The biggest TNBs, such as BP, Amoko, Penzoil and Unocal, have their share in oil fields from Azerbaijan. Up to 70% of all investments in the Azerbaijani economy are invested in the oil industry, about 80% of which is imposed by the foreign TNBs. This figure indicates that the TNB has a great role in the economy of Azerbaijan. TNB has both positive and negative impacts on the economy of Azerbaijan. As Azerbaijan’s transnational business develops, various problems also arise. For instance, the problems between the TNB and the Azerbaijan Trade Unions Department, the problems between Britis Petrolium and the Azerbaijan Government, etc. The problems they face with the host countries have begun to show itself in Azerbaijan too. Transnational business regulation is a very urgent issue over the world. The scientists have increasingly investigated the legal aspects of the TNB regulation. This article is dedicated to the actions that are being taken and important to be taken to regulate transnational business at the state level in the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the regulation methodology is proposed.

scholarly journals EUROREGION AS THE HIGHEST ORGANIZATIONAL AND FUNCTIONAL LEVEL OF CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Tsekhanovych
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Policy ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

Economic development is characterized by certain processes occurring in the economy and society. One of them is a transformation in the direction of forming a post-industrial society, the priority of which is a person with his creative and intellectual potential and the conditions of his life. In turn, ensuring the necessary freedom, meeting different needs, realizing the potential of the individual, creating its living space, which cannot be limited to the framework of one country, as well as eliminating signs of periphery, require the development of cross-border cooperation based on its simple and complex organizational forms.In recent years, Ukraine's cross-border cooperation with neighboring countries states pay a lot of attention, which is confirmed as at the highest level both at the state level and at the regional level. Euroregions are becoming a fairly common form of cooperation on the south-western border of Ukraine, representing the basis of cross-border cooperation between regional and district authorities and non-governmental organizations. They do not have an administrative nature, and their activities are based on the coordination of the work of the subjects of this euroregion, which operate in accordance with the legislation of this state. Euroregional policy is an organic component of the national policy politicians. The initial provisions for its formation are the degree of economic efficiency strength of border regions. Such a policy, on the one hand, it is aimed at ensuring the comprehensive development of the regions, and on the other hand, at ensuring the comprehensive development of the regions. preserving the territorial integrity of the state. It is implemented on the basis of developed programs of trade, economic, scientific and technical and cultural cooperation. Active development of Regions is considered as one of the elements of the pan-European priority system, which corresponds to fundamental integrations of states through the integration of Regions. Such activities it provides for the acceleration of socio-economic development of cross-border countries regions, personnel infrastructure training of Regions and the country as a whole for deepening cooperation with the EU, accelerating European processes integrations.

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