scholarly journals ATTITUDE OF YOUTH ABOUT HIV / AIDS PREVENTION AT SMA 4 KOTA BATAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Haivan Kusuma Aji ◽  
Agung Hadi Pramono
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Aids Prevention ◽  
World Health ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Adolescent Attitudes ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background : According to the World Health Organization (WHO) HIV continues to be a public health problem globally, having claimed more than 35 million lives so far. In Indonesia since the beginning of the HIV-AIDS epidemic, nearly 78 million people have been infected with HIV and around 39 million people have died due to HIV. Adolescence is easily carried over to bad things such as smoking, having sex, drugs, or free sex and low levels of it. reproductive health knowledge including HIV / AIDS. The purpose of this study was to determine adolescent attitudes about HIV / AIDS prevention. Method : This study used a descriptive research design. The length of the study was 6 months with a population of all class X and XI students of SMA N 4 Batam as many as 353 students, the sampling was systematic random sampling with a sample size of 77 respondents. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Result : Research results Adolescents have a positive attitude as many as 50 respondents (64.9%) and 27 respondents (35.1%) have a negative attitude. Conclusion : The conclusion is that more than half of the respondents are positive. Suggestions for the school it is suggested to be able to collaborate with the BKKBN or puskesmas to establish reproductive health services for adolescents in schools, especially on how to prevent HIV / AIDS so that early students have good attitudes and behavior towards HIV / AIDS.

scholarly journals Adolescent mothers’ utilisation of reproductive health services in the Gauteng province of the republic of South Africa

Curationis ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
VJ Ehlers ◽  
T Maja ◽  
E Sellers ◽  
M Gololo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Termination Of Pregnancy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Health Organization

A financial grant was received from the World Health Organization (WHO) during 1998 to establish whether adolescent mothers (aged 19 or younger at the birth of their babies) utilized contraceptive, emergency contraceptive and termination of pregnancy (TOP) services in the Republic of South Africa (RSA). This report refers to data obtained from 111 questionnaires completed by dolescent mothers between January 2000 and May 2000 in the Gauteng Province; 61 in the Pretoria and 50 in the Garankuwa areas, and excluding the 12 completed questionnaires used foi pretesting the research instrument. The biographic data of the 111 adolescent mothers indicated that the minority were married, employed or earned sufficient income to care for themselves and their babies. However, the minority used contraceptives prior to conception, none used emergency contraceptives or termination of pregnancy (TOP) services. The minority attended ante-natal clinics five or more times during their pregnancies, and a negligible number indicated that they had ever been treated for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). These findings indicate that the 111 adolescent mothers in Gauteng who participated in this survey did not make optimum use of the available reproductive health (RH) care services. Education about sex, pregnancy and contraceptives should commence at the age of 10, but no later than the age of 12 as the majority of respondents did not have the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions about their futures. The accessibility of contraceptive, emergency contraceptive and TOP services for adolescents should be investigated in specific areas and attempts made to enhance such accessi- bility. This might necessitate offering these services over weeker| ds or during evenings when school girls could attend without fear of meeting their mothers, aunts or teachers at these clinics.

scholarly journals Kondisi Psikologi, Sosial, dan Spiritual pada Orang dengan HIV/AIDS Selama Pengobatan Antiretroviral di Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS Kota Bogor Tahun 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ervan Meidan Ariatama ◽  
Titik Respati ◽  
Eka Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Aids Prevention ◽  
World Health ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Organization Quality ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Penyakit HIV/AIDS selain mengakibatkan dampak kesehatan dapat juga mengakibatkan dampak negatif terhadap psikologi, sosial, dan spiritual pada kualitas hidup orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA). Antiretroviral (ARV) merupakan obat penghambat proses replikasi HIV yang merupakan solusi untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan harapan hidup penderita. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan kondisi psikologi, sosial, dan spiritual ODHA selama menjalani pengobatan ARV di Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS (KPA) Kota Bogor periode bulan Agustus–September 2019. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode observasi analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data diambil menggunakan kuesioner World Health Organization Quality of Life-HIV Instrument (WHOQOL-HIV Instrument) yang terdiri atas 120 pertanyaan dan terbagi menjadi 6 domain (psikologi, sosial, spiritual, fisik, lingkungan hidup, dan tingkat kebebasan). Pada penelitian ini hanya diambil 3 domain, yaitu psikologi, sosial, dan spiritual dengan jumlah pertanyaan 52 butir yang dibagikan kepada 80 responden dan dilaksanakan selama bulan Agustus sampai bulan September 2019. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan non-probability sampling jenis consecutive sampling berdasar atas rumus besar estimasi proporsi dengan presisi absolut. Hasil menunjukkan mayoritas kondisi psikologi, sosial, dan spiritual ODHA selama pengobatan antiretroviral di KPA Kota Bogor tahun 2019 dalam kondisi baik dengan persentase kondisi psikologi 96%, sosial 99%, dan spiritual 70%. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah kondisi psikologi, sosial, dan spiritual pada ODHA di Komisi Penanggulangan AIDS Kota Bogor tahun 2019 mayoritas dalam kondisi baik, walaupun kondisi spiritual ODHA masih terdapat hasil kurang baik. PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIAL, AND SPIRITUAL CONDITIONS IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS DURING ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT AT THE AIDS PREVENTION COMMISSION AT BOGOR CITY IN 2019Apart from having an impact on health, HIV/AIDS can also have a negative psychological, social, and spiritual impact on people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Antiretroviral (ARV) as drugs that inhibits the process of replication of HIV, which is a solution to improve the quality of life and life expectancy of patients. The purpose of this study was to describe the psychological, social, and spiritual conditions of PLWHA during ARV treatment at the AIDS Prevention Commission in Bogor City in August to September 2019. The study was a cross-sectional study. The research material consisted of primary data taken using the World Health Organization-Quality Instrument HIV questionnaire (WHOQOL-HIV Instrument) consisting of 120 questions and divided into six domains (psychological, social, spiritual, physical, environment, degree of freedom). However, in this study, only three domains studied, which are psychological, social, and spiritual, with 52 questions and then distributed to 80 respondents and carried out from August to September. The sampling technique uses non-probability sampling type consecutive sampling based on large formula of proportion estimation with absolute precision. Results showed the psychological, social, and spiritual condition of PLWHA during antiretroviral treatment at the Bogor City AIDS Commission in 2019 shows a good condition. The majority of good psychological, social, and spiritual domain experienced by 96%, 99%, and 70% of respondents, respectively. The conclusion of this research is the psychological, social, and spiritual conditions of PLWHA in the Bogor AIDS prevention commission in 2019 in the good conditions, even though there was a spiritual condition of ODHA that was still not good.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Dispensing Rate of Isoniazid Used in the Preventive Treatment of Tuberculosis in a Service Specialized in HIV / AIDS

2021 ◽  
pp. 05-21
Author(s):  
Claudinei Alves Santana ◽  
Eliana Battaggia Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Electronic Prescription ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome caused by the human immunodeficiency virus was one of the main epidemics of infectious diseases of the 20th century. Tuberculosis is a chronic, infectious and contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Both diseases interact becoming a major public health problem. Preventive treatment with isoniazid has an option for non-manifestation of tuberculosis. Treatment adhering is essential for successful prevention. Objective: To evaluate the rate of compliance with preventive treatment with isoniazid, measured through the dispensation of the drug in the pharmacy and the factors associated between subjects with HIV/AIDS and Latent infection by Mycobacterium tuberculousis followed in specialized service in the care of HIV/AIDS patients. Methodology: Retrospective and prospective, descriptive and analytical study with adult patients with HIV/AIDS in follow-up, Extension Service for the Care of HIV/AIDS Patients of the Division of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, using the Hospital Information and Management System (SIGH) implemented in the Outpatient Clinics and Pharmacy Service, and performing the analysis of association between the variables of interest and outcome through the student’s t-test with 95% CI, being considered with statistical significance p ≤ 5%. Results: We included 161 subjects who participated in the study being 78.9% male, 67.7% under 50 years of age, 87.0% with more than 5 years of HIV infection, and complications during preventive treatment were present in 12.4% (20). The rate of adhering to preventive treatment with isoniazid in medical records and electronic prescription was 96% and 83%, respectively, both being higher than 80% according to the recommendation of the World Health Organization and there was no association between the variables of interest and outcome. Conclusion: The high rate can be partially justified by practices adopted in medical and pharmaceutical care such as scheduling drug dispensing dates, unification for dispensing of different medications on the same date, information in the pharmacy about factors that increase the effectiveness of treatment. The adequate care and care provided was ultimately the great responsible for the results achieved.

scholarly journals ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGGULANGAN HIV/AIDS DI PUSKESMAS HELVETIA KOTA MEDAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-257
Author(s):  
Muchti Yuda Pratama ◽  
Fitriani Pramita Gurning
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Aids Prevention ◽  
World Health ◽  
Edward Iii ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV/AIDS is a disease that continues to grow and become a global problem that swept the world. According to WHO (World Health Organization) data in 2017, the discovery of cases of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) in the world reached 36.9 million people living with HIV, estimated at 0.8% of people aged 15-49 years worldwide living with HIV. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of HIV/AIDS prevention and control policies in Helvetia Health Center, Medan. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. The informants chosen in the in-depth interview are the holders of HIV/AIDS prevention and control policy programs at the Helvetia Health Center. The number of respondents who filled out the questionnaire was 30 randomly drawn. Triangulation was carried out to check the validity of the data obtained from the results of interviews with informants and the results of filling out the questionnaire by the community in the Helvetia Puskesmas work area. Based on the results of research and discussion on the implementation of HIV/AIDS prevention and control policies conducted by the Helvetia Health Center using the theory of George C. Edward III, it is known that the communication between the implementers of the HIV / AIDS policy program at Helvetia Health Center with the target groups has been going well, the resources the HIV / AIDS program at Helvetia Health Center as a whole is good enough, the disposition or attitude of implementing tendencies already looks very good and the bureaucratic structure factor that can be seen from the indicators is also known that it has been going well.   Penyakit HIV/AIDS merupakan suatu penyakit yang terus berkembang dan menjadi masalah global yang melandadunia. Menurut data WHO (World Health Organization) tahun 2017, penemuan kasus HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) di dunia mencapai 36,9 juta orang hidup dengan HIV, diperkirakan sebanyak 0,8% orang berusia 15-49 tahun di seluruh dunia hidup dengan HIV. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengimplementasian kebijakan pencegahan dan penanggulangan HIV/AIDS di Puskesmas Helvetia Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Informan yang dipilih dalam wawancara mendalaman adalah pemegang program kebijakan pencegahan dan pengendalian HIV/AIDS di Puskesmas Helvetia. Jumlah responden yang mengisi kuesioner sebanyak 30 yang diambil secara acak. Triangulasi dilakukan untuk memeriksa keabsahan data yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara terhadap informan dan hasil pengisian kuesioner oleh masyarakat diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Helvetia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan mengenai implementasi kebijakan pencegahan dan pengendalian HIV/AIDS yang dilakukan oleh Puskemas Helvetia yang menggunakan teori George C. Edward III, diketahui bahwa komunikas iantara pelaksana program kebijakan HIV/AIDS di Puskesmas Helvetia dengan kelompok sasaran telah berjalan dengan baik, sumberdaya pada program HIV/AIDS di Puskesmas Helvetia secara keseluruhan  sudah  cukup  baik, disposisi atau sikap kecenderungan pelaksana sudah terlihat sangat baik dan pada faktor struktur birokrasi yang dapat dilihat dari indikator-indikator juga diketahui bahwasannya telah berjalan dengan baik.

Study of the efficacy of Pathadi Ghanavati with Lajamanda in the management of Aamatisara

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhura Jadhav ◽  
P. D. Londhe
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhoea ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Loose Motion ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Watery Stool ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Effective Remedy ◽  
Trial Drug

Acute Diarrhoea is an important public health problem worldwide. The World Health Organization estimates that there are more than 1000 million cases of Acute Diarrhoea. Loose motion less than 2 weeks that labelled as Acute Diarrhoea. Diarrhoea is described in Ayurvedic classics with the name of ‘Atisara’. It means passing of excessive flow of watery stool through anus. Most important factor in the pathogenesis of Aamatisara is Mandagni. In present study 50 patients of Aamatisara were selected from OPD and IPD of Kayachikitsa department. For the clinical study Pathadi Ghanavati and Lajamanda was selected as the trial drug which was given for the duration of 7 days in the dose of 1gm twice a day. It was observed that 32% patients were from the age group 51-60 years, 70% were females, 62% were from lower-middle socio economic class. Sama Jivha was found in all the patients. Among results loose motion showed 98.75% relief, 97.82% showed improvement in Udarashoola, 97.43% improvement in Agnimandya and Daurbalya each, 100% relief was seen in Aruchi. All the symptoms showed highly significant results. Hence it can be concluded that Pathadi Ghanavati and Lajamanda is very effective remedy in the patients of Aamatisara.

Possible role of Unani Pharmacology in COVID-19 – a narrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Anzar Alam ◽  
Mohd Abdul Gani ◽  
G. Shama ◽  
Ghulamuddin Sofi ◽  
Mohd Aleemuddin Quamri
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Boswellia Serrata ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO), viral diseases continue to rise, and pose a significant public health problem. Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is close to Amraz-e-Wabai (epidemic diseases) which was described by Hippocrates, Galen, Aristotle, Razes, Haly Abbas, Avicenna, Jurjani etc. Presently, there is no specific or challenging treatment available for COVID-19. Renowned Unani Scholars recommended during epidemic situation to stay at home, and fumigate the shelters with aromatics herbs like Ood kham (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.), Kundur (Boswellia serrata Roxb), Kafoor (Cinnamomum camphora L.), Sandal (Santalum album L), Hing (Ferula foetida L.) etc. Use of specific Unani formulations are claimed effective for the management of such epidemic or pandemic situation like antidotes (Tiryaqe Wabai, Tiryaqe Arba, Tiryaqe Azam, Gile Armani), Herbal Decoction (Joshandah), along with Sharbate Khaksi, Habbe Bukhar, Sharbate Zanjabeel, Khamira Marwareed, Jawarish Jalinus, and Sirka (vinegar). Such drugs are claimed for use as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, cardiotonic, and general tonic actions. The study enumerates the literature regarding management of epidemics in Unani medicine and attempts to look the same in the perspective of COVID-19 prevention and management.

Identification of determinants of healthy ageing in Italy: results from the national survey IDAGIT

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Erika Guastafierro ◽  
Ilaria Rocco ◽  
Rui Quintas ◽  
Barbara Corso ◽  
Nadia Minicuci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
World Health ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Ageing Model ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Healthy ageing is a public health problem globally. In Europe, the dependency ratio of the elderly is expected to increase by 21.6 per cent to 51.2 per cent in 2070. The World Health Organization (WHO) study on healthy ageing started in 2002 as a concept whereby all people of all ages should be able to live in a healthy, safe and socially inclusive way. The aim of this study is to present preliminary results of the project Identification of Determinants of Healthy Ageing in Italy (IDAGIT) that aimed to collect data on the active and healthy ageing of the Italian population aged over 18 using the conceptual framework of the WHO's ageing model. To link the determinants of the IDAGIT studies to those of the WHO model, we performed a confirmatory factor analysis which reported these variables as significant (in order of factor loading): smoking, cognition score, comorbidity, outdoor built environment, participation, working expertise and income. Considering comorbidity, 83.8 per cent of the sample declared not having any chronic diseases or to have only one, and regarding neurological diseases, only nine people had received a diagnosis of stroke. Regarding gender, the personal determinants and physical and social environments did not result in statistically significant differences, whereas we found statistical differences between the aged groups in all variables analysed. These results provide a first bio-psycho-social perspective on ageing in the Italian population.

scholarly journals Building evidence on what works (and what does not): practical guidance from the World Health Organization on post-project evaluation of adolescent sexual and reproductive health projects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Igras ◽  
Marina Plesons ◽  
Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Sexual And Reproductive Health ◽  
Project Evaluation ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
What Works ◽  
The World ◽  
Practical Guidance ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Over the past 25 years, there has been significant progress in increasing the recognition of, resources for, and action on adolescent health, and adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) in particular. As with numerous other health areas, however, many of the projects that aim to improve ASRH are implemented without well-thought-out plans for evaluation. As a result, the lessons that projects learn as they encounter and address policy and programmatic challenges are often not extracted and placed in the public arena. In such cases, post-project evaluation (PPE) offers the possibility to generate learnings about what works (and does not work), to complement prospective studies of new or follow-on projects. To fill the gap in the literature and guidance on PPE, the World Health Organization developed The project has ended, but we can still learn from it! Practical guidance for conducting post-project evaluations of adolescent sexual and reproductive health projects. This article provides an overview of the guidance by outlining key methodological and contextual challenges in conducting PPE, as well as illustrative solutions for responding to them.

Lung Cancer in Brazil

2012 ◽  
pp. 426-431
Author(s):  
Gilberto Schwartsmann
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Incident Cancer ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Tremendous Challenge

Overview: Cancer is now the second leading cause of death in Brazil (after cardiovascular diseases) and a public health problem, with around 500,000 new cases in 2012. Excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer, lung cancer is the second most incident cancer type in men, with 17,210 expected new cases. In women, it is the fifth most incident cancer, with 10,110 expected new cases. The estimated age-adjusted lung cancer mortality rate is about 13/100,000 for men and 5.4/100,000 for women. Lung cancer rates in men increased until the early 1990s and decreased thereafter, especially in the younger population. In contrast, a steady upward trend was observed for women. The positive effects in men were probably due to the successful anti-tobacco campaign conducted in Brazil over the last decades, which led to a decrease in the adult smoking population, from 32% in the early 1980s to 17% in the 2000s. Although the Brazilian National Cancer Institute is strongly committed to providing excellence in multimodality care to cancer patients, limitations in availability and adequate geographic distribution of specialists and well-equipped cancer centers are evident. Major disparities in patient access to proper staging and state-of-the-art treatment still exist. Considering that World Health Organization (WHO) officials estimate that cancer will become the number one cause of death in most developing countries, including Brazil, in the next decades, it is highly recommended for government authorities to implement firm actions to face this tremendous challenge.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Reproductive Health Status of Adult Prison Inmates in Osun State, Nigeria

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Olugbenga-Bello ◽  
O. A. Adeoye ◽  
K. G. Osagbemi
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prison Inmates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
Condom Usage ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction. All over the world, numbers of prisoners have being increasing with majority in the sexually active age group; hence diseases such as HIV, Tuberculosis and Hepatitis are more prevalent in prisons than in the community. This study thus aims to provide an overview of the reproductive health status of adult prison inmates in Osun State.Methodology. This is a cross-sectional study among adult inmates in Osun State prison. Data was obtained from 209 selected respondents using pre-tested semi structured questionnaire.Result. Majority of the respondents were in the age group 20–39 years with mean age of30.9+7.5. 73.2% are aware of STIs, 93.3% HIV/AIDS and 81.3% contraception. 54.6% had multiple sexual partners before incarceration and 23.3% of them used condom always. 89.5% were not involved in any sexual practice inside the prison, 9.1% masturbated and 1.4% had homosexual partners. Less than 6% had access to male condoms gotten from prison staffs and prison clinics.Conclusion and recommendation. No comprehensive reproductive health care system to address reproductive health services in prisons. Respondents’ knowledge about STIs, HIV/AIDS and contraception is good, but their condom usage is low compared with the knowledge. Government should put in place specific reproductive health programmes in prisons.

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