scholarly journals A Narrative Review on Measurement Properties of Fixed-distance Walk Tests Up To 40 Meters for Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
pp. jrheum.200771
Author(s):  
Hiral Master ◽  
Grace Coleman ◽  
Fiona Dobson ◽  
Kim Bennell ◽  
Rana S. Hinman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Practice Trial ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Fixed Distance ◽  
Increased Risk

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a serious disease and has no cure to date. Knee OA is a leading cause of functional limitation (e.g., difficulty walking). Walking speed is 1 method of quantifying difficulty with walking and should be assessed in clinical practice for adults with knee OA because it has prognostic value and is modifiable. Specifically, slow walking speed is associated with increased risk of adverse health outcomes, including all-cause mortality in adults with knee OA and can be modified by engaging in physical activity or exercise. However, at present, there is little consensus on the distance and instructions used to conduct the walk test. Distance is often selected based on space availability, and instruction varies, from asking the participants to walk at a comfortable pace versus as fast as possible. Therefore, the purpose of this narrative review is to summarize the measurement properties, strengths, and limitations of a fixed-distance walk test ≤ 40 meters in adults with knee OA. Good measurement properties in terms of reliability and validity were observed across the different testing protocols for fixed-distance walk test (i.e., any distance ≤ 40 m and fast- or self-paced). Therefore, clinicians and researchers can select a testing protocol that can safely and consistently be performed over time, as well as provide a practice trial to acclimatize the patients to the fixed-distance walk test.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Gait Speed after Applying Kinesio Tape on Quadriceps Femoris Muscle in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1394-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klejda Tani ◽  
Irena Kola ◽  
Vjollca Shpata ◽  
Fregen Dhamaj
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Kinesio Tape ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris Muscle ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Femoris Muscle ◽  
10 Meter Walk Test

BACKGROUND: Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease, known as the most common cause of difficulty walking in older adults and subsequently is associated with slow walking. Functional decline, increased risk of falls and the presence of pain are, in many studies, related to the muscle weakness caused by osteoarthritis especially weakness of the quadriceps muscles. Many studies have shown that the strength of the quadriceps femoris muscle can affect gait, by improving or weakening it. Kinesio Tape is a physiotherapeutic technique, which reduces pain and increases muscular strength by irritating the skin receptors.AIM: This study aimed to verify if the application of Kinesio Tape on quadriceps femoris muscle increases gait speed while decreasing the time needed to accomplish the 10-meter walk test in patients with knee osteoarthritis and also in subjects without knee osteoarthritis.METHOD: In this study, we observed the change of gait speed with the help of the 10-meter walk test before, one day and three days after the application of Kinesio Tape in quadriceps femoris muscle. We compared the results of the time needed to perform the 10-meter walk in two groups. In the first group, the Patients group, participated 102 out-patients with a clinical diagnosis of primary knee osteoarthritis, while in the second group, the Control group, participated 73 subjects with a main excluding criterion a clinical diagnosis of primary knee osteoarthritis.RESULTS: Our results indicated that there was a significant decrease of time needed to perform the 10-meter walk test in both groups three days after application of Kinesio Tape on quadriceps femoris muscle. However, there was not a significant change one day after the application of Kinesio Tape compared before its application in both groups.CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that there was a significant decrease in time needed to accomplish the 10-meter walk test. Kinesio Tape is a technique that can be used especially when changing walking stereotypes is a long-term goal of the treatment.

scholarly journals Associations of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components with the Risk of Incident Knee Osteoarthritis Leading to Hospitalization: A 32-Year Follow-up Study

Cartilage ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 194760351989473
Author(s):  
Sanna Konstari ◽  
Katri Sääksjärvi ◽  
Markku Heliövaara ◽  
Harri Rissanen ◽  
Paul Knekt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Full Model ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome Components ◽  
Reduced Risk

Objectives To examine whether metabolic syndrome or its individual components predict the risk of incident knee osteoarthritis (OA) in a prospective cohort study during a 32-year follow-up period. Design The cohort consisted of 6274 participants of the Mini-Finland Health Survey, who were free from knee OA and insulin-treated diabetes at baseline. Information on the baseline characteristics, including metabolic syndrome components, hypertension, elevated fasting glucose, elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein, and central obesity were collected during a health examination. We drew information on the incidence of clinical knee OA from the national Care Register for Health Care. Of the participants, 459 developed incident knee OA. In our full model, age, gender, body mass index, history of physical workload, smoking history, knee complaint, and previous injury of the knee were entered as potential confounding factors. Results Having metabolic syndrome at baseline was not associated with an increased risk of incident knee OA. In the full model, the hazard ratio for incident knee OA for those with metabolic syndrome was 0.76 (95% confidence interval [0.56, 1.01]). The number of metabolic syndrome components or any individual component did not predict an increased risk of knee OA. Of the components, elevated plasma fasting glucose was associated with a reduced risk of incident knee OA (hazard ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval [0.55, 0.91]). Conclusions Our findings do not support the hypothesis that metabolic syndrome or its components increase the risk of incident knee OA. In fact, elevated fasting glucose levels seemed to predict a reduced risk.

scholarly journals P129 Adolescent knee pain and risk of knee osteoarthritis 50 years later

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A Clynes ◽  
Faidra Laskou ◽  
Mark H Edwards ◽  
Cyrus Cooper ◽  
Angela Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Meniscal Tear ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Self Report ◽  
P Value ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Adolescent knee pain is a common complaint which may be due to patellar dislocation, meniscal tear, Osgood-Schlatter’s disease or patellofemoral maltracking. We studied the association of such pain with knee osteoarthritis (OA) 50 years later using a retrospective cohort design. Methods This study was based in the Hertfordshire Cohort Study, a cohort of men and women born in 1931 - 9. Participants completed a questionnaire detailing recall of adolescent knee pain, self-reported OA, demographics, lifestyle and The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC). Clinical OA was defined based on the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and assessed at a clinical visit where knee radiographs were also taken and graded according to the methods of Kellgren and Lawrence. Results Completed data were available for 135 men and 139 women. The mean age was 78.8 (SD 2.6) years and the mean (SD) BMI was 26.3 (4.0). Two percent of men (n = 3) and 5% of women (n = 7) reported adolescent knee pain, of which 2 men and 3 women sought medical advice for their knee pain. 1 man and 2 women reported that their pain had been constant since teenage years while 2 men and 4 women reported that it was intermittent in nature. A report of adolescent knee pain was associated with an increased risk of clinical (odds ratio (OR) 5.45, p-value 0.015, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.39 - 21.36); radiological (OR 2.33, p-value 0.228, 95% CI 0.60 - 9.24) and self-report (OR 2.71, p-value 0.134, 95% CI 0.74 - 10.0) of knee OA in later life. After adjustments for age, sex and BMI, adolescent knee pain was associated with an increased risk of clinical (OR 4.80, p-value 0.047, 95% CI 1.02 - 22.53); radiological (OR 1.85, p-value 0.404, 95% CI 0.44 - 7.78); self-report (OR 3.23, p-value 0.10, 95% CI 0.80 - 12.94) although relationships were only significant for clinical knee OA. Conclusion Recalled adolescent knee pain was associated with a clinical diagnosis of knee OA in later life. The lack of association with self-report of OA suggests that this is not simply a consequence of recall bias and exploration in other data sets is now indicated. Disclosures M.A. Clynes: None. F. Laskou: None. M.H. Edwards: None. C. Cooper: None. A. Taylor: None. M. Stokes: None. E.M. Dennison: None.

scholarly journals Phenylalanine Is a Novel Marker for Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis Progression: The MOST Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Guangju Zhai ◽  
Xianbang Sun ◽  
Edward W. Randell ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Radiographic Progression ◽  
Phenylalanine Level ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Site Significance ◽  
Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Group 1

Objective.To identify plasma markers associated with an increased risk of radiographic knee osteoarthritis(OA) progression using a metabolomics approach.Methods.Study participants were from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study (MOST) and were categorized into 2 groups based on the presence of baseline radiographic OA. Subjects in group 1 had unilateral knee OA and subjects in group 2 had bilateral knee OA. Progression was defined as a half-grade or greater worsening in joint space width at 30-month follow-up. For group 1, a participant progressed when their OA knee showed radiographic progression and the contralateral knee developed OA; for group 2, a participant progressed when both knees with OA showed radiographic progression. Metabolomic profiling was performed on plasma samples collected at baseline and logistic regression was performed to test the association between each metabolite and knee OA progression after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, and clinic site. Significance was defined as P ≤ 0.0003 in the combined analysis.Results.There were 234 progressors (57 in group 1 and 177 in group 2) and 322 nonprogressors (206 in group 1 and 116 in group 2) included in the analyses. Among 157 metabolites studied, we found that odds of progression were 1.46 times higher per SD increase of phenylalanine level (95% CI 1.20–1.77, P = 0.0001) in the combined analysis. Sex-specific analysis showed that an association was seen in women (P = 0.0002) but not in men.Conclusion.Our data suggest that phenylalanine might be a novel plasma marker for higher risk of bilateral radiographic knee OA progression in women.

scholarly journals Neuromuscular exercises: A new perspective in knee osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-316
Author(s):  
Jyoti Sabharwal ◽  
◽  
Shabnam Joshi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Intervention Programme ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Training Programmes

Background. Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent arthropathy across the world. It presents with swelling, pain, decreased range of motion (ROM) and instability. Patients also complain of thigh muscle weakness and lower limb weakness resulting in poor joint shielding and joint overload. Owing to these presenting features patients are prone to increased risk of morbidity and are forced to live with functional impairment. Exercises are one of the vital intervention programme used in knee OA. Exercises lead to improvement in physical function, strengthening of the muscles and reduction in pain. Neuromuscular exercises have effects on functional performance, biomechanics and activation pattern of surrounding musculatures of the patient. Therefore, neuromuscular exercises may prove to be beneficial in enhancing the efficacy of exercise training programmes in such patients due to functional instability and disturbed neuromuscular function. Purpose. This article intends to review the effect and role of neuromuscular exercises in the management of knee osteoarthritis. Method. Comprehensive computerized search was performed on Google Scholar, Pubmed and Cochrane. Conclusion. By evaluating various articles on neuromuscular exercises in knee osteoarthritis the present review suggest that neuromuscular exercises are helpful in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals IL-6 gene rs12700386 Polymorphism is Associated with Increased Risk of Knee Osteoarthritis Development in Chinese Han Population: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Yang ◽  
Xindie Zhou ◽  
Dongmei Xu ◽  
Gang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: There is an association between Interleukin-6 (IL-6) polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis (OA) risk. The case-control study aims at exploring how IL-6 rs12700386 polymorphism affects the knee OA risk in Chinese Han individuals.Methods: We extracted the DNA from 763 participants, thereinto, 352 were OA patients and 411 were healthy controls. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assisted in genotyping the IL-6 gene polymorphism. The relative expression exhibited by IL-6 in blood samples of knee OA patients was determined via a quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: We found that IL-6 rs12700386 enhanced the knee OA susceptibility. Based on a subgroup analysis, the loci magnified the knee OA risk in smokers, drinkers, and subjects ≥ 55 years old or with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. The combination of smoking and drinking and rs12700386 genotype led to an increase in the knee OA risk, indicating an underlying interaction between gene and environment. Additionally, the rs12700386 was found to be related to increased IL-6 gene levels. Conclusion: These data indicate that rs12700386 polymorphism of IL-6 gene led to an increase in the knee OA risk specific to Chinese Han individuals.

scholarly journals The Association of Diabetes With Knee Pain Locations, Pain While Walking, and Walking Speed: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 1977-1986
Author(s):  
Aqeel M Alenazi ◽  
Mohammed M Alshehri ◽  
Shaima Alothman ◽  
Bader A Alqahtani ◽  
Jason Rucker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Pain ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Osteoarthritis Initiative ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) and diabetes mellitus (DM) often coexist and can result in negative outcomes. DM can affect pain and walking speed in people with knee OA; however, the impact of DM on OA is understudied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between diabetes and knee pain locations, pain severity while walking, and walking speed in people with knee OA. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was used. Data from 1790 individuals from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (mean [SD] age = 69 [8.7] years) with knee pain were included and grouped into knee OA and diabetes (n = 236) or knee OA only (n = 1554). Knee pain locations were categorized as no pain, localized pain, regional pain, or diffuse pain. Knee pain during a 20-m walk test was categorized as no pain, mild, moderate, or severe knee pain. Walking speed was measured using the 20-m walk test. Multinomial and linear regression analyses were performed. Results Diabetes was associated with regional knee pain (odds ratio [OR] = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.01–3.11). Diabetes was associated only with moderate (OR = 1.78; 95% CI = 1.02–3.10) or severe (OR = 2.52; 95% CI = 1.01–6.28) pain while walking. Diabetes was associated with decreased walking speed (B = −0.064; 95% CI = −0.09 to −0.03). Conclusions Diabetes was associated with regional knee pain but not with localized or diffuse knee pain and was associated with moderate to severe knee pain while walking and slower walking speed in people with knee OA. Impact Clinicians can use a knee pain map for examining knee pain locations for people with diabetes and knee OA. Knee pain during walking and walking speed should be screened for people with knee OA and diabetes because of the influence of diabetes on these parameters in this population. Lay Summary Diabetes might be associated with specific knee pain locations, pain during activities such as walking, and reduced walking speed in people with knee OA.

scholarly journals Sarcopenic Knee Osteoarthritis: A Risk Factor for Recurrent Falls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Iijima ◽  
Tomoki Aoyama
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Recurrent Falls ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Interactive Relationship ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
Risk Factors For Falls ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Sarcopenia and knee osteoarthritis (OA) are major risk factors for falls in older adults. The coexistence of these two conditions may exacerbate the risk of falls through the sarcopenia-OA interaction. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that older adults with coexisting sarcopenia and knee OA, defined as “sarcopenic OA,” displayed an increased risk of falls.Methods: Patients in an orthopedics clinic (n = 298, age: 60–90 years, 78.9% women) were divided into 4 groups according to the presence of sarcopenia and radiographic knee OA: isolated sarcopenia, isolated knee OA, sarcopenic knee OA, and control (i.e., non-sarcopenia with non-OA) groups. We used questionnaires to assess fall experience in the prior 12 months. We performed binary and ordinal logistic regression analyses to evaluate the relationship between the 4 groups and falls experience.Results: Of 298 participants, 27 (9.1%) had sarcopenic knee OA. Patients with sarcopenic knee OA had 4.70 times (95% confidence interval: 1.08, 20.5) higher odds of recurrent falls (≥ 2 falls) than those with control after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index.Conclusions: Patients with sarcopenic knee OA displayed higher frailty. This study provides novel interactive relationship between sarcopenia and knee OA in the context of recurrent falls experience.Trial registration: Not applicable.

scholarly journals A Decline in Walking Speed is Associated with Incident Knee Replacement in Adults with and at Risk for Knee Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
pp. jrheum.200176
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Harkey ◽  
Kate L. Lapane ◽  
Shao-Hsien Liu ◽  
Grace H. Lo ◽  
Timothy E. McAlindon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Knee Replacement ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
One Year

Objective To determine if a one-year change in walking speed is associated with receiving an incident knee replacement during the following year in adults with and at risk for knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Using data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative, we determined a one-year change in 20- meter walk speed from three observation periods (i.e., 0-12, 12-24, and 24-36 month). We operationally defined one-year change in walking speed as either: 1) decline: < -0.1 m/s change, 2) no change: between -0.1 and 0.1 m/s change, 3) increase: > 0.1 m/s change. Incident knee replacement was defined using each subsequent one-year period (i.e., 12-24, 24- 36, and 36-48 month). Combining data from the three observation periods, we performed a Poisson regression with robust error variance to determine the relative risk between a change in walking speed (exposure) and incident knee replacement over the following year (outcome). Results Of the 4,264 participants included within this analysis (11,311 total person visits), 115 (3%) adults received a knee replacement. Decline in walking speed was associated with a 104% increase in risk [adjusted relative risk (RR)=2.04; 95% confidence interval (CI)= 1.40-2.98], while an increase in walking speed associated with a 55% decrease in risk (RR=0.45; 95% CI=0.22-0.93) of incident knee replacement in the following year compared to a person with no change in walking speed. Conclusion A one-year decline in walking speed is associated with an increased risk, while one-year increase in walking speed is associated with a decreased risk of future incident knee replacement.

scholarly journals Mild knee osteoarthritis predicts dissatisfaction after total knee arthroplasty: a prospective study of 186 patients aged 65 years or less with 2-year follow-up

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanni Leppänen ◽  
Mika Niemeläinen ◽  
Heini Huhtala ◽  
Antti Eskelinen
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Persistent Pain ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Total Knee

Abstract Background and aims The incidence of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is increasing, especially among younger working-age patients. However, dissatisfaction rates in this population are higher than among older patients. The aim of this study was to assess the rates of dissatisfaction and persistent pain after TKA and to evaluate those factors that predict these outcomes. Material and methods In total, 186 patients undergoing unilateral TKA aged 65 years or less were enrolled into this prospective observational study with 2-year follow-up. To assess the outcome, the visual analogue scales regarding satisfaction and persistent pain at rest and during exercise were used. In addition, the association between patients´ demographics, radiographic severity of knee osteoarthritis (OA), patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and dissatisfaction and persistent pain were tested by univariate logistic regression analysis. Mild OA was defined as Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade 2 and severe OA as KL grade 3–4. Furthermore, multiple logistic regression analysis was also conducted to test statistically significant relations. Results After 2 years, 12 % (n = 23) of patients were dissatisfied with the outcome of TKA, 27 % (n = 50) reported persistent pain during exercise and 10 % (n = 18) at rest. Patients with mild knee OA were significantly more dissatisfied (28.6 %) than patients with more severe OA (8.7 %) (p = 0.003). Younger patients had an increased risk for both dissatisfaction and persistent pain. Apart from KOOS Quality of Life, poor preoperative KOOS subscores were also predictive for these outcomes. Conclusion Mild radiographic knee OA was the main predicting factor for dissatisfaction after TKA. Thus, performing TKA for such patients should be carefully considered. Furthermore, these patients should be informed about the increased risk for dissatisfaction and the same seems to apply to younger patients. Interestingly, when TKA is performed for patients with more severe knee OA, the satisfaction rates seem to be somewhat higher than those previously reported. Trial registration The study was retrospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (registration number NCT03233620) on 28 July 2017.

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