scholarly journals Family Structure and Peer Group as Risk Factors to Suicidal Behaviour among the Youths in Ekiti State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 33-47
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Peer Group

ADOLESCENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF STRESSORS CONTRIBUTING TO SUICIDAL BEHAVIOUR

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-213
Author(s):  
Henriëtte Van den Berg ◽  
Hester Tancred ◽  
Dap Louw
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
The Impact

South African adolescents show increased levels of suicidal behaviour. This article explores the perceptions of adolescents at risk of suicide regarding the psychosocial stressors they believe contribute to suicidal behaviour among South African adolescents. This study was conducted on 214 adolescents from the Western Cape Province with a high suicide risk. The group was selected on the basis of their high scores on the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire. A qualitative content analysis was performed with their responses on a question about the reasons for adolescent suicide. The analysis highlighted risk factors relating to substance abuse, negative emotional experiences, lack of self-esteem, problem-solving ability and hope for the future; negative family environment and conflict in family relationships; peer group and romantic relationships; stressful life events; and socioeconomic factors. Guided by the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory suggestions were made for adolescent resource development to counter-act the impact of the various stressors they experience.

Correlates of Youth Suicide Attempters in Australian Community and Clinical Samples

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Carter ◽  
Cathy Issakidis ◽  
Kerrie Clover
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Community Control ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Health Related

Objective: This study (i) explores differences between a clinical sample of deliberate selfpoisoning (DSP) patients and a community sample who reported previous attempted suicide (AS); and (ii) examines correlates of suicidal behaviour in these groups compared with a community control group (CC) with no suicidal behaviour. Method: The study design was: case–case, case–control and cross-sectional population studies. A clinical sample of DSP (n = 51), a community sample of AS (n = 31) and a community sample with no suicidal behaviour (n = 842) were used, all aged 18–24 years. The DSP and AS groups were compared on several variables and two logistic regression models were developed for risk of (i) DSP and (ii) AS compared to community controls. Results: The adjusted odds ratios for DSP were: female gender (OR = 5.7, CI = 1.7–19.4), anxiety (OR = 7.4, CI = 2.2–25.1), affective (OR = 23.0, CI = 6.9–76.5), or substance-use disorder (OR = 19.2, CI = 5.6–65.4) and greater mental health related disability (OR = 0.5, CI = 0.3–0.7 for 1 SD decrease). For AS the results were: anxiety (OR = 9.4, CI = 1.7–52.8) or substance-use disorder (OR = 3.0, CI = 1.1–8.7) and greater mental health disability (OR = 0.5, CI = 0.4–0.7). Affective disorder was close to significant for the AS group (OR = 4.0, CI = 0.9–17.1). Conclusions: Correlates of DSP/AS were usually more powerful in the clinical group, but showed a similar pattern of psychiatric disorder and disability factors in both groups, supporting a continuum of risk factors across these groups. Interventions based on modifiable risk factors could target the same factors for public health, primary care or hospital populations: anxiety, depression and substance use disorders and mental health related disability.

scholarly journals Toward a Comprehensive Developmental Model for Alcohol Use Disorders in Men

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Kendler ◽  
Charles O. Gardner ◽  
Carol A. Prescott
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Late Adolescent

The multiple risk factors for alcohol use (AU) and alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are interrelated through poorly understood pathways, many of which begin in childhood. In this report, the authors seek to develop an empirical, broad-based developmental model for the etiology of AU and AUDs in men. We assessed 15 risk factors in four developmental tiers in 1,794 adult male twins from the Virginia population based twin registry. The best fitting model explained 39% of the variance in late adolescent AU, and 30% of the liability to lifetime symptoms of AUD. AU and AUDs can be best understood as arising from the action and interaction of two pathways reflecting externalizing genetic/temperamental and familial/social factors. Peer group deviance was important in each pathway. Internalizing symptoms played a more minor role. Familial/social factors were especially important influences on AU, while genetic/temperamental factors were more critical for AUDs. We conclude that AU and AUDs in men are complex traits influenced by genetic, family, temperamental, and social factors, acting and interacting over developmental time.

scholarly journals Socio-demographic, mental health and childhood adversity risk factors for self-harm and suicidal behaviour in College students in Northern Ireland

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan O'Neill ◽  
Margaret McLafferty ◽  
Edel Ennis ◽  
Coral Lapsley ◽  
Tony Bjourson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
College Students ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Self Harm

scholarly journals Suicide following discharge from in-patient psychiatric care

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 434-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike J. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Continuity Of Care ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Clinical Risk Factors ◽  
Service Organisation

The risk of suicide is higher during the period immediately following discharge from in-patient psychiatric care than at any other time in a service user's life. Demographic and clinical risk factors for suicide in this period are similar to those for suicide at other times and may not be specific enough to enable identification of those at greatest risk. Epidemiological studies suggest that factors related to service organisation and delivery (e.g. social support and continuity of care) are also important in the aetiology of suicide following hospital discharge. Interventions aimed at helping people in the period immediately following discharge from in-patient care have been developed. Although the effect of these interventions on suicidal behaviour has not been examined, available evidence suggests that efforts to increase patients' confidence and level of social support may be of value.

Broken Home or Drug using Peers: “Significant Relations”?

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Quensel ◽  
Paul McArdle ◽  
Aoife Brinkley ◽  
Auke Wiegersma ◽  
M. Blom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Single Mother ◽  
Group Behavior ◽  
Intact Family ◽  
Composite Risk

This study reports the results of a comparative survey with representative samples of 3,386 school attending youths, most of whom were 15 years of age and residing in five European cities. We found significant but low correlations between the type of family structure (intact family, model family, dual career houshold, single mother) and five forms of deviant behavior (tobacco smoking, cannabis use, delinquency, general drug use and a composite risk behavior scale). These correlations will be displaced by very high correlations with the level of drug using friends/peers. A number of differences were found between the youth from different cities in relation to these concerns. Results indicate differences among the cities in terms of the youths' relationships with drug use/deviance/risky behavior and family structure, gender role, and peer group behavior. This suggests that the cultural meanings associated with family, gender role, peer group, and risk behavior influence deviant outcomes.

Risk factors for suicidal behavior in adolescents from European countries with different suicidal rates: The possible role of cross-cultural differences

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1613-1613
Author(s):  
N. Sedlar ◽  
L. Sprah ◽  
S. Rosker ◽  
H. Jericek Klanscek ◽  
M. Dernovsek
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Health Related

IntroductionAdolescence is a time of developmental shifts that may leave young people especially vulnerable to suicidal behaviour. Suicidal rates in different European countries differ, which may be due to many factors, including cross-cultural differences.AimsWe aimed to explore differences in risk factors for suicidal behaviour (poor subjective health and low life satisfaction, health-related behaviours, including alcohol drinking habits, family and peer factors) between European countries with different suicidal rates.MethodsThe data were collected through questionnaires in the survey ‘Health Behaviour in School-aged Children’, 2005/2006, using nationally representative samples of 15 year old students (N = 11,093) from 7 countries (Lithuania, Finland, Ireland, Slovenia, Norway, Italy, Greece).ResultsPrincipal component analyses were used to characterize how selected risk factors for suicide cluster together into factors. Differences for these factors were compared between 3 groups of countries: countries with low, average and high magnitude of suicidal rates (SDR; suicide death rate per 100 000, 15–29 years). Between group differences on first two factors, loaded by items measuring health-related behaviours, were significant and medium-sized and indicated cultural differences in alcohol use. Youth from Northern European countries - with high SDR, reported greater number of drunkenness occasions, whereas frequency of alcohol intake was greater for youth from Southern European countries - with low SDR.ConclusionsResults indicated a possible association of suicidal behaviour and different drinking cultures, arising from different geographical locations and socio-cultural environments. Therefore research and preventive measures should consider specific socio-cultural context.

Family relationships and internet abuse in 25 European countries

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reynaldo G. Rivera ◽  
David Santos ◽  
Marc Grau Grau ◽  
Laurie F. DeRose
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Positive Parenting ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Internet Abuse ◽  
Sociodemographic Risk

The aim of this article is to understand the link between family relationships and internet abuse (IA) using a sample of 18,709 children in 25 European countries. Our results suggest that family relationships are a significant predictor of IA – even when controlling for other significant individual and country-level factors. According to our results, children in two-parent families were less likely to have IA than children in other types of homes, but their advantage seems to derive from having better family dynamics (manifest in more communicative and less autonomous lifestyles) rather than family structure as such. Moreover, the importance of family structure with respect to IA is mediated by children’s relational lifestyles. This suggests that positive parenting characterised by high levels of dialogue may work as a protective factor of IA. We also identified sociodemographic risk factors: IA is more common among older and male children, those with lower levels of self-efficacy, and those living in large cities. The specific components of advantageous relational lifestyles can guide interventions to protect children from IA.

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