Effect Size of Dietary Supplementation and Physical Exercise Interventions for Sarcopenia in Middle-Aged Women

Abstract Background High quality head-mounted display based virtual reality (HMD-VR) has become widely available, spurring greater development of HMD-VR health games. As a behavior change approach, these applications use HMD-VR and game-based formats to support long-term engagement with therapeutic interventions. While the bulk of research to date has primarily focused on the therapeutic efficacy of particular HMD-VR health games, how developers and researchers incorporate best-practices in game design to achieve engaging experiences remains underexplored. This paper presents the findings of a narrative review exploring the trends and future directions of game design for HMD-VR health games. Methods We searched the literature on the intersection between HMD-VR, games, and health in databases including MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Compendex. We identified articles describing HMD-VR games designed specifically as health applications from 2015 onwards in English. HMD-VR health games were charted and tabulated according to technology, health context, outcomes, and user engagement in game design. Findings We identified 29 HMD-VR health games from 2015 to 2020, with the majority addressing health contexts related to physical exercise, motor rehabilitation, and pain. These games typically involved obstacle-based challenges and extrinsic reward systems to engage clients in interventions related to physical functioning and pain. Less common were games emphasizing narrative experiences and non-physical exercise interventions. However, discourse regarding game design was diverse and often lacked sufficient detail. Game experience was evaluated using primarily ad-hoc questionnaires. User engagement in the development of HMD-VR health games primarily manifested as user studies. Conclusion HMD-VR health games are promising tools for engaging clients in highly immersive experiences designed to address diverse health contexts. However, more in-depth and structured attention to how HMD-VR health games are designed as game experiences is needed. Future development of HMD-VR health games may also benefit from greater involvement of end-users in participatory approaches.

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Effective, sustainable, and transferable physical exercise interventions for fall prevention among older people

Public Health Nursing ◽

10.1111/phn.12949 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daiana Campani ◽

Silvia Caristia ◽

Alex Amariglio ◽

Silvia Piscone ◽

Lidya Irene Ferrara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Older People ◽

Fall Prevention ◽

Exercise Interventions

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A Reduction in Behavioral Pattern Separation Is Attenuated by Dietary Supplementation with a Magnesium-Rich Marine Mineral Blend in Middle-Aged Rats

Journal of Medicinal Food ◽

10.1089/jmf.2020.0213 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Erin K. Crowley ◽

Stefanie Grabrucker ◽

Caitriona M. Long-Smith ◽

Alice Stack ◽

Denise M. O'Gorman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Behavioral Pattern ◽

Pattern Separation ◽

Aged Rats ◽

Middle Aged

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Physical Exercise Interventions For Improving Performance-Based Measures of Physical Function in Community-Dwelling Frail Older Adults

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000493577.59267.d5 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 134

Author(s):

Maria Giné-Garriga ◽

Marta Roqué-Fíguls ◽

Laura Coll-Planas ◽

Mercè Sitjà-Rabert ◽

Carme Martin-Borràs

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Physical Function ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Frail Older Adults

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Comparison of physical fitness in elderly submitted to different physical exercise interventions

Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde ◽

10.12820/rbafs.v.21n1p78-84 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 78

Author(s):

Leonardo Campos ◽

Priscila Nakamura ◽

Eduardo Kokubun

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Motor Coordination ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Significance Level ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Elderly Individuals ◽

Factorial Anova ◽

Moment Interaction

The objective was to investigate the influence of two types of physical exercise intervention on elderly individuals’ physical fitness. The study included 17 older adults with a mean age of 65.8 years (± 2.88), divided into two groups: Programa de Exercícios Físicos em Unidades de Saúde (PEFUS – Physical Exercise Program in Health Units, n = 8) and Adapted Volleyball (n = 9). PEFUS classes were held three times a week and lasted 90 minutes, including strength, aerobic endurance, agility, coordination and balance exercises. Adapted Volleyball classes were performed two times per week and lasted 120 minutes, divided into skill volleyball exercises and game. For the evaluation of physical skills (strength, agility, coordination and flexibility), the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD) set of tests was performed. All participants were assessed at the baseline and after three months of interventions. Statistical analysis was performed using factorial ANOVA through SPSS, version 17.0, and a significance level p <0.05. Motor coordination showed significant improvements after three months of interventions, decreasing from 11.7 ± 2.3 to 10.1 ± 1.6 seconds for Adapted Volleyball and from 15.8 ± 3.3 to 12.0 ± 3.5 seconds for PEFUS (p <0.05). Regarding strength endurance, there was a group-moment interaction (p <0.05) and the PEFUS group showed an increase in this variable after intervention. The interventions are beneficial to the physical fitness of elderly individuals, because they increase or maintain such fitness after these interventions.

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Effects of recreational sports and combined training on blood pressure and glycosylated hemoglobin in middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1101/2021.05.05.21256401 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vinicius Mallmann Schneider ◽

Paula de Azevedo Frank ◽

Sandra C. Fuchs ◽

Rodrigo Ferrari

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Older Adults ◽

Weighted Mean Difference ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Control Group ◽

Synthesis Methods ◽

Recreational Sports ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Exercise Interventions

Background Combined resistance and aerobic training (CT) is the most suitable form of exercise training to simultaneously improve cardiometabolic profile and functional capacity in middle-aged and older adults. Recreational sports (RS) emerge as an alternative to traditional exercises to improve these outcomes that could be used as a retention and continuity strategy, promoting health benefits associated with pleasure and satisfaction during the physical activity. Objectives The aim was to conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of RS and CT on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in middle-aged and older adults and to compare these exercise interventions to a non-exercising control group (CON). Data Sources A literature search was conducted using the databases at PubMed, COCHRANE and SciELO between July and August 2020. Study Eligibility Criteria Studies that included men and women aged 45 years, healthy or with values of baseline for SBP 130mmHg or DBP 80 mmHg or with type II diabetes, in which the participants performed RS or CT versus CON, and evaluated SBP, DBP and HbA1c. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods Two independent reviewers screened search results, performed data extraction, and assessed of methodological quality of studies. Random effects modeling was used to compare pre to postintervention changes in BP and HbA1c from RS and CT versus CON, and the effect size were calculated through the weighted mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Conclusions RS and CT are effective exercise interventions to improve blood pressure in middle-aged and older adults. Additionally, CT seems to be an excellent strategy to reduce HbA1c, and future studies are necessary to confirm the effectiveness of recreational sports to improve HbA1c.

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The role of apolipoprotein E polymorphism in improving dyslipidemia in obese adolescents following physical exercise and National Cholesterol Education Program Step II intervention

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2014-0070 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (5-6) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lanny C. Gultom ◽

Damayanti R. Sjarif ◽

Herawati A. Sudoyo ◽

Muchtaruddin Mansyur ◽

Sri Rezeki S. Hadinegoro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Exercise ◽

Apolipoprotein E ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Obese Adolescents ◽

Lipid Lowering Drugs ◽

Apo E ◽

Before And After

AbstractLifestyle changes are important factors for managing dyslipidemia before considering blood lipid-lowering drugs. However, genetic factors can influence the response outcome.We aimed to determine a dyslipidemia management strategy in obese adolescents.: A total of 60 dyslipidemic obese adolescents received physical exercise and the NCEP step II diet for 28 days. Apolipoprotein E (apo E) genotypes and blood lipid levels were compared before and after interventions.The apoApo E alleles might influence improvement in lipid profiles after diet and exercise interventions. These results could inform personalized dyslipidemia management in obese adolescents, to determine which subjects would benefit from blood lipid-lowering drugs.

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Efecto del ejercicio físico sobre los síntomas depresivos en pacientes hospitalizados con depresión (Effect of physical exercise on depressive symptoms in hospitalized patients with depression)

Retos ◽

10.47197/retos.v43i0.88339 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 53-61

Author(s):

Karen Melissa Polanco ◽

Jeanette M. López-Walle ◽

Brenny C. Muñoz-Noguera ◽

Argenis P. Vergara-Torres ◽

José Tristán ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Effect Size ◽

Pharmacological Treatment ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Hospitalized Patients ◽

Time Factor ◽

Repeated Measures Anova

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar los síntomas depresivos, por separado y en su conjunto, antes y al mes de concluir un programa de ejercicio físico en pacientes hospitalizados con depresión. Participaron 48 pacientes los cuales fueron divididos en dos grupos (n = 24 farmacológico, y n = 24 fármaco+ejercicio físico). Como resultado, al comparar entre grupos al mes de llevar a cabo el programa de ejercicio físico junto con el tratamiento farmacológico, el grupo fármaco+ejercicio físico tuvo puntuaciones significativamente más bajas en el BDI (Msum = 1.0, DTsum = 1.35), en comparación con el grupo que sólo tuvo el tratamiento farmacológico (Msum = 11.08, DTsum = 5.97). En cuanto al ANOVA de medidas repetidas, se evidencia que hubo diferencias significativas en ambos grupos, farmacológico (F(41) = 11.35, p < .000; hp2 = .33; d = .79) y fármaco+ejercicio físico (F(41) = 22.81, p < .000; hp2 = .50; d = .86) debido al factor tiempo. Sin embargo se encuentra un mayor tamaño del efecto en el grupo donde se intervino con ejercicio físico. Como conclusión, este estudio muestra que un programa de ejercicio físico en conjunto con el tratamiento farmacológico, disminuyen la mayoría de la sintomatología depresiva en pacientes hospitalizados. Además, promueve la incorporación del ejercicio como complemento en el manejo de los síntomas de la depresión mayor. Abstract.The aim of the present study was to evaluate depressive symptoms, separately and as a whole, before and at one month after the conclusion of a physical exercise program in hospitalized patients with depression. The participants were 48 patients who were divided into two groups (pharmacological = 24 and pharmacological+physical exercise = 24). As a result, when comparing between groups one month after carrying out the physical exercise program in conjunction with the pharmacological treatment, the pharmacological+physical exercise group had significantly lower scores on the BDI (Msum = 1.0, DTsum = 1.35), compared to the group that only had the pharmacological treatment (Msum = 11.08, DTsum = 5.97). Regarding the repeated measures ANOVA, it is shown that there were significant differences in both groups, pharmacological (F(41) = 11.35, p < .000; hp2 = .33; d = .79) and pharmacological + physical exercise (F(41) = 22.81, p < .000; hp2 = .50; d = .86) due to the time factor. However, a greater effect size was found in the group where physical exercise was used. In conclusion, this study shows that a physical exercise program in conjunction with pharmacological treatment reduces most of the depressive symptoms in hospitalized patients.

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EXERCISE INTERVENTIONS FOR PRESERVING PHYSICAL FUNCTION AMONG CANCER SURVIVORS IN MIDDLE TO LATE LIFE

Journal of Frailty & Aging ◽

10.14283/jfa.2016.92 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

C.W. DAUM ◽

S.K. COCHRANE ◽

J.D. FITZGERALD ◽

L. JOHNSON ◽

T.W. BUFORD

Keyword(s):

Cancer Survivors ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Functional Status ◽

Physical Function ◽

Literature Search ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Randomized Controlled

The purpose of this review was to evaluate randomized controlled trials aiming to preserve the functional status, i.e. physical capabilities, of middle-aged and older cancer survivors through a structured, physical exercise intervention. The study team performed a thorough search of the literature using six online databases. This literature search limited included studies to randomized controlled trials which implemented a structured physical activity intervention for middle- and older-aged adults diagnosed with cancer. Studies were also required include at least one objective measure of physical function as a dependent outcome. This literature search yielded thirty-eight studies. The majority of the literature reviewed was successful in improving several functional outcomes including time needed to rise from a chair or distance covered during the six-minute walk test. A large number of published trials also suggest that exercise is effective in decreasing fatigue. However, a lack of trials investigating outcomes in older populations (≥ 65 years) was noted in this review. The results of this review suggest that a structured exercise program may be physically beneficial for middle-aged to older cancer survivors. Particularly, such interventions could preserve the functional status of cancer patients and, consequently, improve their long-term health outcomes. Future implications include further investigation into strictly older cancer patient populations, as outcomes related to exercise might differ between older and middle-aged adults.

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