Traumatic Insight on Film Memory: Forced Assimilation in the Focus of Post-totalitarian Bulgarian Documentaries

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Andronika Màrtonova
Keyword(s):  
Social Engineering ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Traumatic Memory ◽  
The Past ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Confessional Unity ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
In The Beginning

Documentaries cover the subject of the extremely tragic processes of forced assimilation of Muslim population in Bulgaria in different ways. During the Communist regime, they feature the negative political visions. Social engineering in the totalitarian state aimed at confessional unity of the nation and this process was especially intense during the 1980s. Documentaries were a part of the government manipulative tools that targeted revival of the communist nationalism and an apprehensive play on the strings of patriotism. Cultural propaganda covered up repression, assaults, forced change of names, forced deportation, internment in prison camps, harassment of intellectuals from the Muslim community, and human rights violation. After 1989, Bulgarian filmmaking started interpreting this traumatic past in a different way, making a reassessment of history. Documentaries also took an active part in the debate on totalitarianism, using the screen to throw light on the political crimes. Beyond any dispute, one of the most painful subjects is the violence against Muslim communities that escalates to genocide. The subject of assimilation was more intensely covered during the 1990s and in the beginning of the Millennium. During the last decade, it gradually faded away and young authors today even neglect it. Although many good films have been made, we still get the feeling of insufficiency and understatement. The cinematic interpretations reactivate and question the traumatic memory, and further diagnose society. Quality documentary filmmaking always provides a multifaceted image of the past, preserves memories, and manages to aestheticize history in opposition to the trivial media images of the trauma. This paper analyses the genre and typological patterns specific for post-totalitarian Bulgarian documentaries. The focus of the study falls on leading authors, such as Maria Trayanova, Tatiana Vaksberg, Ivan Rossenov, Adela Peeva, Iglika Trifonova, Antony Donchev, Stanislava Kalcheva, Irina Nedeva and Andrey Getov, Dimitar Kotzev-Shosho. Two imagery trends are mainly identified: 1) documentary investigation with reconstruction of historical chronology and handling extremely valuable archives; 2) domination of the apprehensive portraiture genre, where personal records of events shape the picture of events in the past and track the consequences in the present. So far, Bulgarian film studies lack any full comparative study of the screen interpretation of assimilation processes before and after 1989.

Some Actuarial Aspects of Unemployment Insurance

1929 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-160
Author(s):  
J. G. Kyd ◽  
G. H. Maddex
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
Poor Laws ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Poor ◽  
National Insurance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government

Judged by the amount of space devoted to the subject in the Journal of the Institute, Unemployment Insurance has received but little attention from actuaries in the past Public interest in the problem of relieving distress due to unemployment became pronounced in the early years of the present century and led to the appointment in 1904 of a Royal Commission on the Poor Laws and, eventually, to the passing in 1911 of the first Unemployment Insurance Act. These important events found a somewhat pallid reflection in our proceedings in the form of reprints of extracts from Sir H. Llewellyn Smith's address on Insurance against Unemployment to the British Association in 1910 (J.I.A., vol. xliv, p. 511) and of Mr. Ackland's report on Part II of the National Insurance Bill (J.I.A., vol. xlv, p. 456). At a later date, when the scope of the national scheme was very greatly widened, the Government Actuary's report on the relevant measure—the Unemployment Insurance Bill 1919—was reprinted in the Journal (J.I.A., vol. lii, page 72).

scholarly journals Methods of historicization of estate landscapes of Moscow

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-74
Author(s):  
Elena Nikolaevna Chernyavskaya
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Soviet Time ◽  
New Construction ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Modern Vision ◽  
The Government

The object of this research is the methods used in design practices of post-Soviet time to give historical appearance to landscapes of former estates of Moscow region, which faded away, i.e. the methods of historicization. The landscapes under review are being protected by the government as the objects of Moscow cultural heritage, and designated as museums (reserve museums) and public parks. The subject of this research is disclosure of the essence of these methods and their assessment from the perspective of alignment with historical primary sources, implementation, proliferation, and attractiveness. The author conducts systematization of methods in accordance to the degree of conformance to the historical realities, and divides them into the following groups: 1) that provide accurate reproduction of historical forms, 2) that create similarities, 3) that create new forms. Each group is divided into subgroups. By frequency of application, the leading place belongs to the methods of first group, which are aimed at reproduction of the shapes of buildings and structures. The rest two methods focus on reviving the memory of the past. The application is attributed to new construction, which can be assessed as landscape evolution and a modern artistic phenomenon. The methods of second group lead to landscape development in spirit of historicism, while the methods of third group – to the development of territory based on modern vision of the past. The conducted analysis is valued for the general outlook upon the process of preservation of one of the most complex types of cultural heritage of Moscow.

scholarly journals Addressing inequality in Malaysia through corporate social intrapreneurship

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Asrif Omar Che Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Coordination And Collaboration ◽  
Social Sectors

Inequality has been a long standing issue in Malaysia, although the situation has been statistically improving over the past 40 years. From a Gini coefficient of 0.51 in 1970, the government has done considerably well to bring the figure down to 0.39 in 2016. Efforts toward improving the situation are aplenty, but there is room for improvement in terms of the coordination and collaboration of initiatives that are carried out within the public, private, and social sectors. This paper explores the idea of corporate social intrapreneurship as a potential vehicle to mitigate inequality in the country for the long term. Through the analysis of existing literatures and data on the subject, the aim is to first of all, provide a historical and global context on how the roles of corporation have evolved over the years, discuss the transformative views on social intrapreneurship against traditional corporate social responsibility, and offer considerations to further corporate social intrapreneurship initiatives through public-private partnerships in Malaysia.

生活困擾: 試論九七前後香港的貧窮問題

2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 73-90
Author(s):  
宏泰 鄭 ◽  
紹倫 黃
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Effective Action ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
The Past ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
Working Situation

本文嘗試引用自1988至2001年期間所進行的全港性社會指標調查資料，分析香港的貧窮問題。從數據上看，我們發現香港社會已明顯地出現“貧者愈貧”的現象。若受訪者是來自低教育、低收入以至低技術階層的話，他們陷入貧窮困局的機會便愈大。受訪的貧窮者當中對家庭、個人以至工作各方面的不滿情緒，往往較那些生活條件充裕者大；至於對經濟環境、就業和政府管治方面的怨憤，也較為強烈。以上各種趨勢，不但十分突顯，而且有愈來愈嚴重的傾向，值得當局小心處理。 With reference to the territory-wide household survey data that was obtained from 1988 to 2001, this paper tries to analyze the poverty problem in Hong Kong before and after the hand-over. Our data clearly shows that in the past one and a half decades, the poverty problem has become worst. In comparison with the well-off families, respondents who came from the poorer families have become more dissatisfied with the living environment, the working situation, economic prospectus as well as the administration of the government. If the government would not take effective action to solve this worsening poverty problem, the foundation of the territory's social stability will be threatened.

On the determination of the critical duration in certain actuarial problems

1950 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 200-204
Author(s):  
H. Nagler
Keyword(s):  
Critical Duration ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Reproductive Rates ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Compound Interest ◽  
Interest Payments

Students of the subjects of compound interest and life contingencies are usually baffled by the type of problem in which the value of a premium, say P, can only be ascertained when one knows the number of years, say n, after which there is some definite change in the conditions of the problem. Such is, for example, the valuation of a variable annuity-certain subject to different remunerative and reproductive rates of interest when, in the beginning, the payments under the annuity are too small to meet requisite interest payments. In Chapter IV, article 16, of Todhunter, the student is advised that in such cases the value must in general be sought by trial and error. Similar exhortations perplex the student's mind when he turns to the subject of life contingencies, in which he is frequently required to evaluate the premium for a complicated assurance in which the death benefit is defined by different expressions before and after a period of time which is itself unknown.

Panicker, K.C.S. (1911–1977)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Clark
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
International Level ◽  
Visual Material ◽  
The Past ◽  
Active Life ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Invented Tradition ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Subject

Kovalezhi Cheerampathoor Sankaran Paniker was of Malayali background but spent most of his active life as a painter, teacher, and organizer in Madras, now Chennai, in Tamil Nadu. His work is important for three reasons: it shows his own stylistic trajectory out of the modernist dilemmas faced by an artist before and after Indian Independence; it indicates the way Indian visual material from Malayalam script to magical diagrams could be mobilized to produce a kind of abstract pictorial discourse; it manifests how a regionally based artist could link up with and generate significant modernist work at a national and international level. Modernism is a reflexive discourse where the subject is how an art form manifests the modern, the position which relativizes the past, to make new selections of pre-modern exemplars where the modern becomes a pair with an invented tradition, and distances practice from a naturalized, unconscious customary. Modernism’s subject is the modality of the modern. Paniker’s work clearly shows this shift from a humanist identification with the Indian poor or politically oppressed using the practices of Post-Impressionism to the early-1950s. He moves to an identification with the Indian folk as a repository of visual experience but also a public visuality with considerable pre-colonial history.

Сучасна українська література в об’єктиві студій пам’яті: жіночі виміри

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
Oksana Pukhonska
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Cultural Discourse ◽  
Traumatic Memory ◽  
Important Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Democratic Societies

The article is dedicated to a very important topic, which belongs not only to literature but also to Ukrainian history, culture and social life. Speaking about memory, we mean the experience of the past, which very often influences the main aspects of our modernity, in particular, if we are talking about traumatic experience of the history, which was not rethought and did not become a socio-cultural discourse. In the context of the mentioned research problem, the fact that women experience cruelty, humiliation, and injustice is one of those questions, which were not solved during the last decades of developing of democratic societies. Contemporary Ukrainian literature tries to find a solution of unfair reception of the past using a very important method of rethinking traumatic memory. That is why it becomes the subject of different researches, one of which is in the suggested article.

scholarly journals Constructing ‘suspect’ communities and Britishness: Mapping British press coverage of Irish and Muslim communities, 1974–2007

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri C Nickels ◽  
Lyn Thomas ◽  
Mary J Hickman ◽  
Sara Silvestri
Keyword(s):  
Press Coverage ◽  
State Security ◽  
Central Concern ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
British Press ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Negative Stereotyping

There exist many parallels between the experiences of Irish communities in Britain in the past and those of Muslim communities today. However, although they have both been the subject of negative stereotyping, intelligence profiling, wrongful arrest and prejudice, little research has been carried out comparing how these communities are represented in the media. This article addresses this gap by mapping British press coverage of events involving Irish and Muslim communities that occurred between 1974 and 2007. The analysis shows that both sets of communities have been represented as ‘suspect’ to different degrees, which the article attributes to varying perceptions within the press as to the nature of the threat Irish and Muslim communities are thought to pose to Britain. The article concludes that a central concern of the press lies with defending its own constructions of Britishness against perceived extremists, and against abuses of power and authority by the state security apparatus.

scholarly journals MANGROVES DEGRADATION: A LOCAL PERSPECTIVE ON ITS AWARENESS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazni Adibah Abd Rahman ◽  
M. Zainora Asmawi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Illegal Logging ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Local Perspective ◽  
The Government

Mangroves in Malaysia reside on the coastlines, and the largest areas of mangrove are in the Northern Sabah. Over the past decades, mangrove species have been reported to be disappearing from the globe. It is due to several natural processes that have been inserted to fill the needs of the increased population. These include illegal logging, agriculture activities and urbanisation. In this regards, awareness of the local residents about the problem of mangrove depletion is important to inhibit the problem to prolong further.Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the degree of awareness of local residents on the importance of mangroves in managing environmental quality. Consequently, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 103 respondents to examine their awareness on the subject of mangrove degradation.The respondents were selected randomly among local residents of Kuala Selangor district.It is found that only twenty percent of the total number of respondents are totallyaware of the issue and acted upon it; either taking part in the endeavours made by the government as well as those with the non-governmental bodies or practicing mangroves replanting at their backyard.

scholarly journals ULIL AMRI AUTHORITY ON LIMITATION OF CONGREGATIONAL WORSHIPS IN THE PANDEMIC OF COVID-19 IN PERSPECTIVE OF FIQH SIYASAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-135
Author(s):  
Mustafa MH.
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Muslim Communities

ABSTRACTThis article discusses the issue of limiting worship of Muslims in Indonesia, during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is regulated by Ulil Amri in Indonesia, namely the Government and Majelis Ulama Indonesia. In the regulation of restrictions on worship, it is not implemented as it should. There is a group of Muslim communities, which do not comply with the policy. This article is a literature study with a qualitative approach. The data in this study were produced from literature processing from various views of fuqaha, which is viewed from the perspective of fiqh siyasah. The results of the study concluded that Ulil Amri has full authority on social and ijtihadi (furu) issues, but not on the subject matter (ushul) of religion because it is the authority of Allah SWT as al-Shari '(maker of the Shari'a). Included in the Ulil Amri authority is issuing policies in preventing and overcoming the spread of the coronavirus in Indonesia, by implementing a policy of limiting worship, based on the fatwa from Majelis Ulama Indonesia, and with regulations issued officially by the Government.Keywords: COVID-19; Ulil Amri Authority; Worship Restrictions, Islamic Law

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document