BP-C3 POLYPHENOLIC COMPOSITION INFLUENCE ON DYNAMICS OF 5-FLUOROURACIL INDUCED DAMAGE IN SMALL INTESTINE EPITHELIUM IN MICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-265
Author(s):  
Yekaterina Gubareva ◽  
Andrey Panchenko ◽  
Yelena Fedoros ◽  
Mikhail Maydin
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Polyphenolic Composition ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
High Proliferative Activity ◽  
Regenerative Phase

Chemotherapeutic drugs negatively influence on normal tissues with high proliferative activity such as intestinal epithelium. The damage of chemotherapy to healthy tissues significantly reduces oncological patients’ quality of life. Drugs based on polyphenolic natural compounds are a perspective mean of adjuvant therapy due to their antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties. In this study we have showed that a single intragastric administration of BPC3 polyphenolic composition 2 hours before 5-fluorouracil treatment alleviates small intestine damage in C57Bl/6 mice after 3.5, 24 or 72 hours. BPC3 effect manifested in reduced apoptosis rate, increased mitotic activity of the epithelium in the regenerative phase and protection of LGR5-positive jejunum stem cells against 5-fluorouracil induced damage.

Cytoprotective Agents to Avoid Chemotherapy Induced Sideeffects on Normal Cells: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 765-781
Author(s):  
Seema Rohilla ◽  
Harish Dureja ◽  
Vinay Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Delay In Treatment

Anticancer agents play a vital role in the cure of patients suffering from malignancy. Though, the chemotherapeutic agents are associated with various adverse effects which produce significant toxic symptoms in the patients. But this therapy affects both the malignant and normal cells and leads to constricted therapeutic index of antimalignant drugs which adversely impacts the quality of patients’ life. Due to these adversities, sufficient dose of drug is not delivered to patients leading to delay in treatment or improper treatment. Chemoprotective agents have been developed either to minimize or to mitigate the toxicity allied with chemotherapeutic agents. Without any concession in the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs, they provide organ specific guard to normal tissues.

Desirable effects of dietary 4-O-methyl-glucuronoarabinoxylan from the Echinacea plant on growth performance, thigh meat quality and development of small intestine in female Partridge-Shank broilers

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Qing-Chang Ren ◽  
Jing-Jing Xuan ◽  
Chuan-Yan Che ◽  
Xin-Chao Yan ◽  
Zhong-Ze Hu
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Bodyweight Gain ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Muscle Ph ◽  
Access To Water

In this trial we aimed to assess the effects of dietary supplementation of 4-O-methyl-glucuronoarabinoxylan (4OMG) on growth performance, thigh meat quality and small intestine development of female Partridge-Shank broilers. A total of 240 1-day-old female Partridge-Shank broilers were randomly distributed to four groups with three replicates of 20 within each group. Groups received either 0, 15, 20 or 25 g 4OMG/kg DM of diet. During the whole experiment of 60 days, broilers had ad libitum access to water and feed. At pen level, feed intake was recorded daily and broilers were weighed at the start and end of the experiment. For each group, three pens with a total of 20 broilers were randomly selected to determine the thigh meat quality and the small intestine development of broilers. Broilers fed diets with higher 4OMG had greater final liveweight (P = 0.004), daily bodyweight gain (P = 0.004) and gain-to-feed ratio (P < 0.001), muscle pH values (P = 0.031) and redness (P = 0.001), duodenal weight index (P = 0.042), jejunal (P = 0.043) and ileal length (P = 0.049), duodenal (P < 0.001) and ileal villus height (P = 0.008), but lower percentage of dead birds (P < 0.001), drip loss (P = 0.042) and shear force value (P = 0.043) of the thigh muscles. These results indicate that increasing dietary supplementation of 4OMG may improve growth performance and meat quality of female Partridge-Shank broilers through better development of small intestine.

Iron tablets: disintegration tests

1965 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
The Past

Iron is mainly absorbed in the upper small intestine and it is therefore important that iron tablets should not take too long to disintegrate. In the past most physicians were aware that some iron tablets were ineffective because they failed to disintegrate. Since then manufacturing processes have improved, but there is still no published information on the disintegration of iron tablets: indeed, this country still lacks a comprehensive scheme for supervising and checking the quality of drugs.1

scholarly journals Cerebellar metastases – may surgery play a role in the presence of multiple lesions?

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-160
Author(s):  
M. Dabija ◽  
V. Dorobăţ ◽  
Alina Paiu
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Oncological Surgery ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Intracranial Metastases ◽  
Cerebellar Lesions ◽  
One Year

Abstract Brain metastases are the most common form of malignancy presence in the CNS having a more frequent appearance than primary brain tumors. Although secondary cerebellar tumors represent only 15% of all intracranial metastases, they are quite frequent among primary oncological patients and pose a challenge for all of the medical caretakers starting with the neurosurgeon. Among those, a small percent of patients have multiple cerebellar lesions and the therapeutic challenge turns into a medical controversy, especially when it comes to surgical treatment taking into consideration that the life expectancy is lower than one year. A key asset which we have on our side is the anatomical vicinity these lesions occur, this leading us to take into consideration eliminating as many lesions in one single operative time as possible without changing the position of the head during surgery. Based on a retrospective study which concluded that patients with resection of all lesions tend to have a longer life expectancy, and on modern concepts of risks and benefits of oncological surgery and surgery in general, we followed up on three patients presenting posterior and even multiple posterior fossa metastases, taking into consideration individual comorbidities, tumor aspects and the possibility/opportunity of surgical treatment. It turned out that surgery is a safe and effective treatment option and should not be considered harmful or aggressive especially because all of the patients which were under study had a favorable post-operative prognostic and an improved quality of life. We emphasize furthermore the importance of complete lesion resection in as few interventions as possible followed up by radiotherapy/chemotherapy as a key in prolonging these patients life expectancy taking into consideration that the outcome is directly related to the number of lesions rather to the location or volume of them.

scholarly journals Mechanism, Prevention, and Treatment of Radiation-Induced Salivary Gland Injury Related to Oxidative Stress

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1666
Author(s):  
Zijing Liu ◽  
Lihua Dong ◽  
Zhuangzhuang Zheng ◽  
Shiyu Liu ◽  
Shouliang Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Serious Adverse Event ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Swallowing Muscles

Radiation therapy is a common treatment for head and neck cancers. However, because of the presence of nerve structures (brain stem, spinal cord, and brachial plexus), salivary glands (SGs), mucous membranes, and swallowing muscles in the head and neck regions, radiotherapy inevitably causes damage to these normal tissues. Among them, SG injury is a serious adverse event, and its clinical manifestations include changes in taste, difficulty chewing and swallowing, oral infections, and dental caries. These clinical symptoms seriously reduce a patient’s quality of life. Therefore, it is important to clarify the mechanism of SG injury caused by radiotherapy. Although the mechanism of radiation-induced SG injury has not yet been determined, recent studies have shown that the mechanisms of calcium signaling, microvascular injury, cellular senescence, and apoptosis are closely related to oxidative stress. In this article, we review the mechanism by which radiotherapy causes oxidative stress and damages the SGs. In addition, we discuss effective methods to prevent and treat radiation-induced SG damage.

Cell Kinetics and Tumor-Associated Antigen Expression in Human Mammary Carcinomas

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Contegiacomo ◽  
R. Mariani Costantini ◽  
R. Muraro ◽  
P. Battista ◽  
C. Valli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Breast Carcinomas ◽  
Cellular Kinetics ◽  
Tumor Associated Antigen ◽  
Antigenic Expression ◽  
High Proliferative Activity ◽  
Antigenic Phenotype ◽  
Intense Immunoreactivity

Twenty-six primary breast carcinomas were studied to evaluate cell proliferation as assessed by thymidine labeling index (TLI), and antigenic phenotype, as defined by immunohistochemistry using eight monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). The majority of tumors had low TLI values. Reactivity to MAbs B72.3, CC49, CC83 (anti TAG 72), COL-12 (anti CEA) and MOv2 (against a tumor-associated mucoprotein) was restricted to < 50% of the tumors studied, while MAbs B1.1 (anti CEA), MBrl and MBr8 (to tumor-associated carbohydrates) reacted with > 50% of the cases. Correlations between expression of TAAs and proliferative activity showed that the tumors could be divided into three groups, two characterized by either high proliferative activity and absence of antigenic expression or low proliferative activity and strong antigenic expression, and the third showing no relation between these two biological features. We defined two antigenic phenotypes associated with specific cellular kinetics: one characterized by negative immunoreaction with MAbs, CC49, CC83 and COL-12 and high proliferative activity; the other characterized by intense immunoreactivity with these antibodies and low proliferative activity. The data suggest that cell proliferation and antigenic phenotype may define biologic subsets of breast carcinomas

scholarly journals Psychological assistance and monitoring of oncological patients' quality of life

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. iv97
Author(s):  
R. Manzo ◽  
F. Vitiello ◽  
M. Gilli ◽  
B. Casale ◽  
M. Hengeller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Psychological Assistance

scholarly journals Lower Limb Core Scale: A New Application to Evaluate and Compare the Outcomes of Bone and Soft-Tissue Tumours Resection and Reconstruction

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Monticelli ◽  
Davide Ciclamini ◽  
Michele Boffano ◽  
Elena Boux ◽  
Paolo Titolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Functional Score ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Specific Evaluation

Several methods are used to evaluate the functional outcome of tumour resections and reconstructions in the lower limb. However, one of their most common limitations is that they are specifically developed to evaluate only oncological patients. We introduced the Lower Limb Core Scale (LLCS) to overcome this limitation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional and subjective results in the lower limb and to evaluate the use of the LLCS. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using various tools to investigate the outcomes. The results of the LLCS were correlated with the results of other functional tests. A total of 44 patients were included in the study. None of the demographic variables correlated with the functional or health-related quality of life (QoL) scores except for gender, whereby male patients had an increased functional score. The correlation between LLCS and other scores was positive(r2=0.77). The satisfactory QoL scores, and functional outcomes scores indicated the LLCS to be a reliable option for general and specific evaluation of lower limb reconstructions. We suggest using the LLCS for comparisons of oncological reconstructions with lower limb reconstructions in different disciplines.

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