Zweifel, Skeptizismus und das Dilemma der Wahrheitsfindung in der höfischen Epik des Mittelalters

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-66
Author(s):  
Christiane Witthöft
Keyword(s):  
Research Field ◽  
Middle High German ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Emotional Effect ◽  
Rhetorical Figures ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Narrative Techniques ◽  
Productive Method ◽  
Character Types

Doubt, Scepticism, and the Dilemma of Establishing the Truth in Middle High German Epic. An Outline of a Research Field The article reflects on the specific uses of doubt as a productive method of ascertaining truth in Middle High German Epic (12th to 14th centuries). Intra-tex­tual debates on the correct interpretation of alternative claims to truth and the presentation of opposing points of view trigger a cognitive and emotional effect of doubt which strongly resonates in metaphors, images and rhetorical figures. Additionally, doubt inspires poetic (and narrative) techniques, motifs and character types which extant research has failed to recognise as interconnected. The purpose of this article is to introduce a research field that is concerned with the analysis of courtly scepticism in secular traditions of literature.

Parentheticals and the presentation of multipersonal consciousness: A stylistic analysis of Mrs Dalloway

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxiao Cui
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Stylistic Analysis ◽  
Multiple Points ◽  
Single Sentence ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Free Indirect Style ◽  
Narrative Techniques

The presentation of consciousness in Mrs Dalloway has long been a focus of study, and many scholars have investigated Woolf’s narrative techniques in this regard, especially her use of Free Indirect Style. However, most of the existing studies mainly concentrate on the consciousness presentation of individual characters. Few studies have provided adequate accounts concerning the arrangement of the shifting narrative viewpoints and the linguistic mechanism that facilitates the ‘multipersonal representation of consciousness’ in this novel (Auerbach, 2003 [1953]: 536). This article attempts to fill this research gap by examining the use of parentheticals in Mrs Dalloway. The syntactic independence of a parenthetical gives it a degree of freedom to digress from its host, which makes this construction a convenient device to bring in new sources of consciousness and thus shift the narrative viewpoint from one character to another. The frequent viewpoint shifts subvert the convention of adhering to a single coherent narrative point of view. Meanwhile, using parentheticals allows Woolf to present multiple points of view within a short stretch of text, even within a single sentence. In this way, a sense of simultaneity is created. Distinct sources of consciousness are brought closer to each other; the very boundaries between individual minds seem to be blurred.

INSTITUTIONS OF MULTIPLE CRIMES AND ADMINISTRATIVE PREJUDICE IN CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN CRIMINAL LAW

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Savelyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The Other ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Administrative Legislation ◽  
Special Part ◽  
General Part ◽  
Points Of View

Despite the legislator is step by step expanding the number of bodies of a crime with the sign of administrative prejudice, up to the present, the General part of the RF Criminal Code does not define administrative prejudice. It leads to the fact that the Special part of the RF Criminal Code formulates the administrative prejudice features in the bodies of crimes in different ways. In particular, only some of the bodies of crimes contain the duplicity feature as an administrative prejudice element. Within this investigation, the author considers as well the other criminal law institution – multiple crimes. It is caused by the fact that collaterally with the administrative prejudice, the liability for persons previously convicted for identical and (or) similar actions starts to be introduced. It speaks for both the reappearance of liability for special recidivism and the introduction of the criminal law category not covered by this concept. To identify the problems related to the structure of bodies of crimes with indicated signs and specify the ways for their solution, the author carried out the interdisciplinary comparison of norms of criminal and administrative legislation, analyzed doctrinal points of view, explained the position of the executor of law represented by the supreme judicial authorities, and investigated a draft law on the amendments in the RF Criminal Code. As a result of the study, the author concludes that the Special part of the RF Criminal Code formulates the administrative prejudice signs in the bodies of crimes in different ways. It complicates the correct interpretation of specified criminal law norms. Moreover, the author considers incorrect the structure of part 1 of Art. 284.1 of the RF Criminal Code, which contains both the sign of administrative prejudice and the sign of conviction for identical action. The position of the RF Government expressed in draft law No. 536-8 on the amendments in Art. 116.1 of the RF Criminal Code calls for comments as well.

scholarly journals Do We Still Believe There Is a G-spot?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Mollaioli ◽  
Andrea Sansone ◽  
Elena Colonnello ◽  
Erika Limoncin ◽  
Giacomo Ciocca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Sexuality ◽  
Vaginal Wall ◽  
Anterior Vaginal Wall ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Anatomical Point ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Controversial Aspect

Abstract In the field of female sexuality, the existence of the so-called “G-spot” represents a topic still anchored to anecdotes and opinions and explained using non-scientific points, as well as being overused for commercial and mediatic purposes. Purpose of Review The scope of this review is to give an update on the current state of information regarding the G-spot and suggesting potential future directions in the research field of this interesting, albeit controversial, aspect of human sexual physiology. Recent Findings From evolutionary, anatomical, and functional points of view, new evidence has rebutted the original conceptualization of the G-spot, abandoning the idea of a specific anatomical point able to produce exceptional orgasmic experiences through the stimulation of the anterior vaginal wall, the site where the G-spot is assumed to be. From a psychological perspective, only few findings to date are able to describe the psychological, behavioral, and social correlates of the pleasure experience by G-spot-induced or, better, vaginally induced orgasm (VAO). Summary Recent literature suggests the existence of a G-spot but specifies that, since it is not a spot, neither anatomically nor functionally, it cannot be called G, nor spot, anymore. It is indeed a functional, dynamic, and hormone-dependent area (called clitorourethrovaginal, CUV, complex), extremely individual in its development and action due to the combined influence of biological and psychological aspects, which may trigger VAO and in some particular cases also female ejaculation (FE).

scholarly journals Elements of the Mime in Horace’s Epode “Quid tibi vis, mulier”

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (3 SELECTED PAPERS IN ENGLISH) ◽  
pp. 45-61
Author(s):  
Wojciech Kopek
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Literary Context ◽  
Rhetorical Figures ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Ars Poetica ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Comedy ◽  
Character Types

The Polish version of the article was published in Roczniki Humanistyczne vol. 61, issue 3 (2013). The aim of this article is to discover the literary context for Horace’s Epode 12 by juxtaposing it with Herondas’ mimes, particularly Mime 5, titled The Jealous Woman. The description of the relationship between these works is based on the ancient theory of rhetoric and on elements of Horace’s Ars poetica. It has been established that Epode 12 has numerous features of the literary mime: it is an apparent dialogue (sermocinatio, παρῳδή) recited by a single performer (mime), most probably in the scenery of an ancient feast. A participant in the feast becomes an actor, who first performs the role of a male lover (iuvenis) and then the role of a superannuated female lover (mulier). These character types are typical of both Old and New Comedy styles, but the whole dramatic setting seems to bear the greatest resemblance to Mime 5, in which the same literary protagonists are found in a scene analogous to a lovers’ quarrel. On the one hand, specific rhetorical figures (imitatio / μίμησις) indicate that the literary original was used in a creative manner. On the other, Mime 5 can also be used in the interpretation of Epode 12. This interpretation can be built on the processes of liberation and subjugation as part of the lovers’ relationship (actual subjugation in Mime 5 and metaphorical—financial—in Epode 12, where the iuvenis is the mulier’s “kept man”).

‘From Both Sides Now’: Power and Powerlessness in Two Contemporary Novels of the Middle East

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
EVE TAL
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Young People ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Contemporary Novels ◽  
Middle East Conflict ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Narrative Techniques ◽  
Power And Powerlessness

The paper analyses the narrative techniques utilised in two contemporary young adult novels: Elizabeth Laird's A Little Piece of Ground (2003) and Pnina Moed Kass's Real Time (2004). Set in Palestine and Israel respectively, these novels present convincing psychological portraits of young people on both sides of the Middle East conflict. The paper analyses to what extent each novel allows readers the imaginative freedom to explore opposing points of view, arguing that a text that fails to present readers with a nuanced representation of reality leaves them open to intellectual manipulation by creating a self-contained world in which opposing points of view are in effect censored by their absence.

scholarly journals Set sådan lidt fra oven. - Om det unaturlige i narratologien og i J.P. Jacobsens "Et Skud i Taagen"

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (112) ◽  
pp. 51-70
Author(s):  
Jacob Bøggild
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Ghost Story ◽  
Rhetorical Figures ◽  
Unnatural Narratology ◽  
Traditional Sense ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Literary Phenomenon

AS VIEWED SOMEWHAT FROM ABOVE | First; the relationship between the two positions of natural and unnatural narratology is discussed. It is pointed out that even if they appear to live together in relative harmony and supplement each other in productive ways, they may have to disagree more fundamentally with each other if they are to formulate their respective conceptions of language. Subsequently, an exemplary reading of J.P. Jacobsen’s short story “Et skud i Taagen” is undertaken.First, the question of genre is discussed, since the story appears to be a ghost story that does not really want to be such a story in a traditional sense. Todorov’s idea that the fantastic in literature originates from rhetorical figures becomes the point of departure for a further reading of the story. It is demonstrated that the literalization of a now forgotten idiom, the becoming fictional reality of a simile, and metonymy, is what conjures up the ghost in the narrative. The unnatural or supernatural is thus a product of language in the strictest sense possible. Furthermore, another rhetorical or literary phenomenon, namely free indirect speech, is used with devious effects by Jacobsen, since it is evoked to produce a couple of perspectives or points of view that are simplyimpossible. The literary language of the story can thus not only conjure up the unnatural or supernatural, it can also blind the reader to the sheer impossibility of what is written on the page.

scholarly journals Pro et contra: Discussions about Duels in Russian Publicistic in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Moral Legitimacy ◽  
Rhetorical Figures ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Number Of Authors

The article reviews the discussions on duel as a social phenomenon which broke out in the Russian journalism in the late 19th and early 20th century. To a significant extent, it was caused by modification of the duel legislation in 1894 when, in accordance with the Rules of Dispute Settlement among Officers, duels were legalised in the officer community and the Court of the Officer Society was granted a new authority: to review “the affairs of honour” and to appoint a duel in some conflict situations at own discretion. This legislative novelty was perceived by the society in different ways. For instance, M. Dragomirov critisised the discretionary power granted to the Court of the Officer Society and considered the new law as discrediting of personal honour which was now set against corporate views on rules and standards of settlement of personal conflicts. P. Levitov and V. V. Nabokov drew attention of the society to duels between the deputies of the State Duma which had become more frequent. A number of authors (B. Adamovich, V. Korolenko, A. Kireev, S. Nedrazhov, etc., maintaining their positions, referred to tragic fates and the last duels of Pushkin and Lermontov which had led to their deaths. The conclusions the publicists drew were absolutely opposite to each other. In the works by theologist and church historian A. Bronzov, duels were considered in the context of the principles of Christian ethics. One of examples of a direct discussion was a work by an anonymous company officer written in response to the article by A. Kireev. This “dialogue” pointed at social injustice contained in the new duel decree as well as at diversity of different points of view at the same phenomenon. The author of the article notes and analyses metaphorical expressions, major plot lines and rhetorical figures which were common for the reviewed discussion. It is noted in the conclusion that this discussion on duels not only clearly emphasised the questions of moral legitimacy of a duel and social status of its participants but also reflected the social tension and cultural barriers common during the late period of the Russian Empire.

scholarly journals Time-Spatial Contextuality, Complexity, and Integrity of the Development and Cognition of Landscape Ecology (Selected Theoretical and Meta-Scientific Aspects)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-32
Author(s):  
Florin Žigrai
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
And Function ◽  
Landscape Ecological

Abstract The view of the development and cognition of landscape ecology should not be an isolated one. In order to comprehend the connection, complexity and cohesion of natural and social nature which influence the genesis, development and function of landscape ecology should be studied in time-spatial and landscape-ecological contextuality, complexity and integrity. This paper is devoted to the topic of time-spatial contextuality, complexity, and integrity of landscape ecology as a science approached from two points of view: firstly, the potential development of landscape ecology reflecting its object and approach of research and secondly, cognition of landscape ecology by landscape ecologists, i.e. subject of landscape ecological research. The mission of this paper is to at least partially enlighten so far less studied meta-scientific research field by means of selected theoretical and meta-scientific aspects.

scholarly journals Szempontok a De mulieribus claris elemzéséhez

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Annamária Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Italian Literature ◽  
European Literature ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The Common ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Western European ◽  
De Mulieribus Claris ◽  
Narrative Techniques

Boccaccio had proved by his vernacular and Latin prosaic works as well that he merited a place among the three crowns of Italian literature. By De mulieribus claris he created the first collection of women’s biographies in the Western European literature, which work testifies such a complexity worth for analysing. This paper presents the various aspects I needed to apply during the analysis of the common goddesses of Genealogia and De mulieribus – e. g. the problem of the readers, the utilized literary sources, the narrative techniques and even the tradition called Euhemerism – to understand De mulieribus itself and due to these points of view to identify the answers that Boccaccio gave to the challenges of the Medieval and Renaissance interpretational traditions.

scholarly journals Empirical Finance

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Shigeyuki Hamori
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Empirical Finance ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Share Of Articles

The research field related to finance has made great progress in recent years due to the development of information processing technology and the availability of large-scale data. This special issue is a collection of 16 articles on empirical finance and one book review. The content is six articles on machine learning, five articles based on traditional econometric analysis, and five articles on emerging markets. The large share of articles on the application of machine learning is in line with recent trends in finance research. This special issue provides a state-of-the-art overview of empirical finance from economic, financial, and technical points of view.

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