scholarly journals Neuromuscular exercises: A new perspective in knee osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-316
Author(s):  
Jyoti Sabharwal ◽  
◽  
Shabnam Joshi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Training Programmes

Background. Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent arthropathy across the world. It presents with swelling, pain, decreased range of motion (ROM) and instability. Patients also complain of thigh muscle weakness and lower limb weakness resulting in poor joint shielding and joint overload. Owing to these presenting features patients are prone to increased risk of morbidity and are forced to live with functional impairment. Exercises are one of the vital intervention programme used in knee OA. Exercises lead to improvement in physical function, strengthening of the muscles and reduction in pain. Neuromuscular exercises have effects on functional performance, biomechanics and activation pattern of surrounding musculatures of the patient. Therefore, neuromuscular exercises may prove to be beneficial in enhancing the efficacy of exercise training programmes in such patients due to functional instability and disturbed neuromuscular function. Purpose. This article intends to review the effect and role of neuromuscular exercises in the management of knee osteoarthritis. Method. Comprehensive computerized search was performed on Google Scholar, Pubmed and Cochrane. Conclusion. By evaluating various articles on neuromuscular exercises in knee osteoarthritis the present review suggest that neuromuscular exercises are helpful in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals Small Noncoding RNAs in Knee Osteoarthritis: The Role of MicroRNAs and tRNA-Derived Fragments

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5711
Author(s):  
Julian Zacharjasz ◽  
Anna M. Mleczko ◽  
Paweł Bąkowski ◽  
Tomasz Piontek ◽  
Kamilla Bąkowska-Żywicka
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Small Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Cartilage Homeostasis

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative knee joint disease that results from the breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone, affecting about 3.3% of the world's population. As OA is a multifactorial disease, the underlying pathological process is closely associated with genetic changes in articular cartilage and bone. Many studies have focused on the role of small noncoding RNAs in OA and identified numbers of microRNAs that play important roles in regulating bone and cartilage homeostasis. The connection between other types of small noncoding RNAs, especially tRNA-derived fragments and knee osteoarthritis is still elusive. The observation that there is limited information about small RNAs different than miRNAs in knee OA was very surprising to us, especially given the fact that tRNA fragments are known to participate in a plethora of human diseases and a portion of them are even more abundant than miRNAs. Inspired by these findings, in this review we have summarized the possible involvement of microRNAs and tRNA-derived fragments in the pathology of knee osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals Postural Stability and Proprioception Abnormalities in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1469
Author(s):  
Luciana Labanca ◽  
Giuseppe Barone ◽  
Stefano Zaffagnini ◽  
Laura Bragonzoni ◽  
Maria Grazia Benedetti
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Functional Score ◽  
Functional Abilities ◽  
Knee Score ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Ongoing Assessment ◽  
And Training

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) leads to the damage of all joint components, with consequent proprioceptive impairment leading to a decline in balance and an increase in the risk of falls. This study was aimed at assessing postural stability and proprioception in patients with knee OA, and the relation between the impairment in postural stability and proprioception with the severity of OA and functional performance. Thirty-eight patients with knee OA were recruited. OA severity was classified with the Kellgren–Lawrence score. Postural stability and proprioception were assessed in double- and single-limb stance, in open- and closed-eyes with an instrumented device. Functional performance was assessed using the Knee Score Society (KSS) and the Short Performance Physical Battery (SPPB). Relationships between variables were analyzed. Postural stability was reduced with respect to reference values in double-limb stance tests in all knee OA patients, while in single-stance only in females. Radiological OA severity, KSS-Functional score and SPPB were correlated with greater postural stability impairments in single-stance. Knee OA patients show decreased functional abilities and postural stability impairments. Proprioception seems to be impaired mostly in females. In conclusion, clinical management of patients with OA should include an ongoing assessment and training of proprioception and postural stability during rehabilitation.

scholarly journals High systemic bone mineral density increases the risk of incident knee OA and joint space narrowing, but not radiographic progression of existing knee OA: the MOST study

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (01) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Nevitt ◽  
Y Zhang ◽  
M K Javaid ◽  
T Neogi ◽  
J R Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Joint Space Narrowing ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Increased Risk

Objectives:Previous studies suggest that high systemic bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with incident knee osteoarthritis (OA) defined by osteophytes but not with joint space narrowing (JSN), and are inconsistent regarding BMD and progression of existing OA. The association of BMD with incident and progressive tibiofemoral OA was tested in a large prospective study of men and women aged 50–79 years with or at risk for knee OA.Methods:Baseline and 30-month weight-bearing posteroanterior and lateral knee radiographs were scored for Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grade, JSN and osteophytes. Incident OA was defined as the development of K-L grade ⩾2 at follow-up. All knees were classified for increases in grade of JSN and osteophytes from baseline. The association of gender-specific quartiles of baseline BMD with risk of incident and progressive OA was analysed using logistic regression, adjusting for covariates.Results:The mean (SD) age of 1754 subjects was 63.2 (7.8) years and body mass index was 29.9 (5.4) kg/m2. In knees without baseline OA, higher femoral neck and whole body BMD were associated with an increased risk of incident OA and increases in grade of JSN and osteophytes (p<0.01 for trends); adjusted odds were 2.3–2.9-fold greater in the highest compared with the lowest BMD quartiles. In knees with existing OA, progression was not significantly related to BMD.Conclusions:In knees without OA, higher systemic BMD was associated with a greater risk of the onset of JSN and K-L grade ⩾2. The role of systemic BMD in early knee OA pathogenesis warrants further investigation.

scholarly journals Associations of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components with the Risk of Incident Knee Osteoarthritis Leading to Hospitalization: A 32-Year Follow-up Study

Cartilage ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 194760351989473
Author(s):  
Sanna Konstari ◽  
Katri Sääksjärvi ◽  
Markku Heliövaara ◽  
Harri Rissanen ◽  
Paul Knekt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Full Model ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome Components ◽  
Reduced Risk

Objectives To examine whether metabolic syndrome or its individual components predict the risk of incident knee osteoarthritis (OA) in a prospective cohort study during a 32-year follow-up period. Design The cohort consisted of 6274 participants of the Mini-Finland Health Survey, who were free from knee OA and insulin-treated diabetes at baseline. Information on the baseline characteristics, including metabolic syndrome components, hypertension, elevated fasting glucose, elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein, and central obesity were collected during a health examination. We drew information on the incidence of clinical knee OA from the national Care Register for Health Care. Of the participants, 459 developed incident knee OA. In our full model, age, gender, body mass index, history of physical workload, smoking history, knee complaint, and previous injury of the knee were entered as potential confounding factors. Results Having metabolic syndrome at baseline was not associated with an increased risk of incident knee OA. In the full model, the hazard ratio for incident knee OA for those with metabolic syndrome was 0.76 (95% confidence interval [0.56, 1.01]). The number of metabolic syndrome components or any individual component did not predict an increased risk of knee OA. Of the components, elevated plasma fasting glucose was associated with a reduced risk of incident knee OA (hazard ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval [0.55, 0.91]). Conclusions Our findings do not support the hypothesis that metabolic syndrome or its components increase the risk of incident knee OA. In fact, elevated fasting glucose levels seemed to predict a reduced risk.

scholarly journals P129 Adolescent knee pain and risk of knee osteoarthritis 50 years later

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A Clynes ◽  
Faidra Laskou ◽  
Mark H Edwards ◽  
Cyrus Cooper ◽  
Angela Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Meniscal Tear ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Self Report ◽  
P Value ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Adolescent knee pain is a common complaint which may be due to patellar dislocation, meniscal tear, Osgood-Schlatter’s disease or patellofemoral maltracking. We studied the association of such pain with knee osteoarthritis (OA) 50 years later using a retrospective cohort design. Methods This study was based in the Hertfordshire Cohort Study, a cohort of men and women born in 1931 - 9. Participants completed a questionnaire detailing recall of adolescent knee pain, self-reported OA, demographics, lifestyle and The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC). Clinical OA was defined based on the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and assessed at a clinical visit where knee radiographs were also taken and graded according to the methods of Kellgren and Lawrence. Results Completed data were available for 135 men and 139 women. The mean age was 78.8 (SD 2.6) years and the mean (SD) BMI was 26.3 (4.0). Two percent of men (n = 3) and 5% of women (n = 7) reported adolescent knee pain, of which 2 men and 3 women sought medical advice for their knee pain. 1 man and 2 women reported that their pain had been constant since teenage years while 2 men and 4 women reported that it was intermittent in nature. A report of adolescent knee pain was associated with an increased risk of clinical (odds ratio (OR) 5.45, p-value 0.015, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.39 - 21.36); radiological (OR 2.33, p-value 0.228, 95% CI 0.60 - 9.24) and self-report (OR 2.71, p-value 0.134, 95% CI 0.74 - 10.0) of knee OA in later life. After adjustments for age, sex and BMI, adolescent knee pain was associated with an increased risk of clinical (OR 4.80, p-value 0.047, 95% CI 1.02 - 22.53); radiological (OR 1.85, p-value 0.404, 95% CI 0.44 - 7.78); self-report (OR 3.23, p-value 0.10, 95% CI 0.80 - 12.94) although relationships were only significant for clinical knee OA. Conclusion Recalled adolescent knee pain was associated with a clinical diagnosis of knee OA in later life. The lack of association with self-report of OA suggests that this is not simply a consequence of recall bias and exploration in other data sets is now indicated. Disclosures M.A. Clynes: None. F. Laskou: None. M.H. Edwards: None. C. Cooper: None. A. Taylor: None. M. Stokes: None. E.M. Dennison: None.

scholarly journals A Narrative Review on Measurement Properties of Fixed-distance Walk Tests Up To 40 Meters for Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
pp. jrheum.200771
Author(s):  
Hiral Master ◽  
Grace Coleman ◽  
Fiona Dobson ◽  
Kim Bennell ◽  
Rana S. Hinman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Practice Trial ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Fixed Distance ◽  
Increased Risk

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a serious disease and has no cure to date. Knee OA is a leading cause of functional limitation (e.g., difficulty walking). Walking speed is 1 method of quantifying difficulty with walking and should be assessed in clinical practice for adults with knee OA because it has prognostic value and is modifiable. Specifically, slow walking speed is associated with increased risk of adverse health outcomes, including all-cause mortality in adults with knee OA and can be modified by engaging in physical activity or exercise. However, at present, there is little consensus on the distance and instructions used to conduct the walk test. Distance is often selected based on space availability, and instruction varies, from asking the participants to walk at a comfortable pace versus as fast as possible. Therefore, the purpose of this narrative review is to summarize the measurement properties, strengths, and limitations of a fixed-distance walk test ≤ 40 meters in adults with knee OA. Good measurement properties in terms of reliability and validity were observed across the different testing protocols for fixed-distance walk test (i.e., any distance ≤ 40 m and fast- or self-paced). Therefore, clinicians and researchers can select a testing protocol that can safely and consistently be performed over time, as well as provide a practice trial to acclimatize the patients to the fixed-distance walk test.

scholarly journals Phenylalanine Is a Novel Marker for Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis Progression: The MOST Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Guangju Zhai ◽  
Xianbang Sun ◽  
Edward W. Randell ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Radiographic Progression ◽  
Phenylalanine Level ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Site Significance ◽  
Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Group 1

Objective.To identify plasma markers associated with an increased risk of radiographic knee osteoarthritis(OA) progression using a metabolomics approach.Methods.Study participants were from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study (MOST) and were categorized into 2 groups based on the presence of baseline radiographic OA. Subjects in group 1 had unilateral knee OA and subjects in group 2 had bilateral knee OA. Progression was defined as a half-grade or greater worsening in joint space width at 30-month follow-up. For group 1, a participant progressed when their OA knee showed radiographic progression and the contralateral knee developed OA; for group 2, a participant progressed when both knees with OA showed radiographic progression. Metabolomic profiling was performed on plasma samples collected at baseline and logistic regression was performed to test the association between each metabolite and knee OA progression after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and clinic site. Significance was defined as P ≤ 0.0003 in the combined analysis.Results.There were 234 progressors (57 in group 1 and 177 in group 2) and 322 nonprogressors (206 in group 1 and 116 in group 2) included in the analyses. Among 157 metabolites studied, we found that odds of progression were 1.46 times higher per SD increase of phenylalanine level (95% CI 1.20–1.77, P = 0.0001) in the combined analysis. Sex-specific analysis showed that an association was seen in women (P = 0.0002) but not in men.Conclusion.Our data suggest that phenylalanine might be a novel plasma marker for higher risk of bilateral radiographic knee OA progression in women.

scholarly journals Inflammatory potential of diet and risk of incident knee osteoarthritis: a prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Liu ◽  
James R. Hebert ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
Jianjun Guo ◽  
Ke Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Symptomatic Knee ◽  
Osteoarthritis Initiative ◽  
Reduce Risk

Abstract Background To examine the relation between inflammatory potential of diet and incident knee osteoarthritis (OA) and the role of BMI in the association of interest. Methods In the Osteoarthritis Initiative, the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DIITM) scores were calculated based on the Block Brief 2000 Food Frequency Questionnaire and categorized into sex-specific quartiles. Outcomes were incident: (1) radiographic knee OA (ROA) (i.e., a KL grade ≥2), (2) symptomatic knee OA (SxOA) (i.e., a combination of a frequent knee pain and ROA). We fitted generalized estimating equation models to examine the association between E-DII scores and incident knee OA. We performed mediation analyses to assess potential mediation by BMI in the DII-OA relation. Results Over a 48-month follow-up period, 232 and 978 knees developed ROA and SxOA, respectively. Compared with the lowest (most anti-inflammatory) E-DII quartile, the odds ratio (OR) of incident ROA for the highest (most pro-inflammatory) E-DII quartile was 1.73 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15 to 2.62, Ptrend= 0.007). The corresponding OR for SxOA was 1.43 (95% CI: 1.16 to 1.76, Ptrend = 0.001). The DII-OA association was significantly mediated via BMI with an indirect effect of 1.08 (95% CI: 1.04,1.13) for ROA and 1.13 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.16) for SxOA, accounting for 20.4% and 44.5% of total effect, respectively. Conclusions A higher inflammatory potential of diet increased the risk of knee OA. The association was significantly mediated via BMI. Targeting inflammatory potential of diet may be beneficial to reduce risk of knee OA.

scholarly journals IL-6 gene rs12700386 Polymorphism is Associated with Increased Risk of Knee Osteoarthritis Development in Chinese Han Population: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Yang ◽  
Xindie Zhou ◽  
Dongmei Xu ◽  
Gang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: There is an association between Interleukin-6 (IL-6) polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis (OA) risk. The case-control study aims at exploring how IL-6 rs12700386 polymorphism affects the knee OA risk in Chinese Han individuals.Methods: We extracted the DNA from 763 participants, thereinto, 352 were OA patients and 411 were healthy controls. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assisted in genotyping the IL-6 gene polymorphism. The relative expression exhibited by IL-6 in blood samples of knee OA patients was determined via a quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: We found that IL-6 rs12700386 enhanced the knee OA susceptibility. Based on a subgroup analysis, the loci magnified the knee OA risk in smokers, drinkers, and subjects ≥ 55 years old or with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. The combination of smoking and drinking and rs12700386 genotype led to an increase in the knee OA risk, indicating an underlying interaction between gene and environment. Additionally, the rs12700386 was found to be related to increased IL-6 gene levels. Conclusion: These data indicate that rs12700386 polymorphism of IL-6 gene led to an increase in the knee OA risk specific to Chinese Han individuals.

scholarly journals Programa de Intervención Multidominio Healthy-Age. Recomendaciones para un envejecimiento saludable: por la red Healthy-Age (Multidomain Healthy-Age Programme. Recomendations for Healthy Ageing: On Behalf of the Healthy-Age Network)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (48) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Cognitive Disability ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
La Red ◽  
Component Training ◽  
Current Guidelines

El envejecimiento es un proceso natural asociado a un declive que repercute en un mayor riesgo de padecer discapacidad física y cognitiva, y/o afección emocional y social. En consecuencia, diversos estudios muestran los múltiples beneficios de los programas de entrenamiento multicomponente. Además, las directrices actuales amplían este enfoque hacia los programas multidominio. Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es presentar el programa de intervención multidominio Healthy-Age que sigue las recomendaciones de las principales instituciones y literatura científica e incluye los principales dominios (físico, social, cognitivo y motivacional) en las personas mayores. Su finalidad es la de prevenir, mantener o mejorar la salud integral (física, psíquica, emocional y social) y educarles para un envejecimiento saludable. Además de incluir unas recomendaciones generales de actividad física, se muestran recomendaciones para el entrenamiento de la resistencia aeróbica, el equilibrio, la coordinación, la fuerza y resistencia muscular, la flexibilidad y el entrenamiento cognitivo; y se presentan dos modalidades; un plan de 5 días supervisado y un plan de 3 días supervisado más 2 días autónomo. === Ageing is a natural process associated with a decline that results in an increased risk of physical and cognitive disability and/or emotional and sentimental impairment. Consequently, several studies show the multiple benefits of multi-component training programmes. The current guidelines extend this approach to multi-domain programmes. For this reason, the objective of this paper is to present the Healthy-Age multi-domain intervention programme that follows the recommendations of the main institutions and scientific literature and includes the main domains (physical, social, cognitive and motivational) in older people. Its purpose is to prevent, maintain or improve the overall health (physical, psychological, emotional and social level) for a healthy ageing. In addition to including general recommendations of physical activity, recommendations are shown for aerobic resistance, balance, coordination, muscular strength and resistance, flexibility and cognitive training; and two modalities are presented; a 5-day supervised plan and a 3-day supervised plan plus 2 autonomous days.

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