scholarly journals La Fe Cristiana Frente A La Costumbre: Reflexiones En Torno Al Encuentro De Dos Universos Religiosos

Xihmai ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Alberto Morales Damián

Resumen En este trabajo, a partir del texto del diálogo sostenido entre los franciscanos y los indios en 1524 ¾consignado por Sahagún¾ se reflexiona sobre el concepto de religión contrastando el catolicismo de los frailes evangelizadores y la regla de vida de la élite náhuatl. Se considera, siguiendo a Clifford Geertz, que la religión más que un conjunto de creencias o de prácticas rituales se constituye en una forma de entender la realidad que determina una serie de valores y emociones que norman la vida social. Palabras clave: Concepto de religión, religión náhuatl, cristianismo Abstract This paper have a discussion about the term religion based on the contrast between the beliefs of the friars and the rule of life of the nahuas elite which was consigned by Sahagun in 1524. The religion is not only a complex of beliefs or ritual practices, in fact is a form to understand the reality, values and emotions that rules the social life as Clifford Geertz has stated. Key words: Idea of religion, nahuatl religion, christianity

Author(s):  
Lil Martha Arrieta Arvilla

ResumenEl objetivo de este artículo es presentar los aspectos teórico-metodológicos y los resultados de una investigación sobre la construcción de los sujetos en el discurso del presidente de ColombiaÁlvaro Uribe Vélez (2002-2010). En esta se propone evidenciar la orientación social del discurso y el uso de procedimientos que instauran un ethos de credibilidad en la sociedad, y que seconstituyen en mecanismos de control y de legitimación del poder. Lo anterior a partir de la descripción de las tonalidades valorativas y los actos de habla, categorías inscritas en la propuesta de dinámica enunciativa de Martínez, María Cristina (2002, 2005).Palabras clave: Análisis del discurso político, ethos, representación, poder, tonalidadesAbstractThe aim of this paper is to present the theoretical-methodological aspects and results of a research study about the construction of subjects in the speeches of President Alvaro Uribe of Colombia(2002-2010). The purpose is to evidence the social orientation of speech and the use of procedures that establish an ethos of credibility in the society, constituted by control mechanisms and legitimationof power. This is done through the description of the appreciative tonalities and speech acts, categories, defined in the declarative dynamic proposal of Martinez, Maria Cristina (2002, 2005).Key words: Analysis of political speeches, ethos, representation, power, appreciative tonalitie 


2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Carlos J. Rodríguez Casillas

Resumen: Aunque en las ultimas décadas la historia militar ha logrado evolucionar y diversificar sus objetivos de análisis, todavía son muchos los estudiosos que identifican esta disciplina con el estudio del armamento y la narración de las batallas. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es poner de relieve la importancia que tiene la historia militar como herramienta de análisis con la que poder comprender los fundamentos sociales y económicos de una determinada época. Para ello, nos serviremos del estudio de las campanas que tuvieron lugar en la frontera castellano-portuguesa en el contexto de la Guerra de Sucesión de 1475.Palabras clave: Guerra, historia militar, historiografía.Abstract: Although military history has managed to develop and diversify its areas of analysis over the past few decades, there are still many researchers who identify this discipline with the study of weaponry and description of battles. The aim of this project is therefore to highlight the importance of military history as a tool for analysis, which can be used to understand the social and economic foundations of any given era. To bear this out, we analyse campaigns on the Castilian-Portuguese border during the War of Succession of 1475.Key words: War, military history, historiography.


STUDIUM ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 101-128
Author(s):  
Oscar López Acón

En aras de restituir la experiencia histórica de un sujeto histórico anónimo por antonomasia, como es el sujeto campesino, emerge la necesidad de aproximarnos a sus comportamientos políticos; en suma, a sus respuestas individuales y colectivas ante la articulación de un sistema de poder que adquiere la forma de liberalismo oligárquico hasta la instauración del sufragio universal masculino, en 1890. Así pues, el análisis de los marcos político-electorales, en tanto que continuum de la realidad social, se presenta como eje fundamental para aprehender las complejas relaciones entre campo y ciudad, al tiempo que permite proyectar una mirada «desde abajo», hacia las clases campesinas, como «desde arriba», hacia la génesis histórica de las élites. Palabras clave: campesinado, caciquismo, relaciones de poder, sufragio, Restauración (1874-1923). Abstract For the sake of reinstating the historic experience of a historic anonymous subject par excellence, as is the peasant subject, as is the peasant subject, the need to approach his political attitude emerges; in short, his response, both individually and collectively to the articulation of a power system which comes in the shape of oligarchic liberalism until the establishment of male universal suffrage, in 1890. So, the analysis of the political-election frames, as continuum of the social reality, shows up as the fundamental axis in order to seize the complex relationships between the countryside and the cities, at the same time enabling us to take a look, both ‘from below’, at the peasant status, and ‘from the top’ to the historical genesis of the elites. Key words: peasantry, caciquism, power relations, suffrage, Restauración (1874-1923).


ILUMINURAS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (35) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Miranda Barbosa

 Para este estudo propõe-se uma análise comparada entre o prospecto português de 1751, com a obra de Goiandira do Couto, Largo do Rosário, pintura feita em 1976. O prospecto indicava onde os monumentos arquitetônicos que comporiam paisagem urbana da capitania de Vila Boa estariam dispostos. Estas posições foram definidas pela Coroa Portuguesa durante o auge da mineração. Esta perspectiva encadeará a hipótese que esta artista, no século XX, período em que um grupo de moradores locais cria a Organização Vilaboense de Artes e Tradições - OVAT, objetivando “valorizar” a cultura local, implementa ações diretas na vida social desta cidade, a partir dos anos de 1965, a fim de reordenar o calendário cultural, as comemorações religiosas, os parâmetros que ditariam o que representaria ou não a cultura local. Goiandira do Couto integra os fundadores desta organização e sedimenta-se no cenário vilaboense como guardiã das tradições locais, ao mesmo tempo que “projeta-se” como uma das “referências” artísticas no campo pictórico regional. Na tentativa de projetar o futuro, visando valorizar a cultura e a arte vilaboense como marcos da “goianidade”, seu olhar legitima um passado colonial, no qual o lugar do colonizador tornou-se o foco dos discursos visuais produzidos por esta pintora desde então.Palavras Chave: Goiandira do Couto. Discursos Visuais. Poder. Tradições.  ABSTRACTFor this study we propose a comparative analysis between the Portuguese Prospectus 1751, with the work of the Goiandira Couto, Largo do Rosário, painted in 1976. The prospectus indicated where architectural monuments that compose urban landscape of the captaincy of Vila Boa. These positions were defined by the Portuguese crown during the heyday of mining.This perspective encadeará the hypothesis that this artist, in XX years, during which a group of locals create Vilaboense Organization of Arts and Traditions - OVAT, aiming to "enhance" the local culture this group implements direct actions in the social life of this city, from the years 1965 to reorder the cultural calendar, the religious celebrations, the parameters that would dictate what is or is not the local culture. Goiandira Couto integrates the founders of this organization and settles on a scenario vilaboense as guardian of local traditions while projected as one of the "references" artistic pictorial field in the regional scenario. The attempt to project the future, aiming to enhance the culture and art vilaboense as milestones "goianidade", his gaze legitimates a colonial past, in which the place of the colonizer became the central focus of visual discourses produced by this painter from this period. Key words: Goiandira do Couto. Visual Discourses. Power. Traditions


2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (66) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Ley García ◽  
Fabiola Maribel Denegri de Dios ◽  
Guadalupe Sánchez Contreras

En este artículo se exploraron los cambios ocurridos en la percepción social del paisaje de amenazas en la ciudad de Mexicali, México, en 2006 y 2011. Esto se llevó a cabo mediante la comparación del número y tipo de peligros que los habitantes reportaron en dos encuestas locales. Este ejercicio permitió clasificar los peligros en “constantes” y “cambiantes”, y también identificar, a través de la observación de su manifestación física en el espacio urbano, las pautas de invisibilidad social, que ameritan ser consideradas en las estrategias de prevención de desastres. Palabras clave: percepción del riesgo; percepción del peligro; paisaje de amenazas; sesgo heurístico; invisibilidad social del riesgo; Mexicali. AbstractThe article explores the changes in the social perception of hazardscape in the city of Mexicali, México in 2006 and 2011. This is done by comparing the number and type of hazards that residents reported in two local surveys. This exercise allowed classifying the hazards in “constant" and "changing" in social perception and, by observing their physical manifestation in the urban space, to identify patterns of social invisibility that deserves consideration in strategies for disaster prevention. Key words: risk perception; hazard perception; hazardscape; heuristic bias; social invisibility of risk; Mexicali.


2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-73
Author(s):  
Erik Laursen

Emile Durkheim er kendt som en sociolog, der understregede vigtigheden af at studere samfundet som en funktionelt integreret helhed af objektiverbare sociale fakta. I artiklen argumenteres der for at følelser i al deres uhåndgribelighed alligevel fascinerede ham som en central forskningsgenstand. Durkheims teori om følelser har to hovedtemaer. Han har dels en teori om ”opbrusende øjeblikke”, det er situationer præget af sociale oplevelser, der skaber sporsættende og stærkt følelsesmættede erfaringer. Oplevelser, der er tæt knyttet til det sociale, men samtidig transcenderer dette felt og gør det meningsfuldt. Han har endvidere en teori om, hvorledes sociale fællesskaber gennem ritualer, symboler og fortællinger fastholder og genskaber de oprindelige følelser knyttet til de ekstraordinære situationer. Artiklen udfolder Durkheims behandling af disse to teoretiske spor og drager bl.a. den konklusion, at menneskers baggrund for at handle intentionelt formes gennem markante sociale situationer, præget af en høj følelsesmæssig intensitet. En anden konklusion er at sådanne ekstraordinære situationer så at sige insisterer på at blive erindret. Det sker gennem følelsesmæssige bånd, der knytter erindret fortid sammen med erindrende nutid. De ”opbrusende øjeblikke” bliver dermed styrende for de måder hvorpå mennesker, både individuelt og kollektivt, konstruerer deres biografier og gør deres aktuelle handlinger meningsfulde. ENGELSK ABSTRACT: Erik Laursen: Hyper-rituals and Feelings for The Social. Durkheim’s Theory of Society’s Meeting with Itself Emile Durkheim is known for emphasizing the importance of studying society as a functional, integrated whole of social data that may be objectified. This article argues that feelings in all of their intangibility nevertheless fascinated him. Durkheim’s theory on feelings possesses two main themes. On one hand he has a theory on “effervescent moments”, which are situations characterized by social experiences creating path making and strongly emotional experiences. Experiences closely connected to social life but at the same time transcending this field and giving it meaning. In addition, he has a theory about how social communities maintain and regenerate the original fee-lings attached to extraordinary situations through rituals, symbols and sto-ries. This article presents Durkheim’s discussion of these two theoretic paths and concludes that people’s background for acting intentionally is formed by significant social situations characterized by intense feeling. It also concludes that such extraordinary situations insist on being remembered. This happens through emotional ties binding recalled past to recalling present. The “effervescent moments” become therefore the ways in which people, individually as well as collectively, construct their biographies and give their current acts meaning. Key words: Hyper-rituals, emotions, soft social facts, religion, effervescence moments.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Lugones

Artículo aparecido en Hypatia, vol 25, No. 4 (Otoño, 2010).Traducido por Gabriela Castellanos.Resumen: Este trabajo se pregunta cómo pensar sobreinteracciones íntimas, cotidianas de resistencia a la diferenciacolonial, defi niendo intimidad no exclusivamente niprincipalmente en términos de relaciones sexuales, sino dela vida social entretejida entre personas que no están actuandocomo representantes o funcionarias. Se parte de laidea de que la lógica categorial dicotómica y jerárquica escentral para el pensamiento capitalista y colonial modernosobre raza, género y sexualidad, y de que los colonizadosfueron defi nidos desde el primer momento de la colonizacióncomo no-humanos, cuya animalidad les impedía servistos como hombres y mujeres, aun considerando a lasmujeres blancas como no-hombres. Se muestra el vínculoentre la introducción colonial del concepto instrumentalmoderno de la naturaleza que es central para el capitalismo,y la introducción colonial del concepto modernode género. Se propone un feminismo descolonial, con unfuerte énfasis en una intersubjetividad historizada, encarnada,entablando una crítica de la opresión de géneroracializada, colonial y capitalista, heterosexualista, comouna transformación vivida de lo social. En oposición a lajerarquización dicotómica que caracteriza la colonialidadcapitalista y moderna, se plantea el movimiento hacia lacoalición que nos impulsa a conocernos el uno al otrocomo sí mismos que son densos, en relación, en socialidadesalternativas y basadas en formas tensas, creativas,de habitar la diferencia colonial. Para ello es necesario elanálisis de la opresión de género racializada y capitalista,es decir, de “la colonialidad del género”, a fi n de vencerlamediante el “feminismo descolonial”.Palabras clave: Género, feminismo, colonialidad,descolonial, modernidadToward a Decolonial FeminismAbstract: This paper asks how to think about intimateeveryday interactions of resistance to colonial difference,defi ning intimacy not exclusively or even primarily in termsof sexual relations, but of social life interwoven amongpeople who are not acting as representatives or functionaries.It starts out from the idea that the dichotomousand hierarchical categorial logic is central for moderncapitalist and colonial thought about race, gender andsexuality, and that the colonized were defi ned from the verybeginning as non-humans, whose bestiality did not allowfor their being seen as men or women, even when whitewomen were considered as non-men. The link between thecolonial introduction of the modern instrumental conceptof nature is shown to be central for capitalism and for thecolonial introduction of the modern concept of gender. Adecolonial feminism is proposed, with a strong emphasison an incarnate, historicized intersubjectivity, posing criticismof the racialized, colonial, capitalist, heterosexualistgender oppression, as a lived transformation of the social.In opposition to the dichotomous hierarchization characteristicof capitalist, modern coloniality, it is proposed tostrengthen the movement toward coalition which impels usto get to know each other as dense, in-relation selves, inalternative socialities based on tense, creative habitationsof the colonial difference. For this we need the analysisof racialize3d and capitalist gender oppression, that is, ofthe coloniality of gender, in order to overcome it by meansof “decolonial feminism”.Key Words: Gender, feminism, coloniality, resistencia,modernity


Xihmai ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith Lima Báez [1]

ResumenEl propósito del artí­culo es mostrar que gays y lesbianas buscan estrategias diversas para acceder a la paternidad y maternidad respectivamente, y así­ conformar familias, o bien, visibilizar las que ya existí­an. Aun cuando hay un debate en torno a la aceptación social de los matrimonios igualitarios, las familias homoparentales son una realidad que supera el orden jurí­dico y son cada vez más visibles. El artí­culo se deriva de una investigación de corte cualitativo, particularmente bajo el enfoque de estudios de caso y la interseccionalidad como eje metodológico. El trabajo de investigación se realizó desde el 2013 hasta principios de 2016. Palabras clave: Lesbianas, gays, reproducción asistida, adopción, acogida, heterosexualidad.AbstractThe purpose of this article is to show that gays and lesbians are seeking different strategies to access parenthood respectively and thus, form families, or visualize the existing ones. Although there is debate about the social acceptance of same-sex marriages, lesbian and gays families are a reality that exceeds the legal order and are increasingly visible. The article is derived from qualitative research, particularly under the case study approach and intersectionality as a methodological axis. The research was carried out from 2013 until the early of 2016. Key words: Lesbians, gays, assisted reproduction, adoption, foster care, heterosexuality. [1] Doctora en Pedagogí­a por la Facultad de Filosofí­a y Letras de la UNAM, Maestra en Educación por la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional -Hidalgo y Licenciada en Pedagogí­a por la Facultad de Filosofí­a y Letras de la UNAM. Académica de tiempo completo de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, unidad 131 y docente de asignatura de la Universidad La Salle Pachuca.


2021 ◽  
pp. 045-068

Resumen: En este trabajo pretendemos exponer cómo el compromiso formulado por Galdós de retratar la sociedad que le rodea, mostrar sus defectos e intentar encontrar fórmulas para mejorarla, caló hondo en algunos novelistas sociales españoles contemporáneos como Juan Marsé, Rafael Chirbes, Almudena Grandes, o Antonio Muñoz Molina, entre otros. Para ello, en primer lugar, presentaremos cuáles eran los principios filosófico-sociales de Benito Pérez Galdós, seguidamente veremos cuál era la importancia que tenían la sociedad y la historia en su literatura, y por último analizaremos la huella galdosiana en los novelistas sociales de nuestro tiempo. Palabras clave: Benito Pérez Galdós, sociedad, principios filosóficos, huella, novelistas sociales. The footprint of Galdós In the Contemporary Spanish Social Novel Abstract: In this work, we intend to outline how Galdós' commitment to portray the society around him, to show its defects and to try to find ways to improve it, found its way into some contemporary Spanish social novelists such as Juan Marsé, Rafael Chirbes, Almudena Grandes and Antonio Muñoz Molina, among others. To this end, we will first present the philosophical and social principles of Benito Pérez Galdós, then we will see what importance society and history had in his literature, and finally we will analyse the Galdosian imprint on the social novelists of our time. Key words: Benito Pérez Galdós, society, philosophical principles, imprint, social novelists


Author(s):  
Gilson Pereira

A partir da análise dos textos publicados na Revista de Ensino, publicada pela Associação Beneficente do Professorado Público de São Paulo, pretende demonstrar que a alquimia simbólica de se mostrar convenientemente desinteressado e de proclamar o desinteresse adquiriu, para o campo educacional, a forma específica da ocultação do interesse em nome de valores sublimes, expressa numa recusa, ora velada, ora explícita, da dimensão econômica da vida social. Essa foi uma forma de estratégia adequada aos jogos propriamente simbólicos praticados no Estado de São Paulo, durante o processo de constituição e autonomização do campo educacional. Palavras-chave: interesse; valores; profissão docente; campo educacional. Abstract Based on the analysis of some articles published in Revista de Ensino, organ from the São Paulo Public Teaching Charity Association, this study aims to demonstrate that the symbolic alchemy of showing conveniently a detachment and to proclaim disinterest obtained, for the educational area, the specific feature of the hidden interest in name of the sublime values, expressed in a refusal either veiled or clear, of the social life economic dimension. It was a strategic way suitable to the properly symbolic games practiced, in São Paulo State, during the constitution and autonomization process of the educational area. Key-words: interest; value, academician; educational area.


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