scholarly journals The Fourth Industrial Revolution and its Contribution to Urban Growth

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mehad Emara
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Technological Transformation ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
Urban Upgrading

Technological transformation plays a crucial role in our world today. The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) represents a significant transformation in many areas of industry in different countries. The rapid speed and scope of the transformation resulted in many urban development challenges, which will subsequently force cities to devise smart solutions to improve the standard of living of urban settlements to provide a better life for their residents. The research aims to discuss these challenges and explore how the 4IR affects the development, urbanisation and transformation of cities into smart ones by highlighting various technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, blockchain and 3D printing. Furthermore, a group of specialists in the field (designers, planners and consultants) will be assessing the contributions of the 4IR that support smart cities and the challenges of achieving urban development and try to reach the relative importance of the participation of each application in achieving urban development and rearrange them according to their significance, to meet the proposed framework. KEYWORDS Smart city, technological development, urban challenges, urban development, urban upgrading, 4IR applications

The Need for Speed – Technological Acceleration and Inevitabilism in Recent Danish Digitalization Policy Papers

SATS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-48
Author(s):  
Mads Vestergaard
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Sociotechnical Imaginaries ◽  
Official Policy ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Abstract The article explores whether sociotechnical imaginaries of digitalization as inevitable accelerating development can be traced in Denmark’s official policy papers concerning digitalization 2015–2020. It identifies imperatives of speed, acceleration and agility equal to what has been described as a corporate data imaginary as well as tropes of an imaginary of the fourth industrial revolution and inevitable exponential technological development and disruption. The empirical analysis discovers a shift in the studied period mid-2018, before which inevitabilism is prominent and after which the focus on non-economic values increases and the aim of influencing the development, instead of adapting to it, emerges. The article then addresses how imperatives of acceleration and narratives of inevitabilism may be considered problematic from a democratic point of view employing Hartmut Rosa’s critical diagnosis of the acceleration society and the notion of discursive closure. Finally, it discusses the empirical findings in light of technological determinism and constructivism inherent in the notion of sociotechnical imaginaries and introduces a sociotechnical selectionist theory allowing both for human agency in technological development while also providing a mechanism for explaining the emergence of law-like technological trends, as Moore’s Law, at macro level.

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AS A FACTOR OF ACCELERATING ECONOMIC GROWTH IN RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 230 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
E.B. LENCHUK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The article deals with the modern processes of changing the technological basis of the world economy on the basis of large-scale transition to the use of technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, shaping new markets and opens up prospects for sustainable economic growth. It is in the scientific and technological sphere that the competition between countries is shifting. Russia remains nearly invisible player in this field. The author tried to consider the main reasons for such a lag and identify a set of measures of state scientific and technological policy that can give the necessary impetus to the scientific and technological development of Russia.

scholarly journals Internal factors supporting business and technological transformation in the context of Industry 4.0

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Kohnová ◽  
Ján Papula ◽  
Nikola Salajová
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Employee Education ◽  
Technological Transformation ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Culture Strategy ◽  
Technology Transformation ◽  
And Training

Radical changes resulting from the Fourth Industrial Revolution strongly affect industrialized European countries. In particular, due to the new technologies that are characteristic of Industry 4.0, it will be essential for companies to make the necessary changes and achieve competitiveness through the implementation of these technologies. In order for companies to be able to make radical changes and innovations, they need to secure all the supporting areas in their organization. This research paper is focused on comparison of companies from Slovakia, Czech Republic, Austria, Germany and Switzerland in the context of readiness for Industry 4.0. This research was part of a research project, while data were collected in the period of 2015–2016. We have analysed companies from selected countries based on 7 areas which are closely interconnected with the business transformation and technology transformation coming from Industry 4.0. The main analysed questions focused on areas such as employee education and training, organizational culture, strategy, or organizational processes, that will be most affected by radical changes in the environment. Research has highlighted the differences between countries as a result of long-standing cultural differences, but at the same time identified the unified influence of the ongoing global debate on the need for technological innovation. With Slovak and Czech companies being below stronger innovators in the maturity of education systems, we strongly advise considering partnering in education which can bring valuable information to businesses that want to take on the wave of innovation.

scholarly journals On the 5G and Beyond

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 7091
Author(s):  
Mário Marques da Silva ◽  
João Guerreiro
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Cellular Communications ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Single Carrier

This article provides an overview of the fifth generation of cellular communications (5G) and beyond. It presents the transmission techniques of current 5G communications and those expected of future developments, namely a brief study of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) using the single carrier with frequency domain equalization (SC-FDE) block transmission technique, evidencing its added value in terms of spectral efficiency. An introduction to the sixth generation of cellular communications (6G) is also provided. The insertion of 5G and 6G within the Fourth Industrial Revolution framework (also known as Industry 4.0) is also dealt with. Consisting of a change in paradigm, when compared to previous generations, 5G supports a myriad of new services based on the Internet of things (IoT) and on vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, supporting technologies such as autonomous driving, smart cities, and remote surgery. The new services provided by 5G are supported by new techniques, such as millimeter waves (mm-wave), in addition to traditional microwave communication, and by massive multiple-input multiple-output (m-MIMO) technology. These techniques were not employed in the fourth generation of cellular communications (4G). While 5G plays an important role in the initial implementation of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, 6G will address a number of new services such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), holographic services, the advanced Internet of things (IoT), AI-infused applications, wireless brain–computer interaction (BCI), and mobility at higher speeds. The current research on systems beyond 5G indicates that these applications shall be supported by new MIMO techniques and make use of terahertz (THz) bands.

SHORT-TERM, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL, FORECAST OF THE FUTURE OF WORK

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (XIX) ◽  
pp. 313-331
Author(s):  
Andrzej Świątkowski
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Technological Transformation ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The Future ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Modern Technologies

The fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) dynamically shift the line between the work performed by humans and those performed by machines, technologies, algorithms and artificial intelligence. The author examines The Future of Jobs Report 2018 published by Centre for the New Economy Society of the World Economic Forum. He tries to argue that the current technological transformation in the next five years, 2018-2022, managed wisely may improved the quality and productivity of work performed by human employees. The problem is that many of employees afraid that robots, computers, modern technologies an AI will eliminate jobs performed by human beings. The Author argues that technology eliminates jobs, not work

scholarly journals Eurointegration tendencies in implementation of ‘Industry 4.0’ in European companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-261
Author(s):  
Andrea Seňová ◽  
Lucia Šebeščáková
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Business Organization ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Digital Disruption ◽  
External Risk ◽  
The Impact

The current level of technological development made it possible to predict upcoming changes, the expected commercial availability of breakthrough technologies and the impact they will have on business organization, manufacturing and labor market. The fourth industrial revolution, driven by automation, digital technology and Big Data, is expected to start in a few years. The number one external risk currently perceived by companies is digital disruption. The aim of the paper is to examine the current trends in terms of technological development and workforce transition for the preparedness of companies and labor market for the upcoming changes. The paper reviews the results of research, indicating the dominant orientation of companies, with regards to the expected digital disruption, trends shaping the fourth industrial revolution and strategies for preparation for the upcoming changes.

scholarly journals The Determining Factors in the Development of Jurisdictions: The Evolution of Legal Policy and Legal Culture

Legal Concept ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 6-16
Author(s):  
Agnessa Inshakova
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Legal Policy ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
National Jurisdiction ◽  
Fundamental Categories

The paper is devoted to substantiating the relevance, scientific and practical significance of the problematics “The Evolution of legal policy and legal culture: territorial and scientific and technological factors of the development of jurisdictions” covered in the section “The Main Topic of the Issue” of the legal journal of Volgograd State University “Legal Concept = Pravovaya paradigma”. The author substantiates as one of the leading prerequisites for the transformation of the legal policy and legal culture of states such factors in the development of modern reality as the creation of integration associations and unions, which entail the convergence of national jurisdictions, as well as scientific and technological modernization of all spheres of public life as a result of the fourth industrial revolution and neoindustrialization of the economy. The author argues for the powerful influence of these promising trends of socio-economic transformations on the legal and law-making policy of the state, as well as on the legal morality, legal awareness and legal culture in general “imposed” by the lawmakers and law enforcement officers within the territory of the national jurisdiction. The paper considers the integral components that accompany the fourth industrial revolution and determine the overall impact of scientific and technological development on the fundamental categories of the legal system under consideration. On the example of specific territorial associations of the member states of the integration unions of the EU, EAEU, BRICS, MERCOSUR, and SCO, the processes of creating common legal spaces that erase differences in approaches to the formation of legal policy and legal culture of sovereign limited jurisdictions are described. A brief description of the papers presented in the main topic of the issue, reflecting the historical patterns and current trends in scientific, technological and integration development that affect the transformation of legal policy and legal culture, is given.

scholarly journals The role of Eco-tourism in sustainable development: case study eco-tourism challenges in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 311 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Ismael Rezaeinejad ◽  
Amol Khaniwadekar
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Urban Management

Sustainable development is a new concept formed after the industrial revolution and the problems created concerning industrialization of cities and technological development of cities and linking different economic, cultural, political, and social development and exceptional attention to ecological considerations. Sustainable development has a comprehensive, integrated and human-oriented approach. It includes valuable concepts in preserving, promoting, and improving health and ecological integrity in the long term and providing human needs. Without destroying the next generation's ability and achieving economic dynamism, a livable environment and social equality are critical dimensions. The importance of conservation of natural resources in the urban environment is as significant as one of the essential areas of development of communities and, at the same time, a criterion for improving the quality of life. The consequences of urban development and the complexity of environmental problems have the inevitable existence of green spaces and their development. Due to the role of urban management in achieving sustainable urban development, this research tries to explain the concept of urban management, its objectives, and its components and provide effective urban management to achieve sustainable development. Eco-tourism is mainly based on resources that the natural environment is available to tourists that use it and appropriate conditions and requires protection of natural resources, which can be realized through evaluation of capability and capacity of the natural environment to attract tourists. The unique geography and diversity of natural phenomena caused Iran to be recognized as the fifth most crucial natural diversity globally, but planning for using these conditions is still not provided. In addition, the country's eco-tourism is faced with social, economic, and environmental problems, and for planning in the field of overcoming this challenge, we first need to recognize these challenges.

The Concept of Atmospheres

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Diana Soeiro
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The Future

Architects and urban planners currently face the challenge of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) that quickly permeates urban environments. In an effort to understand this event as one that goes beyond technology use and technological innovation, the authors investigate how the concept of atmosphere is key to envisioning the future of smart cities. In order to clarify the understanding of the concept, this chapter presents an original alignment of three clusters of authors (Goethe and Wittgenstein, Böhme and Schmitz, and Bratton). The goal is to demonstrate that atmospheres and urban ambiances are fundamental urban design elements. They have the ability to positively shape technology use in cities as decisive elements to promote sustainable smart cities.

Book review: Mirosław Grewiński, Marek Kawa, Joanna Lizut, Gilberto Marzano: TOWARDS CHANGES OF THE LABOR MARKET, SKILLS AND COMPETENCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 562 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-30
Author(s):  
Łukasz Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The Future ◽  
Information And Communication

The monograph published in English, which is the result of the project "Transformers - for the future labor market", takes up important issues of changes in the labor market in the context of technological development, which recently focuses on topics such as labor market polarization, automation and robotization , the effects of the fourth industrial revolution. The main threads discussed in the following chapters of the monograph relate to social and economic changes conditioned by the development of technology, in particular information and communication technologies, as well as the fourth industrial revolution, referred to as Industry 4.0. The main areas of analysis in the project "Transformers - for the future labor market" were presented in a synthetic way: the future of skills and competences, the future of professions and jobs, challenges related to education, as well as the conclusions drawn from desk-research analyzes and focus groups.

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